See abuna on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "am",
"3": "አቡነ"
},
"expansion": "Amharic አቡነ (ʾäbunä)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ar",
"3": "أَبُونَا",
"4": "",
"5": "our father"
},
"expansion": "Arabic أَبُونَا (ʔabūnā, “our father”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ar",
"3": "ء ب و"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Amharic አቡነ (ʾäbunä), Arabic أَبُونَا (ʔabūnā, “our father”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "abunas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "abuna (plural abunas)",
"name": "en-noun"
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},
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{
"ref": "2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 242:",
"text": "Around these leaders are still numerous hereditary dynasties of non-monastic clergy who, over the centuries, might swarm in their thousands to seek ordination on the abun’s rare visits to their area.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The Patriarch, or head of the Abyssinian Church."
],
"id": "en-abuna-en-noun-en:patriarch",
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"Patriarch",
"Patriarch"
],
[
"Abyssinian",
"Abyssinian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity) The Patriarch, or head of the Abyssinian Church."
],
"senseid": [
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "abun"
}
],
"topics": [
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],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "head of the Abyssinian church",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abouna"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "head of the Abyssinian church",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuna"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "head of the Abyssinian church",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuna"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈbuːnə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-abuna.wav",
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}
],
"word": "abuna"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "am",
"3": "አቡነ"
},
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"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ar",
"3": "أَبُونَا",
"4": "",
"5": "our father"
},
"expansion": "Arabic أَبُونَا (ʔabūnā, “our father”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1564"
},
"expansion": "1564",
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{
"args": {
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},
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"name": "etydate"
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{
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"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2010-2023) “abunan”, in <cite>Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku</cite> [<cite>A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish</cite>]</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Amharic አቡነ (ʾäbunä), from Arabic أَبُونَا (ʔabūnā, “our father”). First attested in 1564.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "abuna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abunowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abuny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abunów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abunowi",
"source": "declension",
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"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abunom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abunę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abunów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abuną",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abunami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abunie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abunach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abuno",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "abunowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "abuna m pers",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bu‧na"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "abuna",
"10": "abunami",
"11": "abunie",
"12": "abunach",
"13": "abuno",
"14": "abunowie",
"2": "abunowie",
"3": "abuny",
"4": "abunów",
"5": "abunowi",
"6": "abunom",
"7": "abunę",
"8": "abunów",
"9": "abuną"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
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"Entries with incorrect language header",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
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},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "pl:Christianity",
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{
"kind": "topical",
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"name": "Male people",
"orig": "pl:Male people",
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{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "pl:Occupations",
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"Work",
"Human",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
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],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "African Christians choose a patriarch monk from the hermit Saint Anthony's monastery/and they call him an abuna.",
"ref": "1564, M. Bielski, Kronika, page 462:",
"text": "Pátryárchę wybieráią [chrześcijanie afrykańscy] Mnichá s Klaſztorá S. Antoniego puſtelniká/ á zową go Abunán",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "This isn't anything strange, because Abyssinians always get their abuna from Egypt.",
"ref": "1841, Gazeta Codzienna, number 163, page 3:",
"text": "Nie jest to nic dziwnego, bo Abissyńczycy zawsze Abunę swego z egiptu otrzymują.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "The next consecrated abunas snuck over through the Alexandrian archimandrite",
"ref": "1974, Wacław Korabiewicz, Śladami amuletu, page 162:",
"text": "Przekradali się konsekrowani przez archimandrytę aleksandryjskiego kolejni abunowie.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "In the book I was quoting from there is no information (neither about changing the\ncourse of the Nile nor about harassing abunas.",
"ref": "2003 July 18, leszek, “ciekawostka z historii Etiopii”, in pl.sci.historia (Usenet):",
"text": "W książce którą cytowałem nie ma takich informacji (ani o odwróceniu\nbiegu Nilu, ani o prześladowaniu abunów).",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"abuna (the Patriarch, or head of the Abyssinian Church)"
],
"id": "en-abuna-pl-noun-7Gdx5hBB",
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"abuna",
"abuna#English:_patriarch"
],
[
"Patriarch",
"Patriarch"
],
[
"Abyssinian",
"Abyssinian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity) abuna (the Patriarch, or head of the Abyssinian Church)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "abunan"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/aˈbu.na/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-una"
}
],
"word": "abuna"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "abunas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "abuna m (plural abunas)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bu‧na"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
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{
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},
{
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"Irregular nouns",
"Nouns by inflection type",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
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},
{
"kind": "topical",
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"name": "Christianity",
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}
],
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],
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[
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],
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"Abyssinian",
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],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
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"Christianity"
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/aˈbũ.nɐ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈbũ.nɐ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈbu.na/",
"tags": [
"Southern-Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɐˈbu.nɐ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɐˈβu.nɐ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "abuna"
}
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"2": "am",
"3": "አቡነ"
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"name": "bor"
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{
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"2": "ar",
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"name": "der"
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{
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"1": "en",
"2": "ar",
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],
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{
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],
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"expansion": "abuna (plural abunas)",
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"lang_code": "en",
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"ref": "2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 242:",
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"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The Patriarch, or head of the Abyssinian Church."
],
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[
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],
[
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"Patriarch"
],
[
"Abyssinian",
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity) The Patriarch, or head of the Abyssinian Church."
],
"senseid": [
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],
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]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈbuːnə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-abuna.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-abuna.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-abuna.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "abun"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "head of the Abyssinian church",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abouna"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "head of the Abyssinian church",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuna"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "head of the Abyssinian church",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuna"
}
],
"word": "abuna"
}
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"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "am",
"3": "አቡነ"
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"expansion": "Borrowed from Amharic አቡነ (ʾäbunä)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ar",
"3": "أَبُونَا",
"4": "",
"5": "our father"
},
"expansion": "Arabic أَبُونَا (ʔabūnā, “our father”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
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"expansion": "1564",
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{
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},
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{
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"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2010-2023) “abunan”, in <cite>Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku</cite> [<cite>A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish</cite>]</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Amharic አቡነ (ʾäbunä), from Arabic أَبُونَا (ʔabūnā, “our father”). First attested in 1564.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
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"source": "declension",
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"singular"
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{
"form": "abunowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abuny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abunów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abunowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abunom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abunę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abunów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abuną",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abunami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abunie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abunach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abuno",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "abunowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "abuna m pers",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bu‧na"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "abuna",
"10": "abunami",
"11": "abunie",
"12": "abunach",
"13": "abuno",
"14": "abunowie",
"2": "abunowie",
"3": "abuny",
"4": "abunów",
"5": "abunowi",
"6": "abunom",
"7": "abunę",
"8": "abunów",
"9": "abuną"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 3-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from Amharic",
"Polish terms derived from Amharic",
"Polish terms derived from Arabic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with quotations",
"Rhymes:Polish/una",
"Rhymes:Polish/una/3 syllables",
"pl:Christianity",
"pl:Male people",
"pl:Occupations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "African Christians choose a patriarch monk from the hermit Saint Anthony's monastery/and they call him an abuna.",
"ref": "1564, M. Bielski, Kronika, page 462:",
"text": "Pátryárchę wybieráią [chrześcijanie afrykańscy] Mnichá s Klaſztorá S. Antoniego puſtelniká/ á zową go Abunán",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "This isn't anything strange, because Abyssinians always get their abuna from Egypt.",
"ref": "1841, Gazeta Codzienna, number 163, page 3:",
"text": "Nie jest to nic dziwnego, bo Abissyńczycy zawsze Abunę swego z egiptu otrzymują.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "The next consecrated abunas snuck over through the Alexandrian archimandrite",
"ref": "1974, Wacław Korabiewicz, Śladami amuletu, page 162:",
"text": "Przekradali się konsekrowani przez archimandrytę aleksandryjskiego kolejni abunowie.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "In the book I was quoting from there is no information (neither about changing the\ncourse of the Nile nor about harassing abunas.",
"ref": "2003 July 18, leszek, “ciekawostka z historii Etiopii”, in pl.sci.historia (Usenet):",
"text": "W książce którą cytowałem nie ma takich informacji (ani o odwróceniu\nbiegu Nilu, ani o prześladowaniu abunów).",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"abuna (the Patriarch, or head of the Abyssinian Church)"
],
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"abuna",
"abuna#English:_patriarch"
],
[
"Patriarch",
"Patriarch"
],
[
"Abyssinian",
"Abyssinian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity) abuna (the Patriarch, or head of the Abyssinian Church)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/aˈbu.na/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-una"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "abunan"
}
],
"word": "abuna"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "abunas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "abuna m (plural abunas)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bu‧na"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Portuguese 3-syllable words",
"Portuguese countable nouns",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese masculine nouns",
"Portuguese nouns",
"Portuguese nouns with irregular gender",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"pt:Christianity"
],
"glosses": [
"abuna (the Patriarch, or head of the Abyssinian Church)"
],
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"abuna",
"abuna#English:_patriarch"
],
[
"Patriarch",
"Patriarch"
],
[
"Abyssinian",
"Abyssinian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity) abuna (the Patriarch, or head of the Abyssinian Church)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/aˈbũ.nɐ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈbũ.nɐ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈbu.na/",
"tags": [
"Southern-Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɐˈbu.nɐ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɐˈβu.nɐ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "abuna"
}
Download raw JSONL data for abuna meaning in All languages combined (8.9kB)
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "abuna/Portuguese/noun: invalid uppercase tag Southern-Brazil not in or uppercase_tags: {\"forms\": [{\"form\": \"abunas\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"m\"}, \"expansion\": \"abuna m (plural abunas)\", \"name\": \"pt-noun\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"a‧bu‧na\"], \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"lang_code\": \"pt\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Portuguese 3-syllable words\", \"Portuguese countable nouns\", \"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Portuguese lemmas\", \"Portuguese masculine nouns\", \"Portuguese nouns\", \"Portuguese nouns with irregular gender\", \"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"pt:Christianity\"], \"glosses\": [\"abuna (the Patriarch, or head of the Abyssinian Church)\"], \"links\": [[\"Christianity\", \"Christianity\"], [\"abuna\", \"abuna#English:_patriarch\"], [\"Patriarch\", \"Patriarch\"], [\"Abyssinian\", \"Abyssinian\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(Christianity) abuna (the Patriarch, or head of the Abyssinian Church)\"], \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"topics\": [\"Christianity\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/aˈbũ.nɐ/\", \"tags\": [\"Brazil\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/aˈbũ.nɐ/\", \"tags\": [\"Brazil\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/aˈbu.na/\", \"tags\": [\"Southern-Brazil\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɐˈbu.nɐ/\", \"tags\": [\"Portugal\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"[ɐˈβu.nɐ]\", \"tags\": [\"Portugal\"]}], \"word\": \"abuna\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Portuguese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "abuna",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.