See -lain on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -lain meaning in All languages combined (9.0kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-lainen"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-lainen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-lainen"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -lainen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-lane"
},
"expansion": "Estonian -lane",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "slagh",
"3": "-in",
"id2": "similative",
"lang1": "gmq-osw"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish slagh + -in",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-lainen"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -lainen",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-lainen. Cognates include Finnish -lainen and Estonian -lane.\nThe sense \"kind of\" developed separately, ultimately from a combination of Old Swedish slagh + -in, probably via Finnish -lainen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-decl/kärpäin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "1/kärpäin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-lain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laiset",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laista",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisees",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisiis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laiselle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laiseel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisiil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laiselt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laiseks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisenna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laiseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisinna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisent",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "front vowel variant",
"4": "-läin"
},
"expansion": "-lain (front vowel variant -läin)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-läin"
},
"expansion": "-lain (front vowel variant -läin)",
"name": "izh-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 25 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ižorat (“Ingrians”) + -lain → ižoralain (“Ingrian”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form ethnonyms from plural ethnonyms and names of locations."
],
"id": "en--lain-izh-suffix-YbhdTtQq",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 25 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 40 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ingrian terms suffixed with -in (similative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "api (“help”) + -lain → apilain (“helper”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form nouns for people that are charactarised by the suffixed noun."
],
"id": "en--lain-izh-suffix-Bzpop2~U",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 25 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "yks (“one, same”) + -lain → yhenlain (“similar”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adjectives indicating a smaller degree of a quality; kind of"
],
"id": "en--lain-izh-suffix-WyyeEcxe",
"links": [
[
"kind of",
"kind of"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-lɑi̯ne/",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-ɫɑi̯n]",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-lɑi̯n/",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-ɫɑi̯n]",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
}
],
"word": "-lain"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-lainen"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-lainen",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-lainen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "vot-decl/sinin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "XII/sinin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-lain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizõd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizijõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laissõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizitõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizõsõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizisõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizõz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laiziz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizõssõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizissõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizõlõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizilõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizõllõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizillõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizõltõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laiziltõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizõssi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizissi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "^(*)) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nominative",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "^(**)) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "the genitive.",
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "^(***)) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.",
"source": "inflection"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "suffixes",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-lain",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"suff": "1"
},
"expansion": "-lain",
"name": "vot-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Votic",
"lang_code": "vot",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Votic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Votic sinin-type nominals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "viro (“Estonia”) → virolain (“an Estonian person”)"
},
{
"text": "õma (“own”) → õmalain (“relative, ally, one's own people”)"
},
{
"text": "ühsi (“one”) → ühsilain (“lonely person”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns with the meaning of \"inhabitant\", or agent nouns that have the characteristic of the noun that it is derived from"
],
"id": "en--lain-vot-suffix-DU5Wefkg",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-lain"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ingrian lemmas",
"Ingrian suffixes",
"Ingrian terms derived from Old Swedish",
"Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Ingrian terms suffixed with -in (similative)",
"Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-lainen"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-lainen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-lainen"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -lainen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-lane"
},
"expansion": "Estonian -lane",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "slagh",
"3": "-in",
"id2": "similative",
"lang1": "gmq-osw"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish slagh + -in",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-lainen"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -lainen",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-lainen. Cognates include Finnish -lainen and Estonian -lane.\nThe sense \"kind of\" developed separately, ultimately from a combination of Old Swedish slagh + -in, probably via Finnish -lainen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-decl/kärpäin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "1/kärpäin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-lain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laiset",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laista",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisees",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisiis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laiselle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laiseel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisiil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laiselt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laiseks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisenna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laiseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisinna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisent",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laisint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "front vowel variant",
"4": "-läin"
},
"expansion": "-lain (front vowel variant -läin)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-läin"
},
"expansion": "-lain (front vowel variant -läin)",
"name": "izh-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ižorat (“Ingrians”) + -lain → ižoralain (“Ingrian”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form ethnonyms from plural ethnonyms and names of locations."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "api (“help”) + -lain → apilain (“helper”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form nouns for people that are charactarised by the suffixed noun."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "yks (“one, same”) + -lain → yhenlain (“similar”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adjectives indicating a smaller degree of a quality; kind of"
],
"links": [
[
"kind of",
"kind of"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-lɑi̯ne/",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-ɫɑi̯n]",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-lɑi̯n/",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-ɫɑi̯n]",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
}
],
"word": "-lain"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-lainen"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-lainen",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-lainen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "vot-decl/sinin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "XII/sinin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-lain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizõd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizijõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laissõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizitõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizõsõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizisõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizõz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laiziz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizõssõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizissõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizõlõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizilõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizõllõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizillõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizõltõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-laiziltõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizõssi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-laizissi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "^(*)) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nominative",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "^(**)) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "the genitive.",
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "^(***)) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.",
"source": "inflection"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "suffixes",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-lain",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"suff": "1"
},
"expansion": "-lain",
"name": "vot-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Votic",
"lang_code": "vot",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Votic entries with incorrect language header",
"Votic lemmas",
"Votic noun-forming suffixes",
"Votic sinin-type nominals",
"Votic suffixes",
"Votic terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Votic terms inherited from Proto-Finnic"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "viro (“Estonia”) → virolain (“an Estonian person”)"
},
{
"text": "õma (“own”) → õmalain (“relative, ally, one's own people”)"
},
{
"text": "ühsi (“one”) → ühsilain (“lonely person”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns with the meaning of \"inhabitant\", or agent nouns that have the characteristic of the noun that it is derived from"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-lain"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: front vowel variant -läin",
"path": [
"-lain"
],
"section": "Ingrian",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-lain",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Votic is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: ^(*)) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) ^(**)) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ^(***)) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive., style: background:rgb(80%,80%,100%);font-size:smaller////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"-lain"
],
"section": "Votic",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-lain",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for the genitive.",
"path": [
"-lain"
],
"section": "Votic",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-lain",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for ^(***)) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.",
"path": [
"-lain"
],
"section": "Votic",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-lain",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.