"Duch" meaning in All languages combined

See Duch on Wiktionary

Noun [Central Franconian]

IPA: /duːx/ Forms: Diecher [plural], Diechelche [diminutive]
Etymology: From Middle High German tuoch, from Old High German (*)duoh, northern variant of tuoh, from Proto-West Germanic *dōk. Cognate with German Tuch (“cloth; towel”), Dutch doek (“cloth”), Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”), English duck (“canvas”). Etymology templates: {{dercat|gmw-cfr|gem-pro|inh=1}}, {{inh|gmw-cfr|gmh|tuoch}} Middle High German tuoch, {{inh|gmw-cfr|goh||(*)duoh}} Old High German (*)duoh, {{inh|gmw-cfr|gmw-pro|*dōk}} Proto-West Germanic *dōk, {{cog|de|Tuch||cloth; towel}} German Tuch (“cloth; towel”), {{cog|nl|doek||cloth}} Dutch doek (“cloth”), {{cog|da|dug||cloth; tablecloth}} Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”), {{noncog|en|duck|t=canvas}} English duck (“canvas”) Head templates: {{head|gmw-cfr|noun|plural|Diecher|diminutive|Diechelche|g=n}} Duch n (plural Diecher, diminutive Diechelche)
  1. (most dialects of Moselle Franconian) cloth Tags: neuter Synonyms: Duuch [alternative], Doch, Dooch [Ripuarian]

Proper name [Czech]

IPA: [ˈdux]
Etymology: Shortened from the Old Czech personal name Duchoslav, from duch (“spirit”) + sláva (“fame, glory”). Etymology templates: {{der|cs|zlw-ocs|-}} Old Czech Head templates: {{cs-proper noun|m-an|f=Duchová}} Duch m anim (female equivalent Duchová) Inflection templates: {{cs-ndecl|m.an.surname}} Forms: Duchová [feminine], animate [table-tags], Duch [nominative, singular], Duchové [nominative, plural], Ducha [genitive, singular], Duchů [genitive, plural], Duchovi [dative, singular], Duchům [dative, plural], Ducha [accusative, singular], Duchy [accusative, plural], Duchu [singular, vocative], Duchové [plural, vocative], Duchovi [locative, singular], Duších [locative, plural], Duchem [instrumental, singular], Duchy [instrumental, plural]
  1. a male surname Tags: animate, masculine Categories (topical): Czech male surnames
    Sense id: en-Duch-cs-name-IRlLAcDj Categories (other): Czech entries with incorrect language header, Czech surnames, Pages with 6 entries, Pages with entries, Pages with 6 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with 6 entries: 28 37 0 2 2 8 18 3 3 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 28 37 0 1 1 9 19 2 2

Noun [Luxembourgish]

IPA: /duχ/ Forms: Dicher [plural], Dichelchen [diminutive]
Rhymes: -uχ Etymology: From Middle High German tuoch, from Old High German (*)duoh, northern variant of tuoh, from Proto-West Germanic *dōk. Cognate with German Tuch (“cloth; towel”), Dutch doek (“cloth”), Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”), English duck (“canvas”). Etymology templates: {{dercat|lb|gem-pro|inh=1}}, {{inh|lb|gmh|tuoch}} Middle High German tuoch, {{inh|lb|goh||(*)duoh}} Old High German (*)duoh, {{inh|lb|gmw-pro|*dōk}} Proto-West Germanic *dōk, {{cog|de|Tuch||cloth; towel}} German Tuch (“cloth; towel”), {{cog|nl|doek||cloth}} Dutch doek (“cloth”), {{cog|da|dug||cloth; tablecloth}} Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”), {{noncog|en|duck|t=canvas}} English duck (“canvas”) Head templates: {{lb-noun|n|Dicher|dim=Dichelchen}} Duch n (plural Dicher, diminutive Dichelchen)
  1. cloth Tags: neuter
    Sense id: en-Duch-lb-noun-1uKP-zsZ
  2. towel Tags: neuter
    Sense id: en-Duch-lb-noun-EMpQqKcU Categories (other): Luxembourgish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Luxembourgish entries with incorrect language header: 18 82
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: Buedduch, Dëschelduch, Handduch, Läinduch

Adjective [Middle English]

IPA: /dutʃ/, /diu̯tʃ/
Etymology: PIE word *tewtéh₂ From Middle Dutch duutsch and Middle Low German dütsch, düdesch, in turn from Old Saxon thiudisk. Doublet of thedisch. Etymology templates: {{PIE word|enm|tewtéh₂}} PIE word *tewtéh₂, {{dercat|enm|gmw-pro|gem-pro}}, {{der|enm|dum|duutsch}} Middle Dutch duutsch, {{der|enm|gml|dütsch}} Middle Low German dütsch, {{der|enm|osx|thiudisk}} Old Saxon thiudisk, {{doublet|enm|thedisch}} Doublet of thedisch Head templates: {{head|enm|adjective}} Duch
  1. German, Dutch
    Sense id: en-Duch-enm-adj-wUXozcLx
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: Duche, Deuche, Dusche, Dewche, Dowche, duch, duche, deuche, dusche

Noun [Middle English]

IPA: /dutʃ/, /diu̯tʃ/
Etymology: PIE word *tewtéh₂ From Middle Dutch duutsch and Middle Low German dütsch, düdesch, in turn from Old Saxon thiudisk. Doublet of thedisch. Etymology templates: {{PIE word|enm|tewtéh₂}} PIE word *tewtéh₂, {{dercat|enm|gmw-pro|gem-pro}}, {{der|enm|dum|duutsch}} Middle Dutch duutsch, {{der|enm|gml|dütsch}} Middle Low German dütsch, {{der|enm|osx|thiudisk}} Old Saxon thiudisk, {{doublet|enm|thedisch}} Doublet of thedisch Head templates: {{head|enm|noun}} Duch
  1. German, Low German, Dutch (languages) Categories (topical): Demonyms, Languages, Nationalities Categories (place): Europe Derived forms: Duchish
    Sense id: en-Duch-enm-noun-5cS5n4zj Disambiguation of Demonyms: 9 91 Disambiguation of Languages: 3 97 Disambiguation of Nationalities: 8 92 Disambiguation of Europe: 18 82 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 12 88
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: Duche, Deuche, Dusche, Dewche, Dowche, duch, duche, deuche, dusche

Noun [Pennsylvania German]

Forms: Dicher [plural]
Etymology: From Middle High German tuoch, from Old High German (*)duoh, northern variant of tuoh, from Proto-West Germanic *dōk, from Proto-Germanic *dōkaz. Cognate with German Tuch (“cloth; towel”), Dutch doek (“cloth”), Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”), English duck (“canvas”). Etymology templates: {{inh|pdc|gmh|tuoch}} Middle High German tuoch, {{inh|pdc|goh||(*)duoh}} Old High German (*)duoh, {{inh|pdc|gmw-pro|*dōk}} Proto-West Germanic *dōk, {{inh|pdc|gem-pro|*dōkaz}} Proto-Germanic *dōkaz, {{cog|de|Tuch||cloth; towel}} German Tuch (“cloth; towel”), {{cog|nl|doek||cloth}} Dutch doek (“cloth”), {{cog|da|dug||cloth; tablecloth}} Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”), {{noncog|en|duck|t=canvas}} English duck (“canvas”) Head templates: {{head|pdc|noun|plural|Dicher|g=n}} Duch n (plural Dicher)
  1. cloth, handkerchief Tags: neuter Derived forms: Dellerduch, Halsduch

Proper name [Polish]

IPA: /ˈdux/
Rhymes: -ux Etymology: From duch. Head templates: {{pl-prop|m-pr}} Duch m pers Inflection templates: {{pl-decl-noun-m-pr|nomp=Duchowie}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], Duch [nominative, singular], Duchowie [nominative, plural], Ducha [genitive, singular], Duchów [genitive, plural], Duchowi [dative, singular], Duchom [dative, plural], Ducha [accusative, singular], Duchów [accusative, plural], Duchem [instrumental, singular], Duchami [instrumental, plural], Duchu [locative, singular], Duchach [locative, plural], Duchu [singular, vocative], Duchowie [plural, vocative]
  1. a male surname Tags: masculine, person Categories (topical): Polish male surnames
    Sense id: en-Duch-pl-name-IRlLAcDj Categories (other): Polish surnames, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish links with manual fragments, Polish links with redundant alt parameters, Polish links with redundant wikilinks Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 50 50 Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 50 50 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant alt parameters: 50 50 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant wikilinks: 50 50

Proper name [Polish]

IPA: /ˈdux/
Rhymes: -ux Etymology: From duch. Head templates: {{pl-prop|f|indecl=1}} Duch f (indeclinable)
  1. a female surname Tags: feminine, indeclinable Categories (topical): Polish female surnames
    Sense id: en-Duch-pl-name-yitEyztR Categories (other): Polish surnames, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish links with manual fragments, Polish links with redundant alt parameters, Polish links with redundant wikilinks Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 50 50 Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 50 50 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant alt parameters: 50 50 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant wikilinks: 50 50

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-cfr",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-cfr",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "tuoch"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German tuoch",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-cfr",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "",
        "4": "(*)duoh"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German (*)duoh",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-cfr",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*dōk"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dōk",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Tuch",
        "3": "",
        "4": "cloth; towel"
      },
      "expansion": "German Tuch (“cloth; towel”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "doek",
        "3": "",
        "4": "cloth"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch doek (“cloth”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "dug",
        "3": "",
        "4": "cloth; tablecloth"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "duck",
        "t": "canvas"
      },
      "expansion": "English duck (“canvas”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle High German tuoch, from Old High German (*)duoh, northern variant of tuoh, from Proto-West Germanic *dōk.\nCognate with German Tuch (“cloth; towel”), Dutch doek (“cloth”), Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”), English duck (“canvas”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Diecher",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Diechelche",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-cfr",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "plural",
        "4": "Diecher",
        "5": "diminutive",
        "6": "Diechelche",
        "g": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "Duch n (plural Diecher, diminutive Diechelche)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Central Franconian",
  "lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Central Franconian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Moselle Franconian",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 6 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cloth"
      ],
      "id": "en-Duch-gmw-cfr-noun-1uKP-zsZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "cloth",
          "cloth"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(most dialects of Moselle Franconian) cloth"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "alternative"
          ],
          "word": "Duuch"
        },
        {
          "word": "Doch"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Ripuarian"
          ],
          "word": "Dooch"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/duːx/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Duch"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "zlw-ocs",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Czech",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Shortened from the Old Czech personal name Duchoslav, from duch (“spirit”) + sláva (“fame, glory”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Duchová",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "animate",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cs-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duch",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchové",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Ducha",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchů",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchovi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchům",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Ducha",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchové",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchovi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duších",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-an",
        "f": "Duchová"
      },
      "expansion": "Duch m anim (female equivalent Duchová)",
      "name": "cs-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m.an.surname"
      },
      "name": "cs-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Czech",
  "lang_code": "cs",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "name": "Czech male surnames",
          "parents": [
            "Male surnames",
            "Surnames",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Czech surnames",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 6 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 37 0 2 2 8 18 3 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 6 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 37 0 1 1 9 19 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a male surname"
      ],
      "id": "en-Duch-cs-name-IRlLAcDj",
      "links": [
        [
          "surname",
          "surname"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "animate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈdux]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Duch"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Buedduch"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Dëschelduch"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Handduch"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Läinduch"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lb",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lb",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "tuoch"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German tuoch",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lb",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "",
        "4": "(*)duoh"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German (*)duoh",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lb",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*dōk"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dōk",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Tuch",
        "3": "",
        "4": "cloth; towel"
      },
      "expansion": "German Tuch (“cloth; towel”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "doek",
        "3": "",
        "4": "cloth"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch doek (“cloth”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "dug",
        "3": "",
        "4": "cloth; tablecloth"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "duck",
        "t": "canvas"
      },
      "expansion": "English duck (“canvas”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle High German tuoch, from Old High German (*)duoh, northern variant of tuoh, from Proto-West Germanic *dōk.\nCognate with German Tuch (“cloth; towel”), Dutch doek (“cloth”), Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”), English duck (“canvas”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Dicher",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Dichelchen",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "2": "Dicher",
        "dim": "Dichelchen"
      },
      "expansion": "Duch n (plural Dicher, diminutive Dichelchen)",
      "name": "lb-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Luxembourgish",
  "lang_code": "lb",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "cloth"
      ],
      "id": "en-Duch-lb-noun-1uKP-zsZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "cloth",
          "cloth"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "18 82",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Luxembourgish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "towel"
      ],
      "id": "en-Duch-lb-noun-EMpQqKcU",
      "links": [
        [
          "towel",
          "towel"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/duχ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-uχ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Duch"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "tewtéh₂"
      },
      "expansion": "PIE word\n *tewtéh₂",
      "name": "PIE word"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "gem-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "duutsch"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch duutsch",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gml",
        "3": "dütsch"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German dütsch",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "osx",
        "3": "thiudisk"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon thiudisk",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "thedisch"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of thedisch",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "PIE word\n *tewtéh₂\nFrom Middle Dutch duutsch and Middle Low German dütsch, düdesch, in turn from Old Saxon thiudisk. Doublet of thedisch.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "Duch",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "German language",
          "text": "Duche tonge",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "German, Dutch"
      ],
      "id": "en-Duch-enm-adj-wUXozcLx",
      "links": [
        [
          "German",
          "German"
        ],
        [
          "Dutch",
          "Dutch"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/dutʃ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/diu̯tʃ/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Duche"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Deuche"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Dusche"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Dewche"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Dowche"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "duch"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "duche"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "deuche"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "dusche"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Duch"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "Dutch"
          },
          "expansion": "English: Dutch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: Dutch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "Dutch"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: Dutch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: Dutch"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "tewtéh₂"
      },
      "expansion": "PIE word\n *tewtéh₂",
      "name": "PIE word"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "gem-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "duutsch"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch duutsch",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gml",
        "3": "dütsch"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German dütsch",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "osx",
        "3": "thiudisk"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon thiudisk",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "thedisch"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of thedisch",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "PIE word\n *tewtéh₂\nFrom Middle Dutch duutsch and Middle Low German dütsch, düdesch, in turn from Old Saxon thiudisk. Doublet of thedisch.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "Duch",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "12 88",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 91",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Demonyms",
          "orig": "enm:Demonyms",
          "parents": [
            "Names",
            "People",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 97",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Languages",
          "orig": "enm:Languages",
          "parents": [
            "Language",
            "Names",
            "Communication",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 92",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Nationalities",
          "orig": "enm:Nationalities",
          "parents": [
            "Demonyms",
            "People",
            "Names",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 82",
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Europe",
          "orig": "enm:Europe",
          "parents": [
            "Earth",
            "Eurasia",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "Duchish"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "High German",
          "text": "heigher Duche",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Low German",
          "text": "louer Duche",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "German, Low German, Dutch (languages)"
      ],
      "id": "en-Duch-enm-noun-5cS5n4zj",
      "links": [
        [
          "German",
          "German"
        ],
        [
          "Low German",
          "Low German"
        ],
        [
          "Dutch",
          "Dutch"
        ],
        [
          "language",
          "language#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/dutʃ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/diu̯tʃ/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Duche"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Deuche"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Dusche"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Dewche"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Dowche"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "duch"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "duche"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "deuche"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "dusche"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Duch"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pdc",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "tuoch"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German tuoch",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pdc",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "",
        "4": "(*)duoh"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German (*)duoh",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pdc",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*dōk"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dōk",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pdc",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*dōkaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dōkaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Tuch",
        "3": "",
        "4": "cloth; towel"
      },
      "expansion": "German Tuch (“cloth; towel”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "doek",
        "3": "",
        "4": "cloth"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch doek (“cloth”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "dug",
        "3": "",
        "4": "cloth; tablecloth"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "duck",
        "t": "canvas"
      },
      "expansion": "English duck (“canvas”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle High German tuoch, from Old High German (*)duoh, northern variant of tuoh, from Proto-West Germanic *dōk, from Proto-Germanic *dōkaz.\nCognate with German Tuch (“cloth; towel”), Dutch doek (“cloth”), Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”), English duck (“canvas”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Dicher",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pdc",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "plural",
        "4": "Dicher",
        "g": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "Duch n (plural Dicher)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Pennsylvania German",
  "lang_code": "pdc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 6 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pennsylvania German entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "Dellerduch"
        },
        {
          "word": "Halsduch"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cloth, handkerchief"
      ],
      "id": "en-Duch-pdc-noun-SSnhHyB8",
      "links": [
        [
          "cloth",
          "cloth"
        ],
        [
          "handkerchief",
          "handkerchief"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "Duch"
}

{
  "etymology_text": "From duch.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duch",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchowie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Ducha",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchów",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchowi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Ducha",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchów",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchowie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-pr"
      },
      "expansion": "Duch m pers",
      "name": "pl-prop"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "Duch"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "nomp": "Duchowie"
      },
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "name": "Polish male surnames",
          "parents": [
            "Male surnames",
            "Surnames",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish surnames",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a male surname"
      ],
      "id": "en-Duch-pl-name-IRlLAcDj",
      "links": [
        [
          "surname",
          "surname"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈdux/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ux"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "duch"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Duch"
}

{
  "etymology_text": "From duch.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "indecl": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Duch f (indeclinable)",
      "name": "pl-prop"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "Duch"
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "name": "Polish female surnames",
          "parents": [
            "Female surnames",
            "Surnames",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish surnames",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a female surname"
      ],
      "id": "en-Duch-pl-name-yitEyztR",
      "links": [
        [
          "surname",
          "surname"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indeclinable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈdux/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ux"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "duch"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Duch"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-cfr",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-cfr",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "tuoch"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German tuoch",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-cfr",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "",
        "4": "(*)duoh"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German (*)duoh",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-cfr",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*dōk"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dōk",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Tuch",
        "3": "",
        "4": "cloth; towel"
      },
      "expansion": "German Tuch (“cloth; towel”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "doek",
        "3": "",
        "4": "cloth"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch doek (“cloth”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "dug",
        "3": "",
        "4": "cloth; tablecloth"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "duck",
        "t": "canvas"
      },
      "expansion": "English duck (“canvas”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle High German tuoch, from Old High German (*)duoh, northern variant of tuoh, from Proto-West Germanic *dōk.\nCognate with German Tuch (“cloth; towel”), Dutch doek (“cloth”), Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”), English duck (“canvas”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Diecher",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Diechelche",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-cfr",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "plural",
        "4": "Diecher",
        "5": "diminutive",
        "6": "Diechelche",
        "g": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "Duch n (plural Diecher, diminutive Diechelche)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Central Franconian",
  "lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Central Franconian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Central Franconian lemmas",
        "Central Franconian neuter nouns",
        "Central Franconian nouns",
        "Central Franconian terms derived from Middle High German",
        "Central Franconian terms derived from Old High German",
        "Central Franconian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Central Franconian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Central Franconian terms inherited from Middle High German",
        "Central Franconian terms inherited from Old High German",
        "Central Franconian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Central Franconian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Moselle Franconian",
        "Pages with 6 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cloth"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cloth",
          "cloth"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(most dialects of Moselle Franconian) cloth"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/duːx/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ],
      "word": "Duuch"
    },
    {
      "word": "Doch"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Ripuarian"
      ],
      "word": "Dooch"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Duch"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "zlw-ocs",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Czech",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Shortened from the Old Czech personal name Duchoslav, from duch (“spirit”) + sláva (“fame, glory”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Duchová",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "animate",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cs-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duch",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchové",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Ducha",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchů",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchovi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchům",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Ducha",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchové",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchovi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duších",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-an",
        "f": "Duchová"
      },
      "expansion": "Duch m anim (female equivalent Duchová)",
      "name": "cs-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m.an.surname"
      },
      "name": "cs-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Czech",
  "lang_code": "cs",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Czech animate nouns",
        "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
        "Czech lemmas",
        "Czech male surnames",
        "Czech masculine animate nouns",
        "Czech masculine nouns",
        "Czech proper nouns",
        "Czech surnames",
        "Czech terms derived from Old Czech",
        "Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Czech velar-stem masculine animate nouns",
        "Pages with 6 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a male surname"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "surname",
          "surname"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "animate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈdux]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Duch"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Luxembourgish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Luxembourgish lemmas",
    "Luxembourgish neuter nouns",
    "Luxembourgish nouns",
    "Luxembourgish terms derived from Middle High German",
    "Luxembourgish terms derived from Old High German",
    "Luxembourgish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Luxembourgish terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Luxembourgish terms inherited from Middle High German",
    "Luxembourgish terms inherited from Old High German",
    "Luxembourgish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Luxembourgish terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Luxembourgish/uχ",
    "Rhymes:Luxembourgish/uχ/1 syllable"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "Buedduch"
    },
    {
      "word": "Dëschelduch"
    },
    {
      "word": "Handduch"
    },
    {
      "word": "Läinduch"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lb",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lb",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "tuoch"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German tuoch",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lb",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "",
        "4": "(*)duoh"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German (*)duoh",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lb",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*dōk"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dōk",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Tuch",
        "3": "",
        "4": "cloth; towel"
      },
      "expansion": "German Tuch (“cloth; towel”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "doek",
        "3": "",
        "4": "cloth"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch doek (“cloth”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "dug",
        "3": "",
        "4": "cloth; tablecloth"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "duck",
        "t": "canvas"
      },
      "expansion": "English duck (“canvas”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle High German tuoch, from Old High German (*)duoh, northern variant of tuoh, from Proto-West Germanic *dōk.\nCognate with German Tuch (“cloth; towel”), Dutch doek (“cloth”), Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”), English duck (“canvas”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Dicher",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Dichelchen",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "2": "Dicher",
        "dim": "Dichelchen"
      },
      "expansion": "Duch n (plural Dicher, diminutive Dichelchen)",
      "name": "lb-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Luxembourgish",
  "lang_code": "lb",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "cloth"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cloth",
          "cloth"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "towel"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "towel",
          "towel"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/duχ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-uχ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Duch"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adjectives",
    "Middle English doublets",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
    "Middle English terms derived from Middle Low German",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old Saxon",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *tewtéh₂",
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Demonyms",
    "enm:Europe",
    "enm:Languages",
    "enm:Nationalities"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "tewtéh₂"
      },
      "expansion": "PIE word\n *tewtéh₂",
      "name": "PIE word"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "gem-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "duutsch"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch duutsch",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gml",
        "3": "dütsch"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German dütsch",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "osx",
        "3": "thiudisk"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon thiudisk",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "thedisch"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of thedisch",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "PIE word\n *tewtéh₂\nFrom Middle Dutch duutsch and Middle Low German dütsch, düdesch, in turn from Old Saxon thiudisk. Doublet of thedisch.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "Duch",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "German language",
          "text": "Duche tonge",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "German, Dutch"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "German",
          "German"
        ],
        [
          "Dutch",
          "Dutch"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/dutʃ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/diu̯tʃ/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "Duche"
    },
    {
      "word": "Deuche"
    },
    {
      "word": "Dusche"
    },
    {
      "word": "Dewche"
    },
    {
      "word": "Dowche"
    },
    {
      "word": "duch"
    },
    {
      "word": "duche"
    },
    {
      "word": "deuche"
    },
    {
      "word": "dusche"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Duch"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adjectives",
    "Middle English doublets",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
    "Middle English terms derived from Middle Low German",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old Saxon",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *tewtéh₂",
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Demonyms",
    "enm:Europe",
    "enm:Languages",
    "enm:Nationalities"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "Duchish"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "Dutch"
          },
          "expansion": "English: Dutch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: Dutch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "Dutch"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: Dutch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: Dutch"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "tewtéh₂"
      },
      "expansion": "PIE word\n *tewtéh₂",
      "name": "PIE word"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "gem-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "duutsch"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch duutsch",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gml",
        "3": "dütsch"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German dütsch",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "osx",
        "3": "thiudisk"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon thiudisk",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "thedisch"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of thedisch",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "PIE word\n *tewtéh₂\nFrom Middle Dutch duutsch and Middle Low German dütsch, düdesch, in turn from Old Saxon thiudisk. Doublet of thedisch.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "Duch",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "High German",
          "text": "heigher Duche",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Low German",
          "text": "louer Duche",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "German, Low German, Dutch (languages)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "German",
          "German"
        ],
        [
          "Low German",
          "Low German"
        ],
        [
          "Dutch",
          "Dutch"
        ],
        [
          "language",
          "language#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/dutʃ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/diu̯tʃ/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "Duche"
    },
    {
      "word": "Deuche"
    },
    {
      "word": "Dusche"
    },
    {
      "word": "Dewche"
    },
    {
      "word": "Dowche"
    },
    {
      "word": "duch"
    },
    {
      "word": "duche"
    },
    {
      "word": "deuche"
    },
    {
      "word": "dusche"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Duch"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "Dellerduch"
    },
    {
      "word": "Halsduch"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pdc",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "tuoch"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German tuoch",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pdc",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "",
        "4": "(*)duoh"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German (*)duoh",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pdc",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*dōk"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dōk",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pdc",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*dōkaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dōkaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Tuch",
        "3": "",
        "4": "cloth; towel"
      },
      "expansion": "German Tuch (“cloth; towel”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "doek",
        "3": "",
        "4": "cloth"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch doek (“cloth”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "dug",
        "3": "",
        "4": "cloth; tablecloth"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "duck",
        "t": "canvas"
      },
      "expansion": "English duck (“canvas”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle High German tuoch, from Old High German (*)duoh, northern variant of tuoh, from Proto-West Germanic *dōk, from Proto-Germanic *dōkaz.\nCognate with German Tuch (“cloth; towel”), Dutch doek (“cloth”), Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”), English duck (“canvas”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Dicher",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pdc",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "plural",
        "4": "Dicher",
        "g": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "Duch n (plural Dicher)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Pennsylvania German",
  "lang_code": "pdc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 6 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Pennsylvania German entries with incorrect language header",
        "Pennsylvania German lemmas",
        "Pennsylvania German neuter nouns",
        "Pennsylvania German nouns",
        "Pennsylvania German terms derived from Middle High German",
        "Pennsylvania German terms derived from Old High German",
        "Pennsylvania German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Pennsylvania German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Pennsylvania German terms inherited from Middle High German",
        "Pennsylvania German terms inherited from Old High German",
        "Pennsylvania German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Pennsylvania German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cloth, handkerchief"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cloth",
          "cloth"
        ],
        [
          "handkerchief",
          "handkerchief"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "Duch"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Polish 1-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish feminine nouns",
    "Polish indeclinable nouns",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish links with manual fragments",
    "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Polish masculine nouns",
    "Polish personal nouns",
    "Polish proper nouns",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with homophones",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ux",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ux/1 syllable"
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From duch.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duch",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchowie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Ducha",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchów",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchowi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Ducha",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchów",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Duchowie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-pr"
      },
      "expansion": "Duch m pers",
      "name": "pl-prop"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "Duch"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "nomp": "Duchowie"
      },
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish male surnames",
        "Polish surnames"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a male surname"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "surname",
          "surname"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈdux/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ux"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "duch"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Duch"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Polish 1-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish feminine nouns",
    "Polish indeclinable nouns",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish links with manual fragments",
    "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Polish masculine nouns",
    "Polish personal nouns",
    "Polish proper nouns",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with homophones",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ux",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ux/1 syllable"
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From duch.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "indecl": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Duch f (indeclinable)",
      "name": "pl-prop"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "Duch"
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish female surnames",
        "Polish surnames"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a female surname"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "surname",
          "surname"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indeclinable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈdux/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ux"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "duch"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Duch"
}

Download raw JSONL data for Duch meaning in All languages combined (17.8kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: most dialects of Moselle Franconian",
  "path": [
    "Duch"
  ],
  "section": "Central Franconian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "Duch",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: most dialects of Moselle Franconian",
  "path": [
    "Duch"
  ],
  "section": "Central Franconian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "Duch",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.