See -lings on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-linges"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -linges",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-ling",
"pos": "adverbial suffix"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -ling (adverbial suffix)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ling",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "-ling + -s",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-lings",
"pos": "adverbial suffix"
},
"expansion": "Dutch -lings (adverbial suffix)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-lings"
},
"expansion": "German -lings",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -linges, variant (with genitive -es) of Middle English -ling (adverbial suffix), equivalent to -ling + -s. Compare Dutch -lings (adverbial suffix), German -lings.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-lings",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-lings",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -s",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forming adverbs, generally of condition or situation"
],
"id": "en--lings-en-suffix-BvDhmcNF",
"raw_glosses": [
"(now UK dialectal) forming adverbs, generally of condition or situation"
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-lings"
}
{
"etymology_text": "The suffix is a combination of the suffix -ling and the adverb-forming -s.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adverb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-lings",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "blindelings"
},
{
"word": "kruiselings"
},
{
"word": "rakelings"
},
{
"word": "ruggelings"
},
{
"word": "schrijlings"
},
{
"word": "zijdelings"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He ducked away sideways.",
"text": "Hij dook zijdelings weg.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"describes a manner in which an action proceeds as defined by root to which it is added, both as adverb and as adjective"
],
"id": "en--lings-nl-suffix-BiSCDT6X",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Nl--lings.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/Nl--lings.ogg/Nl--lings.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/Nl--lings.ogg"
}
],
"word": "-lings"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "-lingen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German -lingen",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "goh",
"3": "lingūn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German lingūn",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gml",
"3": "-linges"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German -linges",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German -lingen, from Old High German lingūn. The modern form with -s is of Central and Low German origin; compare Middle Low German -linges.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adverb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-lings",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Bauch (“abdomen, belly”) + -lings → bäuchlings (“on one’s belly”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "blind (“blind”) + -lings → blindlings (“blindly, hastily, pell-mell”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Ritt (“ride”) + -lings → rittlings (“astride, sitting on something like on a mount”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Rücken (“back”) + -lings → rücklings (“on one’s back”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Seite (“side”) + -lings → seitlings (“sideways”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms adverbs that describe the manner of an action, particularly a movement"
],
"id": "en--lings-de-suffix-xE8stHWQ",
"qualifier": "little productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, little productive) forms adverbs that describe the manner of an action, particularly a movement"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lɪŋs/"
},
{
"audio": "De--lings.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/De--lings.ogg/De--lings.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/De--lings.ogg"
}
],
"word": "-lings"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-lings",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-lingur"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite genitive singular of -lingur"
],
"id": "en--lings-is-suffix-eqTNWP2l",
"links": [
[
"-lingur",
"-lingur#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"morpheme",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "-lings"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "blindelings"
},
{
"word": "kruiselings"
},
{
"word": "rakelings"
},
{
"word": "ruggelings"
},
{
"word": "schrijlings"
},
{
"word": "zijdelings"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The suffix is a combination of the suffix -ling and the adverb-forming -s.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adverb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-lings",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch adverb-forming suffixes",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch suffixes",
"Dutch terms with usage examples",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He ducked away sideways.",
"text": "Hij dook zijdelings weg.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"describes a manner in which an action proceeds as defined by root to which it is added, both as adverb and as adjective"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Nl--lings.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/Nl--lings.ogg/Nl--lings.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/Nl--lings.ogg"
}
],
"word": "-lings"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-linges"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -linges",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-ling",
"pos": "adverbial suffix"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -ling (adverbial suffix)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ling",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "-ling + -s",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-lings",
"pos": "adverbial suffix"
},
"expansion": "Dutch -lings (adverbial suffix)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-lings"
},
"expansion": "German -lings",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -linges, variant (with genitive -es) of Middle English -ling (adverbial suffix), equivalent to -ling + -s. Compare Dutch -lings (adverbial suffix), German -lings.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-lings",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-lings",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English dialectal terms",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English suffixes",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -s",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"forming adverbs, generally of condition or situation"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now UK dialectal) forming adverbs, generally of condition or situation"
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-lings"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "-lingen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German -lingen",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "goh",
"3": "lingūn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German lingūn",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gml",
"3": "-linges"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German -linges",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German -lingen, from Old High German lingūn. The modern form with -s is of Central and Low German origin; compare Middle Low German -linges.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adverb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-lings",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"German adverb-forming suffixes",
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German suffixes",
"German terms derived from Middle High German",
"German terms derived from Middle Low German",
"German terms derived from Old High German",
"German terms with rare senses",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Bauch (“abdomen, belly”) + -lings → bäuchlings (“on one’s belly”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "blind (“blind”) + -lings → blindlings (“blindly, hastily, pell-mell”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Ritt (“ride”) + -lings → rittlings (“astride, sitting on something like on a mount”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Rücken (“back”) + -lings → rücklings (“on one’s back”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Seite (“side”) + -lings → seitlings (“sideways”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms adverbs that describe the manner of an action, particularly a movement"
],
"qualifier": "little productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, little productive) forms adverbs that describe the manner of an action, particularly a movement"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lɪŋs/"
},
{
"audio": "De--lings.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/De--lings.ogg/De--lings.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/De--lings.ogg"
}
],
"word": "-lings"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-lings",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic non-lemma forms",
"Icelandic suffix forms",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-lingur"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite genitive singular of -lingur"
],
"links": [
[
"-lingur",
"-lingur#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"morpheme",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "-lings"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -lings meaning in All languages combined (5.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (51d164f and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.