See Fries on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for Fries meaning in All languages combined (19.0kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Friesland"
},
"expansion": "Friesland",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "friche",
"4": "",
"5": "fallow land"
},
"expansion": "French friche (“fallow land”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The town was named after a prominent cotton-mill owner, Francis Henry Fries. The surname is converged from both Friesland and French friche (“fallow land”), found in Swiss French.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Fries",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A surname."
],
"id": "en-Fries-en-name-EMUC1F3L",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Virginia, USA",
"orig": "en:Places in Virginia, USA",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in the United States",
"orig": "en:Places in the United States",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Towns in Virginia, USA",
"orig": "en:Towns in Virginia, USA",
"parents": [
"Towns",
"Places",
"Polities",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Towns in the United States",
"orig": "en:Towns in the United States",
"parents": [
"Towns",
"Places",
"Polities",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A town in Virginia."
],
"id": "en-Fries-en-name-hwMlYwB7",
"links": [
[
"Virginia",
"Virginia#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɹiːz/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːz"
},
{
"homophone": "frees"
},
{
"homophone": "frieze"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-freeze.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8b/En-us-freeze.ogg/En-us-freeze.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/En-us-freeze.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Swiss French"
],
"word": "Fries"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "Friese"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch Friese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "Vriese"
},
"expansion": "Vriese",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "Vrese"
},
"expansion": "Vrese",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*Frieso"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *Frieso",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "osx",
"3": "*Frēso"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon *Frēso",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ofs",
"3": "Frēsa"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian Frēsa",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "Frīsa"
},
"expansion": "Frīsa",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "Fries"
},
"expansion": "Fries",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*frisaz",
"t": "curly, frizzy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *frisaz (“curly, frizzy”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Frisii"
},
"expansion": "Latin Frisii",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "de Vries"
},
"expansion": "de Vries",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch Friese, but also Vriese, Vrese, from Old Dutch *Frieso, probably via Old Saxon *Frēso. Borrowed and re-borrowed, at varying times in history, from Old Frisian Frēsa, Frīsa (modern West Frisian Fries). Probably ultimately from Proto-Germanic *frisaz (“curly, frizzy”), named for their curly hair. Also compare Latin Frisii.\nInitial v- is expected from natural development from Old Dutch, in which voicing of initial f- to v- occurs naturally. The modern form with f- is probably influenced by the Frisian endonym. However, the original voiced consonant is retained in the common surname de Vries.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Friezen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Friesje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "Friese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "-zen",
"3": "Friesje",
"f": "Friese"
},
"expansion": "Fries m (plural Friezen, diminutive Friesje n, feminine Friese)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Fries"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Germanic tribes",
"orig": "nl:Germanic tribes",
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"Tribes",
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"History of Europe",
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"People",
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],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 17 10 24 12 21 6",
"kind": "topical",
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"name": "Demonyms",
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],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 18 14 21 15 17 1",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Germany",
"orig": "nl:Germany",
"parents": [
"Europe",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
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],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a Frisian, member of a Germanic people (both the modern people and the ancient Frisii); a speaker of one of the Frisian languages"
],
"id": "en-Fries-nl-noun-65x6aeC2",
"links": [
[
"Frisian",
"Frisian"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 12 10 19 13 24 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 7 13 11 13 29 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch terms suffixed with -s",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 17 10 24 12 21 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Demonyms",
"orig": "nl:Demonyms",
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],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 18 14 21 15 17 1",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Germany",
"orig": "nl:Germany",
"parents": [
"Europe",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "31 40 29",
"word": "de Vries"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 40 29",
"word": "Friesland"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 40 29",
"word": "Vriezenveen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a West Frisian specifically; a speaker of the West Frisian language"
],
"id": "en-Fries-nl-noun-lFq35aXS",
"links": [
[
"West Frisian",
"West Frisian"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "31 40 29",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "Vries"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Short form for various names relating to Friesland or Frisians, such as the bovine race."
],
"id": "en-Fries-nl-noun-rw~E-eVo",
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfris/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-is"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-Fries.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/Nl-Fries.ogg/Nl-Fries.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Nl-Fries.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "Fries"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "Fries",
"3": "s"
},
"expansion": "Fries + -s",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Fries + -s.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Frieser",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "meest Fries",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "Friest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-decl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Fries",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"positive",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "Frieser",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"comparative",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "het Friest",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"predicative",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "het Frieste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"predicative",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "Friese",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Friesere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Frieste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "Fries",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Frieser",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Frieste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "Friese",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "Friesere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Frieste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "Friese",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "Friesere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "Frieste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "Fries",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "Friesers",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Fries (comparative Frieser, superlative meest Fries or Friest)",
"name": "nl-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
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],
"inflection_templates": [
{
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],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "adj",
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{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 17 10 24 12 21 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Demonyms",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
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"links": [
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]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 17 10 24 12 21 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
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],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 27 9 15 10 18 12",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Friesland, Netherlands",
"orig": "nl:Friesland, Netherlands",
"parents": [
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"Europe",
"Earth",
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"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 18 14 21 15 17 1",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Germany",
"orig": "nl:Germany",
"parents": [
"Europe",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"word": "Friese ruiter"
}
],
"glosses": [
"West Frisian specifically (of the Frisian part of the Netherlands)"
],
"id": "en-Fries-nl-adj-O-ana7Uy",
"links": [
[
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"West Frisian"
],
[
"Netherlands",
"Netherlands"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "Friesch"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "Vriesch"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfris/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-is"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-Fries.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/Nl-Fries.ogg/Nl-Fries.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Nl-Fries.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "Fries"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"word": "Noordfries"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"word": "Oostfries"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"word": "Oosterlauwers Fries"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"word": "Westfries"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"word": "Westerlauwers Fries"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
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"2": "Fries",
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"expansion": "Fries + -s",
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],
"etymology_text": "From Fries + -s.",
"head_templates": [
{
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"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "Fries n",
"name": "nl-proper noun"
}
],
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],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "name",
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{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 17 10 24 12 21 6",
"kind": "topical",
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{
"_dis": "13 18 14 21 15 17 1",
"kind": "place",
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"orig": "nl:Germany",
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"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-Fries-nl-name-Y8xFzTlM",
"links": [
[
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],
"tags": [
"neuter"
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},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 17 10 24 12 21 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 21 7 34 7 21 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Languages",
"orig": "nl:Languages",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 18 14 21 15 17 1",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Germany",
"orig": "nl:Germany",
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"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"specifically, West Frisian"
],
"id": "en-Fries-nl-name-xajn0PiA",
"links": [
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"West Frisian"
]
],
"tags": [
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}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfris/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-is"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-Fries.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/Nl-Fries.ogg/Nl-Fries.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Nl-Fries.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "Fries"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "fr",
"3": "frise",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "French frise",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "fr",
"3": "frise"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French frise",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
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"2": "it",
"3": "fris",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Italian fris f",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French frise, from an Upper Italian fris f.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Frieses",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Friese",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Fries",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Friese",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Frieses",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Friese",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Fries",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Friese",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Friesen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Fries",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Friese",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "Fries m (strong, genitive Frieses, plural Friese)",
"name": "de-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Architectural elements",
"orig": "de:Architectural elements",
"parents": [
"Architecture",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"frieze (sculptured or richly ornamented band)"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "Akanthusfries"
},
{
"word": "Bandfries"
},
{
"word": "Bilderfries"
},
{
"word": "Bodenfries"
},
{
"word": "Bogenfries"
},
{
"word": "Giebelfries"
},
{
"word": "Kachelfries"
},
{
"word": "Lilienfries"
},
{
"word": "Mittelfries"
},
{
"word": "Palmettenfries"
},
{
"word": "Randfries"
},
{
"word": "Rundbogenfries"
},
{
"word": "Triglyphenfries"
},
{
"word": "Türfries"
},
{
"word": "Wandfries"
},
{
"word": "Zahnfries"
}
],
"id": "en-Fries-de-noun-bfN51Oog",
"links": [
[
"frieze",
"frieze"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"strong"
],
"wikipedia": [
"de:Fries"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-iːs"
},
{
"audio": "De-Fries.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/De-Fries.ogg/De-Fries.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/De-Fries.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "Fries"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "ofs",
"3": "Frīsa"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian Frīsa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "Frēsa"
},
"expansion": "Frēsa",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*frisaz",
"4": "",
"5": "curly, frizzy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *frisaz (“curly, frizzy”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Frisian Frīsa, Frēsa, probably ultimately from Proto-Germanic *frisaz (“curly, frizzy”), named for their curly hair.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Friezen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"10": "{{{pl3}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{dim2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{dim3}}}",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "Friezen",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{pl2}}}",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"f2request": "1",
"f6accel-form": "diminutive",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "Fries c (plural Friezen)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "Friezen"
},
"expansion": "Fries c (plural Friezen)",
"name": "fy-noun"
}
],
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "West Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Frisian person"
],
"id": "en-Fries-fy-noun-2dSZu6D~",
"links": [
[
"Frisian",
"Frisian"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/friə̯s/"
}
],
"word": "Fries"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch adjectives",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch neuter nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch proper nouns",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Frisian",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Saxon",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms suffixed with -s",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Dutch/is",
"nl:Demonyms",
"nl:Friesland, Netherlands",
"nl:Germany",
"nl:Languages"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "de Vries"
},
{
"word": "Friesland"
},
{
"word": "Vriezenveen"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "Friese"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch Friese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "Vriese"
},
"expansion": "Vriese",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "Vrese"
},
"expansion": "Vrese",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*Frieso"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *Frieso",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "osx",
"3": "*Frēso"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon *Frēso",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ofs",
"3": "Frēsa"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian Frēsa",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "Frīsa"
},
"expansion": "Frīsa",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "Fries"
},
"expansion": "Fries",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*frisaz",
"t": "curly, frizzy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *frisaz (“curly, frizzy”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Frisii"
},
"expansion": "Latin Frisii",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "de Vries"
},
"expansion": "de Vries",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch Friese, but also Vriese, Vrese, from Old Dutch *Frieso, probably via Old Saxon *Frēso. Borrowed and re-borrowed, at varying times in history, from Old Frisian Frēsa, Frīsa (modern West Frisian Fries). Probably ultimately from Proto-Germanic *frisaz (“curly, frizzy”), named for their curly hair. Also compare Latin Frisii.\nInitial v- is expected from natural development from Old Dutch, in which voicing of initial f- to v- occurs naturally. The modern form with f- is probably influenced by the Frisian endonym. However, the original voiced consonant is retained in the common surname de Vries.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Friezen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Friesje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "Friese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-zen",
"3": "Friesje",
"f": "Friese"
},
"expansion": "Fries m (plural Friezen, diminutive Friesje n, feminine Friese)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Fries"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"nl:Germanic tribes"
],
"glosses": [
"a Frisian, member of a Germanic people (both the modern people and the ancient Frisii); a speaker of one of the Frisian languages"
],
"links": [
[
"Frisian",
"Frisian"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a West Frisian specifically; a speaker of the West Frisian language"
],
"links": [
[
"West Frisian",
"West Frisian"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Short form for various names relating to Friesland or Frisians, such as the bovine race."
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfris/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-is"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-Fries.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/Nl-Fries.ogg/Nl-Fries.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Nl-Fries.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "Vries"
}
],
"word": "Fries"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch adjectives",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch neuter nouns",
"Dutch proper nouns",
"Dutch terms suffixed with -s",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Dutch/is",
"nl:Demonyms",
"nl:Friesland, Netherlands",
"nl:Germany",
"nl:Languages"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Friese ruiter"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "Fries",
"3": "s"
},
"expansion": "Fries + -s",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Fries + -s.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Frieser",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "meest Fries",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "Friest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-decl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Fries",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"positive",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "Frieser",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"comparative",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "het Friest",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"predicative",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "het Frieste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"predicative",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "Friese",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Friesere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Frieste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "Fries",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Frieser",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Frieste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "Friese",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "Friesere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Frieste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "Friese",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "Friesere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "Frieste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "Fries",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "Friesers",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Fries (comparative Frieser, superlative meest Fries or Friest)",
"name": "nl-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Fries"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "nl-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Frisian (any member of the Frisian people)"
],
"links": [
[
"Frisian",
"Frisian"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"West Frisian specifically (of the Frisian part of the Netherlands)"
],
"links": [
[
"West Frisian",
"West Frisian"
],
[
"Netherlands",
"Netherlands"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfris/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-is"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-Fries.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/Nl-Fries.ogg/Nl-Fries.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Nl-Fries.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "Friesch"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "Vriesch"
}
],
"word": "Fries"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch adjectives",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch neuter nouns",
"Dutch proper nouns",
"Dutch terms suffixed with -s",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Dutch/is",
"nl:Demonyms",
"nl:Friesland, Netherlands",
"nl:Germany",
"nl:Languages"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Noordfries"
},
{
"word": "Oostfries"
},
{
"word": "Oosterlauwers Fries"
},
{
"word": "Westfries"
},
{
"word": "Westerlauwers Fries"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "Fries",
"3": "s"
},
"expansion": "Fries + -s",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Fries + -s.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "Fries n",
"name": "nl-proper noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Fries"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Frisian (any of the Frisian languages)"
],
"links": [
[
"Frisian",
"Frisian"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"specifically, West Frisian"
],
"links": [
[
"West Frisian",
"West Frisian"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfris/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-is"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-Fries.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/Nl-Fries.ogg/Nl-Fries.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Nl-Fries.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "Fries"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Rhymes:English/iːz"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Friesland"
},
"expansion": "Friesland",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "friche",
"4": "",
"5": "fallow land"
},
"expansion": "French friche (“fallow land”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The town was named after a prominent cotton-mill owner, Francis Henry Fries. The surname is converged from both Friesland and French friche (“fallow land”), found in Swiss French.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Fries",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English surnames"
],
"glosses": [
"A surname."
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Places in Virginia, USA",
"en:Places in the United States",
"en:Towns in Virginia, USA",
"en:Towns in the United States"
],
"glosses": [
"A town in Virginia."
],
"links": [
[
"Virginia",
"Virginia#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɹiːz/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːz"
},
{
"homophone": "frees"
},
{
"homophone": "frieze"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-freeze.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8b/En-us-freeze.ogg/En-us-freeze.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/En-us-freeze.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Swiss French"
],
"word": "Fries"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "fr",
"3": "frise",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "French frise",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "fr",
"3": "frise"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French frise",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "it",
"3": "fris",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Italian fris f",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French frise, from an Upper Italian fris f.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Frieses",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Friese",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Fries",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Friese",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Frieses",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Friese",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Fries",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Friese",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Friesen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Fries",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Friese",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "Fries m (strong, genitive Frieses, plural Friese)",
"name": "de-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "Akanthusfries"
},
{
"word": "Bandfries"
},
{
"word": "Bilderfries"
},
{
"word": "Bodenfries"
},
{
"word": "Bogenfries"
},
{
"word": "Giebelfries"
},
{
"word": "Kachelfries"
},
{
"word": "Lilienfries"
},
{
"word": "Mittelfries"
},
{
"word": "Palmettenfries"
},
{
"word": "Randfries"
},
{
"word": "Rundbogenfries"
},
{
"word": "Triglyphenfries"
},
{
"word": "Türfries"
},
{
"word": "Wandfries"
},
{
"word": "Zahnfries"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German masculine nouns",
"German nouns",
"German terms borrowed from French",
"German terms derived from French",
"German terms derived from Italian",
"German terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:German/iːs",
"Rhymes:German/iːs/1 syllable",
"de:Architectural elements"
],
"glosses": [
"frieze (sculptured or richly ornamented band)"
],
"links": [
[
"frieze",
"frieze"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"strong"
],
"wikipedia": [
"de:Fries"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-iːs"
},
{
"audio": "De-Fries.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/De-Fries.ogg/De-Fries.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/De-Fries.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "Fries"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "ofs",
"3": "Frīsa"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian Frīsa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "Frēsa"
},
"expansion": "Frēsa",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*frisaz",
"4": "",
"5": "curly, frizzy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *frisaz (“curly, frizzy”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Frisian Frīsa, Frēsa, probably ultimately from Proto-Germanic *frisaz (“curly, frizzy”), named for their curly hair.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Friezen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"10": "{{{pl3}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{dim2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{dim3}}}",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "Friezen",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{pl2}}}",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"f2request": "1",
"f6accel-form": "diminutive",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "Fries c (plural Friezen)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "Friezen"
},
"expansion": "Fries c (plural Friezen)",
"name": "fy-noun"
}
],
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"West Frisian common-gender nouns",
"West Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
"West Frisian lemmas",
"West Frisian nouns",
"West Frisian terms derived from Old Frisian",
"West Frisian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"West Frisian terms inherited from Old Frisian",
"West Frisian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"Frisian person"
],
"links": [
[
"Frisian",
"Frisian"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/friə̯s/"
}
],
"word": "Fries"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.