See Kraus on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Kraus"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from German Kraus",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Kraus.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Kraus",
"name": "en-prop"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Kraus matrix"
},
{
"word": "Kraus operator"
},
{
"word": "Kraus' theorem"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A surname"
],
"id": "en-Kraus-en-name-iong5iVh",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
}
],
"word": "Kraus"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "Krausová",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "animate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Kraus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Krausové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Krausa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Krausů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Krausovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Krausům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Krausa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Krausy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Krause",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Krausové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Krausovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Krausech",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Krausem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Krausy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an",
"f": "Krausová"
},
"expansion": "Kraus m anim (female equivalent Krausová)",
"name": "cs-proper noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.an.surname"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"name": "Czech male surnames",
"parents": [
"Male surnames",
"Surnames",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a male surname from German"
],
"id": "en-Kraus-cs-name-oiqhA3Ej",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"cs:Kraus"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkrau̯s]"
}
],
"word": "Kraus"
}
{
"etymology_text": "From kraus (“curly-haired”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Kraus'",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "Kraus",
"raw_tags": [
"with an article"
],
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "Kraus",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Kraus",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Krausens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "surname"
},
"expansion": "Kraus m or f (proper noun, surname, masculine genitive Kraus' or (with an article) Kraus, feminine genitive Kraus, plural Kraus or Krausens)",
"name": "de-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "German surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a surname transferred from the nickname"
],
"id": "en-Kraus-de-name-RsJF~lqk",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "Krause"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"proper-noun",
"surname"
]
}
],
"word": "Kraus"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "Krausová",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sk-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nominative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "Kraus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Kraovia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "Kraovci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "genitive",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "Kraa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Kraov",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "Kraovcov",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "dative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "Kraovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Kraom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "Kraovcom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "accusative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "locative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "Kraoch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "Kraovcoch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "instrumental",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "Kraom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Krami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "Kraovcami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr",
"f": "Krausová"
},
"expansion": "Kraus m pers (female equivalent Krausová)",
"name": "sk-proper noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr",
"t": "surn"
},
"name": "sk-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Slovak entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"name": "Slovak male surnames",
"parents": [
"Male surnames",
"Surnames",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Slovak surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Slovak terms with declension chlap",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a male surname from German"
],
"id": "en-Kraus-sk-name-oiqhA3Ej",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkraus]"
}
],
"word": "Kraus"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "Krausová",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "animate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Kraus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Krausové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Krausa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Krausů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Krausovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Krausům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Krausa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Krausy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Krause",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Krausové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Krausovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Krausech",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Krausem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Krausy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an",
"f": "Krausová"
},
"expansion": "Kraus m anim (female equivalent Krausová)",
"name": "cs-proper noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.an.surname"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Czech animate nouns",
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech hard masculine animate nouns",
"Czech lemmas",
"Czech male surnames",
"Czech male surnames from German",
"Czech masculine animate nouns",
"Czech masculine nouns",
"Czech proper nouns",
"Czech surnames",
"Czech surnames from German",
"Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"a male surname from German"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"cs:Kraus"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkrau̯s]"
}
],
"word": "Kraus"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "Kraus matrix"
},
{
"word": "Kraus operator"
},
{
"word": "Kraus' theorem"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Kraus"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from German Kraus",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Kraus.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Kraus",
"name": "en-prop"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English surnames",
"English terms borrowed from German",
"English terms derived from German",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"A surname"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
}
],
"word": "Kraus"
}
{
"etymology_text": "From kraus (“curly-haired”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Kraus'",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "Kraus",
"raw_tags": [
"with an article"
],
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "Kraus",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Kraus",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Krausens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "surname"
},
"expansion": "Kraus m or f (proper noun, surname, masculine genitive Kraus' or (with an article) Kraus, feminine genitive Kraus, plural Kraus or Krausens)",
"name": "de-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"word": "Krause"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German feminine nouns",
"German lemmas",
"German masculine nouns",
"German nouns with multiple genders",
"German proper nouns",
"German surnames",
"German surnames from nicknames",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"a surname transferred from the nickname"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"proper-noun",
"surname"
]
}
],
"word": "Kraus"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "Krausová",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sk-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nominative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "Kraus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Kraovia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "Kraovci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "genitive",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "Kraa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Kraov",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "Kraovcov",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "dative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "Kraovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Kraom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "Kraovcom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "accusative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "locative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "Kraoch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "Kraovcoch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "instrumental",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "Kraom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Krami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "Kraovcami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr",
"f": "Krausová"
},
"expansion": "Kraus m pers (female equivalent Krausová)",
"name": "sk-proper noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr",
"t": "surn"
},
"name": "sk-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Slovak entries with incorrect language header",
"Slovak lemmas",
"Slovak male surnames",
"Slovak male surnames from German",
"Slovak masculine nouns",
"Slovak personal nouns",
"Slovak proper nouns",
"Slovak surnames",
"Slovak surnames from German",
"Slovak terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Slovak terms with declension chlap"
],
"glosses": [
"a male surname from German"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkraus]"
}
],
"word": "Kraus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Kraus meaning in All languages combined (6.4kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/2447",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT Slovak is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: nominative",
"path": [
"Kraus"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Kraus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Slovak is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: nominative, style: background:#eff7ff////td",
"path": [
"Kraus"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Kraus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2447",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT Slovak is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: genitive",
"path": [
"Kraus"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Kraus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Slovak is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: genitive, style: background:#eff7ff////td",
"path": [
"Kraus"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Kraus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2447",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT Slovak is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: dative",
"path": [
"Kraus"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Kraus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Slovak is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: dative, style: background:#eff7ff////td",
"path": [
"Kraus"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Kraus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2447",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT Slovak is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: accusative",
"path": [
"Kraus"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Kraus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Slovak is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: accusative, style: background:#eff7ff////td",
"path": [
"Kraus"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Kraus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2447",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT Slovak is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: locative",
"path": [
"Kraus"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Kraus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Slovak is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: locative, style: background:#eff7ff////td",
"path": [
"Kraus"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Kraus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2447",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT Slovak is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: instrumental",
"path": [
"Kraus"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Kraus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Slovak is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: instrumental, style: background:#eff7ff////td",
"path": [
"Kraus"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Kraus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'plural 1'",
"path": [
"Kraus"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Kraus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'plural 2'",
"path": [
"Kraus"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Kraus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for nominative",
"path": [
"Kraus"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Kraus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for genitive",
"path": [
"Kraus"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Kraus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for dative",
"path": [
"Kraus"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Kraus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for accusative",
"path": [
"Kraus"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Kraus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for locative",
"path": [
"Kraus"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Kraus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for instrumental",
"path": [
"Kraus"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Kraus",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (95d2be1 and 64224ec). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.