See -ge on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -ge meaning in All languages combined (12.3kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-kin"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -kin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "-ке"
},
"expansion": "Erzya -ке (-ke)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly cognate to Finnish -kin, Erzya -ке (-ke).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "particle",
"cat2": "enclitic particles"
},
"expansion": "-ge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"lang_code": "se",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"also, too"
],
"id": "en--ge-se-particle-gfFjydy1",
"links": [
[
"also",
"also"
],
[
"too",
"too"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"even"
],
"id": "en--ge-se-particle-7DgGPIgf",
"links": [
[
"even",
"even"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Sami enclitic particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Sami entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 56 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Sami particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"moreover"
],
"id": "en--ge-se-particle-IVaV3omx",
"links": [
[
"moreover",
"moreover"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Sami enclitic particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Sami entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nor"
],
"id": "en--ge-se-particle--xQGe~3Q",
"links": [
[
"nor",
"nor"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with negative verb) nor"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with negative verb"
]
}
],
"word": "-ge"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "-y, -ey found in some English placenames"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gawją"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gawją",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*gawjō"
},
"expansion": "*gawjō",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*gawô",
"3": "",
"4": "country, region, environment"
},
"expansion": "*gawô (“country, region, environment”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *gawją, *gawjō, *gawô (“country, region, environment”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ġē",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"head": "-ġē",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "-ġē",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "f",
"head": "-ġē"
},
"expansion": "-ġē",
"name": "ang-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "eel-country",
"text": "ǣlġē",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix used to denote a region or territory"
],
"id": "en--ge-ang-suffix-BJ0CpS~C",
"links": [
[
"region",
"region#English"
],
[
"territory",
"territory#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Sūþrīeġ, Sūþrīġe ― Surrey (literally, “Southerly District”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix used in placenames meaning region of, or district of"
],
"id": "en--ge-ang-suffix-DdobNFd9",
"links": [
[
"region",
"region#English"
],
[
"district",
"district#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jeː/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-gēa"
}
],
"word": "-ge"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "adjective form"
},
"expansion": "-ge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Pali",
"lang_code": "pi",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "58 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pali entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of -ga (“going”):",
"locative singular masculine/neuter"
],
"id": "en--ge-pi-adj-6S0rKwq8",
"links": [
[
"-ga",
"-ga#Pali"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"locative",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"inflection of -ga (“going”):",
"accusative plural masculine"
],
"id": "en--ge-pi-adj-PQhA2~E4",
"links": [
[
"-ga",
"-ga#Pali"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Brahmi",
"character"
],
"word": "-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Brahmi",
"character"
],
"word": "𑀕"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Brahmi",
"character"
],
"word": "𑁂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Devanagari",
"character"
],
"word": "-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Devanagari",
"character"
],
"word": "ग"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Devanagari",
"character"
],
"word": "े"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Bengali"
],
"word": "-গে"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Sinhalese",
"character"
],
"word": "-ගෙ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ဂေ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Burmese",
"character"
],
"word": "-ၷေ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Thai",
"character"
],
"word": "-เค"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Tai-Tham",
"character"
],
"word": "-ᨣᩮ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Lao",
"character"
],
"word": "-ເຄ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Khmer",
"character"
],
"word": "-គេ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Chakma",
"character"
],
"word": "-𑄉𑄬"
}
],
"word": "-ge"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wuh",
"2": "cmn",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "個",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "個／个",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Mandarin 個／个.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wuh",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Wutunhua",
"lang_code": "wuh",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "that",
"word": "gu-ge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "this",
"word": "je-ge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "some",
"word": "-jhege"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "with",
"word": "-liangge"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "66 11 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Wutunhua entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(Quoted in Sandman, p. 64)",
"roman": "Two men[REF] were standing together.",
"text": "awo liang-ge yida zhan-she-ma-li.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "(Quoted in Sandman, p. 65)",
"roman": "This year our Dojjai bought a [certain] car.",
"text": "je nian nga-n-de dojjai qhichai-ge mai-she-lio.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "jashe qe-di-de-ge ngu jhan-lio. I saw that Jashe was eating. (literally, “[As for] Jashe's eating[REF], I saw it.”)",
"text": "(Quoted in Sandman, p. 65)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A referential marker attached to numerals or singular nominals, emphasizing that a specific individual entity (or entities) are being referred to, rather than being a general statement, a property, an abstract conception, etc."
],
"id": "en--ge-wuh-suffix-7IsC0rxR",
"links": [
[
"referential",
"referential#English"
],
[
"marker",
"marker#English"
],
[
"numeral",
"numeral#English"
],
[
"nominal",
"nominal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(Quoted in Sandman, p. 65)",
"roman": "Each person [gets] one thousand and two hundred.",
"text": "ren-ge-ha dong yi-zek-ma ek bai.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"each; used with a distributive sense."
],
"id": "en--ge-wuh-suffix-KZEUbdTl",
"links": [
[
"each",
"each"
],
[
"distributive",
"distributive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Used to introduce and foreground a new participant or character when telling a story, etc."
],
"id": "en--ge-wuh-suffix-1qF2mVaT",
"links": [
[
"foreground",
"foreground#English"
],
[
"participant",
"participant#English"
],
[
"character",
"character#English"
],
[
"story",
"story#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kə]"
}
],
"word": "-ge"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-ge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Mongolic",
"lang_code": "xgn-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/-ge",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "65 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Mongolic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix creating new word."
],
"id": "en--ge-xgn-pro-suffix-2wvk37Gh",
"related": [
{
"english": "flea, louse",
"word": "bür-ge"
},
{
"english": "tickle",
"word": "giji-ge"
},
{
"english": "scraper; device for processing skins",
"word": "keder-ge"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ga"
}
],
"word": "-ge"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*-ik"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *-ik",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kïrk-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *kïrk-",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*kïrga-"
},
"expansion": "*kïrga-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Comparable to Proto-Turkic *-ik if Proto-Turkic *kïrk- is compared to *kïrga-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "verb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-ge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Mongolic",
"lang_code": "xgn-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/-ge",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "bol- (“to be”) + *-ge → *bolga- (“to make”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "sur- (“to learn”) + *-ge → *surga- (“to teach”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms deverbal verbs, transitive from intransitive and factitive from transitive."
],
"id": "en--ge-xgn-pro-suffix-IlzspXOZ",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ga"
}
],
"word": "-ge"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*-gan",
"t": "deverbal noun suffix"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *-gan (“deverbal noun suffix”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*-kan",
"t": "deverbal noun suffix"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *-kan (“deverbal noun suffix”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Comparable to Proto-Mongolic *-gan (“deverbal noun suffix”), Proto-Tungusic *-kan (“deverbal noun suffix”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-ge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-ge",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "bil- (“to know”) + *-ge → *bilge (“wise, sage”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "kïs- (“to squeeze”) + *-ge → *kïsga (“short”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms deverbal nouns."
],
"id": "en--ge-trk-pro-suffix-U~97ukVV",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ge"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*-gan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *-gan",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*-xan",
"t": "denominal noun suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-xan (“denominal noun suffix”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*-kan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *-kan",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Comparable to Proto-Mongolic *-gan and *-xan (“denominal noun suffix”) and Proto-Tungusic *-kan.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-ge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-ge",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 74",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "čekürt (“the sound of a grasshopper”) + *-ge → *čekürtge (“grasshopper, locust”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "kar (“caw”) + *-ge → *karga (“crow”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms denominal nouns, usually used for animals and plants."
],
"id": "en--ge-trk-pro-suffix-BJ-sXL7c",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ge"
}
{
"categories": [
"Northern Sami enclitic particles",
"Northern Sami entries with incorrect language header",
"Northern Sami lemmas",
"Northern Sami particles",
"Requests for pronunciation in Northern Sami entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-kin"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -kin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "-ке"
},
"expansion": "Erzya -ке (-ke)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly cognate to Finnish -kin, Erzya -ке (-ke).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "particle",
"cat2": "enclitic particles"
},
"expansion": "-ge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"lang_code": "se",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"also, too"
],
"links": [
[
"also",
"also"
],
[
"too",
"too"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"even"
],
"links": [
[
"even",
"even"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"moreover"
],
"links": [
[
"moreover",
"moreover"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"nor"
],
"links": [
[
"nor",
"nor"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with negative verb) nor"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with negative verb"
]
}
],
"word": "-ge"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English suffixes",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "-y, -ey found in some English placenames"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gawją"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gawją",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*gawjō"
},
"expansion": "*gawjō",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*gawô",
"3": "",
"4": "country, region, environment"
},
"expansion": "*gawô (“country, region, environment”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *gawją, *gawjō, *gawô (“country, region, environment”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ġē",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"head": "-ġē",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "-ġē",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "f",
"head": "-ġē"
},
"expansion": "-ġē",
"name": "ang-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "eel-country",
"text": "ǣlġē",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix used to denote a region or territory"
],
"links": [
[
"region",
"region#English"
],
[
"territory",
"territory#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Sūþrīeġ, Sūþrīġe ― Surrey (literally, “Southerly District”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix used in placenames meaning region of, or district of"
],
"links": [
[
"region",
"region#English"
],
[
"district",
"district#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jeː/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-gēa"
}
],
"word": "-ge"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pali adjective forms",
"Pali entries with incorrect language header",
"Pali non-lemma forms"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "adjective form"
},
"expansion": "-ge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Pali",
"lang_code": "pi",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"inflection of -ga (“going”):",
"locative singular masculine/neuter"
],
"links": [
[
"-ga",
"-ga#Pali"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"locative",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"inflection of -ga (“going”):",
"accusative plural masculine"
],
"links": [
[
"-ga",
"-ga#Pali"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Brahmi",
"character"
],
"word": "-"
},
{
"tags": [
"Brahmi",
"character"
],
"word": "𑀕"
},
{
"tags": [
"Brahmi",
"character"
],
"word": "𑁂"
},
{
"tags": [
"Devanagari",
"character"
],
"word": "-"
},
{
"tags": [
"Devanagari",
"character"
],
"word": "ग"
},
{
"tags": [
"Devanagari",
"character"
],
"word": "े"
},
{
"tags": [
"Bengali"
],
"word": "-গে"
},
{
"tags": [
"Sinhalese",
"character"
],
"word": "-ගෙ"
},
{
"word": "-ဂေ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Burmese",
"character"
],
"word": "-ၷေ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Thai",
"character"
],
"word": "-เค"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tai-Tham",
"character"
],
"word": "-ᨣᩮ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Lao",
"character"
],
"word": "-ເຄ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Khmer",
"character"
],
"word": "-គេ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chakma",
"character"
],
"word": "-𑄉𑄬"
}
],
"word": "-ge"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Mongolic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Mongolic lemmas",
"Proto-Mongolic suffixes",
"Proto-Mongolic verb-forming suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-ge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Mongolic",
"lang_code": "xgn-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/-ge",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"english": "flea, louse",
"word": "bür-ge"
},
{
"english": "tickle",
"word": "giji-ge"
},
{
"english": "scraper; device for processing skins",
"word": "keder-ge"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Suffix creating new word."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-ga"
}
],
"word": "-ge"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Mongolic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Mongolic lemmas",
"Proto-Mongolic suffixes",
"Proto-Mongolic verb-forming suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*-ik"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *-ik",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kïrk-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *kïrk-",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*kïrga-"
},
"expansion": "*kïrga-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Comparable to Proto-Turkic *-ik if Proto-Turkic *kïrk- is compared to *kïrga-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "verb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-ge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Mongolic",
"lang_code": "xgn-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/-ge",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "bol- (“to be”) + *-ge → *bolga- (“to make”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "sur- (“to learn”) + *-ge → *surga- (“to teach”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms deverbal verbs, transitive from intransitive and factitive from transitive."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-ga"
}
],
"word": "-ge"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Turkic suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*-gan",
"t": "deverbal noun suffix"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *-gan (“deverbal noun suffix”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*-kan",
"t": "deverbal noun suffix"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *-kan (“deverbal noun suffix”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Comparable to Proto-Mongolic *-gan (“deverbal noun suffix”), Proto-Tungusic *-kan (“deverbal noun suffix”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-ge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-ge",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "bil- (“to know”) + *-ge → *bilge (“wise, sage”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "kïs- (“to squeeze”) + *-ge → *kïsga (“short”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms deverbal nouns."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ge"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Turkic suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*-gan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *-gan",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*-xan",
"t": "denominal noun suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-xan (“denominal noun suffix”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*-kan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *-kan",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Comparable to Proto-Mongolic *-gan and *-xan (“denominal noun suffix”) and Proto-Tungusic *-kan.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-ge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-ge",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "čekürt (“the sound of a grasshopper”) + *-ge → *čekürtge (“grasshopper, locust”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "kar (“caw”) + *-ge → *karga (“crow”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms denominal nouns, usually used for animals and plants."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ge"
}
{
"categories": [
"Wutunhua entries with incorrect language header",
"Wutunhua lemmas",
"Wutunhua suffixes",
"Wutunhua terms derived from Mandarin",
"Wutunhua terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wuh",
"2": "cmn",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "個",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "個／个",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Mandarin 個／个.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wuh",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Wutunhua",
"lang_code": "wuh",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"english": "that",
"word": "gu-ge"
},
{
"english": "this",
"word": "je-ge"
},
{
"english": "some",
"word": "-jhege"
},
{
"english": "with",
"word": "-liangge"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Wutunhua terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(Quoted in Sandman, p. 64)",
"roman": "Two men[REF] were standing together.",
"text": "awo liang-ge yida zhan-she-ma-li.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "(Quoted in Sandman, p. 65)",
"roman": "This year our Dojjai bought a [certain] car.",
"text": "je nian nga-n-de dojjai qhichai-ge mai-she-lio.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "jashe qe-di-de-ge ngu jhan-lio. I saw that Jashe was eating. (literally, “[As for] Jashe's eating[REF], I saw it.”)",
"text": "(Quoted in Sandman, p. 65)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A referential marker attached to numerals or singular nominals, emphasizing that a specific individual entity (or entities) are being referred to, rather than being a general statement, a property, an abstract conception, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"referential",
"referential#English"
],
[
"marker",
"marker#English"
],
[
"numeral",
"numeral#English"
],
[
"nominal",
"nominal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Wutunhua terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(Quoted in Sandman, p. 65)",
"roman": "Each person [gets] one thousand and two hundred.",
"text": "ren-ge-ha dong yi-zek-ma ek bai.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"each; used with a distributive sense."
],
"links": [
[
"each",
"each"
],
[
"distributive",
"distributive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Used to introduce and foreground a new participant or character when telling a story, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"foreground",
"foreground#English"
],
[
"participant",
"participant#English"
],
[
"character",
"character#English"
],
[
"story",
"story#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kə]"
}
],
"word": "-ge"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.