See -이- on Wiktionary
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Beyond Middle Korean, the causative is the original meaning as attested in Old Korean, and the passive is a later development from the causative first attested in the written language some time between the thirteenth and fifteenth centuries.", "forms": [ { "form": "이", "tags": [ "canonical" ] }, { "form": "-i-", "tags": [ "alternative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "이 • (-i-)", "name": "ko-suffix" } ], "lang": "Korean", "lang_code": "ko", "pos": "suffix", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "40 40 20", "kind": "other", "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "36 36 29", "kind": "other", "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes", "parents": [ "Terms with redundant script codes", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "37 36 27", "kind": "other", "name": "Korean terms with redundant transliterations", "parents": [ "Terms with redundant transliterations", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "50 50", "kind": "other", "name": "Middle Korean terms with redundant transliterations", "parents": [ "Terms with redundant transliterations", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "40 40 20", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "39 39 22", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "text": "먹다 (meokda, “to eat”) + 이 (-i-) → 먹이다 (meogida, “to feed”)", "type": "example" }, { "text": "높다 (nopda, “to be high”) + 이 (-i-) → 높이다 (nopida, “to heighten”)", "type": "example" }, { "text": "나다 (nada, “to exit”) + 이 (-i-) → 내다 (naeda, “to take out”)", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "A verbal suffix deriving the stems of causative verbs, attaching to verb or adjective stems which end in a vowel, an aspirate consonant, ㄱ (g), or ㄹ (l). No longer productive." ], "id": "en--이--ko-suffix-vIylSIUJ", "links": [ [ "causative", "causative#English" ], [ "aspirate", "aspirate#English" ], [ "ㄱ", "ㄱ#Korean" ], [ "ㄹ", "ㄹ#Korean" ], [ "productive", "productive#English" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "-히-" }, { "word": "-리-" }, { "word": "-기-" }, { "word": "-우-" }, { "word": "-구-" }, { "word": "-추-" } ], "tags": [ "morpheme" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "40 40 20", "kind": "other", "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "36 36 29", "kind": "other", "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes", "parents": [ "Terms with redundant script codes", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "37 36 27", "kind": "other", "name": "Korean terms with redundant transliterations", "parents": [ "Terms with redundant transliterations", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "50 50", "kind": "other", "name": "Middle Korean terms with redundant transliterations", "parents": [ "Terms with redundant transliterations", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "40 40 20", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "39 39 22", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "text": "놓다 (nota, “to place”) + 이 (-i-) → 놓이다 (noida, “to be placed”)", "type": "example" }, { "text": "보다 (boda, “to see”) + 이 (-i-) → 보이다 (boida, “to be seen”)", "type": "example" }, { "text": "바꾸다 (bakkuda, “to change”) (transitive) + 이 (-i-) → 바뀌다 (bakkwida, “to change, to be changed”)", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "A verbal suffix deriving the stems of passive verbs, mainly attaching to verb stems ending in a vowel or in an aspirate consonant. No longer productive." ], "id": "en--이--ko-suffix-3prP-dJH", "links": [ [ "passive", "passive#English" ], [ "aspirate", "aspirate#English" ], [ "productive", "productive#English" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "-히-" }, { "word": "-리-" }, { "word": "-기-" } ], "tags": [ "morpheme" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "[i]", "tags": [ "SK-Standard", "Seoul" ] }, { "hangeul": "이" }, { "other": "[이]" }, { "ipa": "/a/" }, { "other": "/ɛ~e/" }, { "ipa": "/ʌ/" }, { "other": "/e/" }, { "ipa": "/o/" }, { "other": "/ø~we/" }, { "ipa": "/u/" }, { "other": "/y~wi/" } ], "word": "-이-" } { "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ko", "2": "okm", "3": "-" }, "expansion": "Middle Korean", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "-ᅌᅵ-", "2": "-ngì-", "5": "deferential/self-humbling suffix" }, "expansion": "ᅌᅵ (Yale: -ngì-, deferential/self-humbling suffix)", "name": "okm-l" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle Korean ᅌᅵ (Yale: -ngì-, deferential/self-humbling suffix). See the main entry for more.", "forms": [ { "form": "이", "tags": [ "canonical" ] }, { "form": "-i-", "tags": [ "alternative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "이 • (-i-)", "name": "ko-suffix" } ], "lang": "Korean", "lang_code": "ko", "pos": "suffix", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "40 40 20", "kind": "other", "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "36 36 29", "kind": "other", "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes", "parents": [ "Terms with redundant script codes", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "37 36 27", "kind": "other", "name": "Korean terms with redundant transliterations", "parents": [ "Terms with redundant transliterations", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "40 40 20", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "39 39 22", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "Post-vowel and post-liquid allomorphic form of 으이 (-eu'i-, polite deferential suffix)." ], "id": "en--이--ko-suffix-4puoOzGW", "links": [ [ "vowel", "vowel" ], [ "liquid", "liquid" ], [ "allomorph", "allomorph" ], [ "으이", "-으이-#Korean" ] ], "tags": [ "morpheme" ] } ], "word": "-이-" }
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (b941637 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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