See abstention on Wiktionary
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{
"_dis1": "20 50 18 12",
"code": "bg",
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"roman": "vǎzdǎržanost",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "въздържаност"
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"code": "ca",
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},
{
"_dis1": "20 50 18 12",
"code": "cmn",
"english": "failing to exercise a right",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qìquán",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "棄權 /弃权"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 50 18 12",
"code": "cmn",
"english": "bad habits",
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"roman": "jièchú",
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"word": "戒除"
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{
"_dis1": "20 50 18 12",
"code": "cmn",
"english": "alcohol",
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"roman": "jièjiǔ",
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{
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"roman": "jìnjiǔ",
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{
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"code": "nl",
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{
"_dis1": "20 50 18 12",
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{
"_dis1": "20 50 18 12",
"code": "eo",
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"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "sindeteno"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 50 18 12",
"code": "eo",
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"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "abstino"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 50 18 12",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "pidättäytyminen"
},
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{
"_dis1": "20 50 18 12",
"code": "de",
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"word": "Enthaltung"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 50 18 12",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "himan'ut",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "הימנעו f ("
},
{
"_dis1": "20 50 18 12",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "tartózkodás"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 50 18 12",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "abstention"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 50 18 12",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "astensione"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 50 18 12",
"alt": "つつしむこと",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tsutsushimu koto",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "慎むこと"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 50 18 12",
"alt": "きんしゅ",
"code": "ja",
"english": "alcohol",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kinshu",
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"word": "禁酒"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 50 18 12",
"alt": "きけん",
"code": "ja",
"english": "failing to exercise a right",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kiken",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "棄権"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 50 18 12",
"alt": "ふさんか",
"code": "ja",
"english": "non-participation",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "fusanka",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "不参加"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 50 18 12",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
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],
"word": "avhold"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 50 18 12",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "abstynencja"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 50 18 12",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "abstenção"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 50 18 12",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "abținere"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 50 18 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vozderžánije",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "воздержа́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 50 18 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vozdéržannostʹ",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "возде́ржанность"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 50 18 12",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "seachnadh"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 50 18 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "abstención"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 50 18 12",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "çekimserlik"
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"Non-participation in the political world; as a country avoiding international affairs."
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"word": "въздържаност"
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{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "abstenció"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"english": "failing to exercise a right",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qìquán",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "棄權 /弃权"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"english": "bad habits",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jièchú",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "戒除"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"english": "alcohol",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jièjiǔ",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "戒酒"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"english": "alcohol",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jìnjiǔ",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "禁酒"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "onthouding"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "abstinentie"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "sindeteno"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "abstino"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "pidättäytyminen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "abstention"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Enthaltung"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "himan'ut",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "הימנעו f ("
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "tartózkodás"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "abstention"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "astensione"
},
{
"alt": "つつしむこと",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tsutsushimu koto",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "慎むこと"
},
{
"alt": "きんしゅ",
"code": "ja",
"english": "alcohol",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kinshu",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "禁酒"
},
{
"alt": "きけん",
"code": "ja",
"english": "failing to exercise a right",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kiken",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "棄権"
},
{
"alt": "ふさんか",
"code": "ja",
"english": "non-participation",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "fusanka",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "不参加"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "avhold"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "abstynencja"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "abstenção"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "abținere"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vozderžánije",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "воздержа́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vozdéržannostʹ",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "возде́ржанность"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "seachnadh"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "abstención"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "the act of abstaining",
"word": "çekimserlik"
}
],
"word": "abstention"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "abstention",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: abstention",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: abstention"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "abstentiō",
"4": "abstentiōnem"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Late Latin abstentiōnem",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "abstentus"
},
"expansion": "Latin abstentus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Late Latin abstentiōnem, from Latin abstentus, from abstineō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "abstentions",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "abstention f (plural abstentions)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "abstenir"
},
{
"word": "abstinence"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French 3-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French feminine nouns",
"French lemmas",
"French nouns",
"French terms borrowed from Late Latin",
"French terms derived from Late Latin",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"abstention"
],
"links": [
[
"abstention",
"abstention#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ap.stɑ̃.sjɔ̃/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-abstention.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d7/Fr-abstention.ogg/Fr-abstention.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Fr-abstention.ogg"
}
],
"word": "abstention"
}
Download raw JSONL data for abstention meaning in All languages combined (9.1kB)
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "abstention/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms borrowed from French\", \"English terms derived from French\", \"English terms derived from Late Latin\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 2 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"abstention doctrine\"}, {\"word\": \"abstentionism\"}, {\"word\": \"abstentionist\"}, {\"word\": \"abstentious\"}, {\"word\": \"nonabstention\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fr\", \"3\": \"abstention\"}, \"expansion\": \"French abstention\", \"name\": \"bor\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"LL.\", \"3\": \"abstēntiō\"}, \"expansion\": \"Late Latin abstēntiō\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"abstinēō\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"withhold, to abstain\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin abstinēō (“withhold, to abstain”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"First attested in 1521. Borrowed from French abstention, from Late Latin abstēntiō from Latin abstinēō (“withhold, to abstain”)\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"abstentions\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"abstention (countable and uncountable, plural abstentions)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"abstinence\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"The act of restraining oneself.\"], \"links\": [[\"restrain\", \"restrain\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) The act of restraining oneself.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"obsolete\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"abstention from alcohol\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"abstention from sex\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"The act of abstaining or refraining (from).\"], \"links\": [[\"abstain\", \"abstain\"], [\"refrain\", \"refrain\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"There were five abstentions in the vote.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"The act of declining to vote on a particular issue.\"], \"links\": [[\"declining\", \"declining\"], [\"vote\", \"vote\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Non-participation in the political world; as a country avoiding international affairs.\"], \"links\": [[\"Non-participation\", \"non-participation\"], [\"political\", \"political\"], [\"world\", \"world\"], [\"country\", \"country\"], [\"international\", \"international\"], [\"affairs\", \"affairs\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/əbˈstɛn.ʃn̩/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/æbˈstɛn.ʃn̩/\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əbˈstɛn.ʃn̩/\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/æbˈstɛn.t͡ʃn̩/\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əbˈstɛn.t͡ʃn̩/\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-abstention.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/40/En-us-abstention.ogg/En-us-abstention.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/40/En-us-abstention.ogg\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"vǎzdǎržanost\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"word\": \"въздържаност\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"abstenció\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"english\": \"failing to exercise a right\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"qìquán\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"word\": \"棄權 /弃权\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"english\": \"bad habits\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"jièchú\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"word\": \"戒除\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"english\": \"alcohol\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"jièjiǔ\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"word\": \"戒酒\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"english\": \"alcohol\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"jìnjiǔ\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"word\": \"禁酒\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"onthouding\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"abstinentie\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"word\": \"sindeteno\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"word\": \"abstino\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"word\": \"pidättäytyminen\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"abstention\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Enthaltung\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"himan'ut\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"word\": \"הימנעו f (\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"word\": \"tartózkodás\"}, {\"code\": \"ia\", \"lang\": \"Interlingua\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"word\": \"abstention\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"word\": \"astensione\"}, {\"alt\": \"つつしむこと\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"tsutsushimu koto\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"word\": \"慎むこと\"}, {\"alt\": \"きんしゅ\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"english\": \"alcohol\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"kinshu\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"word\": \"禁酒\"}, {\"alt\": \"きけん\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"english\": \"failing to exercise a right\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"kiken\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"word\": \"棄権\"}, {\"alt\": \"ふさんか\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"english\": \"non-participation\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"fusanka\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"word\": \"不参加\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"avhold\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"abstynencja\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"abstenção\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"abținere\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"vozderžánije\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"воздержа́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"vozdéržannostʹ\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"возде́ржанность\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"seachnadh\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"abstención\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"the act of abstaining\", \"word\": \"çekimserlik\"}], \"word\": \"abstention\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "abstention",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (ca09fec and c40eb85). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.