See Fels on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "vels"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German vels",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "goh",
"3": "felis"
},
"expansion": "Old High German felis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*falis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *falis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*falisaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *falisaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pels-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pels-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "fjall",
"3": "",
"4": "rock, mountain"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse fjall (“rock, mountain”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πέλλα",
"3": "",
"4": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πέλλα (pélla, “stone”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ail",
"3": "",
"4": "cliff"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish ail (“cliff”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German vels, from Old High German felis, from Proto-West Germanic *falis, from Proto-Germanic *falisaz, from Proto-Indo-European *pels-, *pelis- (“rock, cliff”).\nCompare Old Norse fjall (“rock, mountain”), Ancient Greek πέλλα (pélla, “stone”), Old Irish ail (“cliff”). The variant Felsen emerged from the oblique cases.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Felses",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Felsen",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Felsens",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Felsen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Fels",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Felsen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Felses",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Felsen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Felsens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Felsen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Fels",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Felse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Felsen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Felsen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Fels",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Felsen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Felsen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Felsen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "((<m,,en>,<m,en:ens.weak>))"
},
"expansion": "Fels m (mixed or weak, genitive Felses or Felsen or Felsens, plural Felsen)",
"name": "de-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "((<m,,en>,<m,en:ens.weak>))"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Felsboden"
},
{
"word": "Felsenbein"
},
{
"word": "Felsenblümchen"
},
{
"word": "felsenfest"
},
{
"word": "Felsenhahn"
},
{
"word": "Felsennelke"
},
{
"word": "Felsenspringer"
},
{
"word": "Felsentaube"
},
{
"word": "Felsgestein"
},
{
"word": "felsig"
},
{
"word": "Felsnase"
},
{
"word": "Felsspalt"
},
{
"word": "Felsspalte"
},
{
"word": "Felssporn"
},
{
"word": "Felswand"
},
{
"word": "Granitfels"
},
{
"word": "Vulkanfels"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rock"
],
"id": "en-Fels-de-noun-NQp3DA7J",
"links": [
[
"rock",
"rock"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"mixed",
"weak"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɛls/"
},
{
"audio": "De-Fels.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/De-Fels.ogg/De-Fels.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/De-Fels.ogg"
}
],
"word": "Fels"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pdc",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "vels"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German vels",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pdc",
"2": "goh",
"3": "felis"
},
"expansion": "Old High German felis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pdc",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*falis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *falis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pdc",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*falisaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *falisaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pdc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pels-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pels-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Fels"
},
"expansion": "German Fels",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German vels, from Old High German felis, from Proto-West Germanic *falis, from Proto-Germanic *falisaz, from Proto-Indo-European *pels-, *pelis- (“rock, cliff”). Compare German Fels.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Felse",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pdc",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "Felse",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Fels m (plural Felse)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Pennsylvania German",
"lang_code": "pdc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pennsylvania German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rock"
],
"id": "en-Fels-pdc-noun-NQp3DA7J",
"links": [
[
"rock",
"rock"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "Fels"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "Felsboden"
},
{
"word": "Felsenbein"
},
{
"word": "Felsenblümchen"
},
{
"word": "felsenfest"
},
{
"word": "Felsenhahn"
},
{
"word": "Felsennelke"
},
{
"word": "Felsenspringer"
},
{
"word": "Felsentaube"
},
{
"word": "Felsgestein"
},
{
"word": "felsig"
},
{
"word": "Felsnase"
},
{
"word": "Felsspalt"
},
{
"word": "Felsspalte"
},
{
"word": "Felssporn"
},
{
"word": "Felswand"
},
{
"word": "Granitfels"
},
{
"word": "Vulkanfels"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "vels"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German vels",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "goh",
"3": "felis"
},
"expansion": "Old High German felis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*falis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *falis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*falisaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *falisaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pels-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pels-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "fjall",
"3": "",
"4": "rock, mountain"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse fjall (“rock, mountain”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πέλλα",
"3": "",
"4": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πέλλα (pélla, “stone”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ail",
"3": "",
"4": "cliff"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish ail (“cliff”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German vels, from Old High German felis, from Proto-West Germanic *falis, from Proto-Germanic *falisaz, from Proto-Indo-European *pels-, *pelis- (“rock, cliff”).\nCompare Old Norse fjall (“rock, mountain”), Ancient Greek πέλλα (pélla, “stone”), Old Irish ail (“cliff”). The variant Felsen emerged from the oblique cases.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Felses",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Felsen",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Felsens",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Felsen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Fels",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Felsen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Felses",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Felsen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Felsens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Felsen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Fels",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Felse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Felsen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Felsen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Fels",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Felsen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Felsen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Felsen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "((<m,,en>,<m,en:ens.weak>))"
},
"expansion": "Fels m (mixed or weak, genitive Felses or Felsen or Felsens, plural Felsen)",
"name": "de-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "((<m,,en>,<m,en:ens.weak>))"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German masculine nouns",
"German mixed nouns",
"German nouns",
"German terms derived from Middle High German",
"German terms derived from Old High German",
"German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"German terms inherited from Middle High German",
"German terms inherited from Old High German",
"German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"German weak nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"rock"
],
"links": [
[
"rock",
"rock"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"mixed",
"weak"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɛls/"
},
{
"audio": "De-Fels.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/De-Fels.ogg/De-Fels.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/De-Fels.ogg"
}
],
"word": "Fels"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pdc",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "vels"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German vels",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pdc",
"2": "goh",
"3": "felis"
},
"expansion": "Old High German felis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "gmw-pro",
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},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *falis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *falisaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pdc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pels-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pels-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Fels"
},
"expansion": "German Fels",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German vels, from Old High German felis, from Proto-West Germanic *falis, from Proto-Germanic *falisaz, from Proto-Indo-European *pels-, *pelis- (“rock, cliff”). Compare German Fels.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Felse",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pdc",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "Felse",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Fels m (plural Felse)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Pennsylvania German",
"lang_code": "pdc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pennsylvania German entries with incorrect language header",
"Pennsylvania German lemmas",
"Pennsylvania German masculine nouns",
"Pennsylvania German nouns",
"Pennsylvania German terms derived from Middle High German",
"Pennsylvania German terms derived from Old High German",
"Pennsylvania German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Pennsylvania German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pennsylvania German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pennsylvania German terms inherited from Middle High German",
"Pennsylvania German terms inherited from Old High German",
"Pennsylvania German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Pennsylvania German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic"
],
"glosses": [
"rock"
],
"links": [
[
"rock",
"rock"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "Fels"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Fels meaning in All languages combined (6.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (b81b832 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.