"-ու" meaning in All languages combined

See -ու on Wiktionary

Suffix [Armenian]

IPA: [u] [Eastern-Armenian, standard], [u] [Western-Armenian, standard] Forms: -u [romanization]
Etymology: From Old Armenian -ու (-u). Etymology templates: {{der|hy|xcl|-ու}} Old Armenian -ու (-u) Head templates: {{head|hy|suffix|||||||head=|sort=ու}} -ու • (-u), {{hy-suffix|sort=ու}} -ու • (-u)
  1. forming adjectives Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--ու-hy-suffix-hxD5nE7E Categories (other): Armenian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Suffix [Armenian]

IPA: [u] [Eastern-Armenian, standard], [u] [Western-Armenian, standard] Forms: -u [romanization]
Head templates: {{head|hy|suffix|cat2=inflectional suffixes}} -ու • (-u)
  1. the future converb I ending of verbs Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--ու-hy-suffix-Cbfq1kwt
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Suffix [Armenian]

IPA: [u] [Eastern-Armenian, standard], [u] [Western-Armenian, standard] Forms: -u [romanization]
Etymology: From Old Armenian -ու (-u). Etymology templates: {{der|hy|xcl|-ու}} Old Armenian -ու (-u) Head templates: {{head|hy|suffix|cat2=inflectional suffixes}} -ու • (-u)
  1. the singular dative case ending of u-declension nouns Tags: morpheme Related terms: [-i]
    Sense id: en--ու-hy-suffix-1HhaF2ih Categories (other): Armenian entries with incorrect language header, Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Armenian entries with incorrect language header: 10 8 83 Disambiguation of Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header: 20 4 48 6 9 14
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Suffix [Old Armenian]

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *-usyā, the feminine form of the participle suffix *-wes. See also -ուք (-ukʻ). Etymology templates: {{inh|xcl|ine-pro|*-usyā}} Proto-Indo-European *-usyā, {{m|ine-pro|*-wes}} *-wes, {{m|xcl|-ուք}} -ուք (-ukʻ) Head templates: {{head|xcl|suffix|head=|sort=ու|tr=}} -ու • (-u), {{xcl-suffix|sort=ու}} -ու • (-u) Inflection templates: {{xcl-decl-noun|-ու|11=-ուաց|13=-ու|15=-ուս|17=-ուէ|19=-ուաց|21=-ուաւ|23=-ուաւք = -ուօք|25=-ուի|27=-ուս|3=-ուք|5=-ուի|7=-ուաց|9=-ուի|note=|type=i-a-type}} Forms: -u [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], -ու [nominative, singular], -ուք [nominative, plural], -ուի [genitive, singular], -ուաց [genitive, plural], -ուի [dative, singular], -ուաց [dative, plural], -ու [accusative, singular], -ուս [accusative, plural], -ուէ [ablative, singular], -ուաց [ablative, plural], -ուաւ [instrumental, singular], -ուաւք = -ուօք (-uawkʻ = -uōkʻ) [instrumental, plural], -ուի [locative, singular], -ուս [locative, plural]
  1. Forming adjectives. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--ու-xcl-suffix-Zz7kCCQp Categories (other): Old Armenian links with redundant wikilinks, Old Armenian terms with redundant sortkeys Disambiguation of Old Armenian terms with redundant sortkeys: 67 33
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Suffix [Old Armenian]

Forms: -u [romanization]
Etymology: Contamination of Proto-Indo-European *-u stem vowel with the *-yo, *-yā suffix. Etymology templates: {{inh|xcl|ine-pro|*-u}} Proto-Indo-European *-u, {{m|ine-pro|*-yo}} *-yo, {{m|ine-pro|*-yā}} *-yā Head templates: {{head|xcl|suffix|head=|sort=ու|tr=}} -ու • (-u), {{xcl-suffix|sort=ու}} -ու • (-u)
  1. found in a few words, such as արու (aru), եղջերու (ełǰeru), մեղու (mełu), ուրջու (urǰu) Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--ու-xcl-suffix-tnn5RuTh
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Suffix [Old Armenian]

Forms: -u [romanization]
Etymology: According to Godel, identical with the -ու- (-u-) stem vowel. The remaining stem, standing in contrast to the nominative/accusative singular (which lost its stem), was apt to function as a full-fledged case form. Etymology templates: {{m|xcl||-ու-}} -ու- (-u-) Head templates: {{head|xcl|suffix|cat2=inflectional suffixes}} -ու • (-u)
  1. singular genitive/dative/instrumental/locative marker for u-declension words Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--ու-xcl-suffix-MJtzq18i
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Download JSON data for -ու meaning in All languages combined (8.9kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "xcl",
        "3": "-ու"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian -ու (-u)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Armenian -ու (-u).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-u",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "suffix",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "ու"
      },
      "expansion": "-ու • (-u)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "sort": "ու"
      },
      "expansion": "-ու • (-u)",
      "name": "hy-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Armenian",
  "lang_code": "hy",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Armenian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "forming adjectives"
      ],
      "id": "en--ու-hy-suffix-hxD5nE7E",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[u]",
      "tags": [
        "Eastern-Armenian",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[u]",
      "tags": [
        "Western-Armenian",
        "standard"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ու"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-u",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
      },
      "expansion": "-ու • (-u)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Armenian",
  "lang_code": "hy",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "սիրելու ― sirelu ― future converb I of սիրել (sirel)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the future converb I ending of verbs"
      ],
      "id": "en--ու-hy-suffix-Cbfq1kwt",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[u]",
      "tags": [
        "Eastern-Armenian",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[u]",
      "tags": [
        "Western-Armenian",
        "standard"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ու"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "xcl",
        "3": "-ու"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian -ու (-u)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Armenian -ու (-u).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-u",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
      },
      "expansion": "-ու • (-u)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Armenian",
  "lang_code": "hy",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 8 83",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 4 48 6 9 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ձիու ― jiu ― dative singular case of ձի (ji)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "մարդու ― mardu ― dative singular case of մարդ (mard)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the singular dative case ending of u-declension nouns"
      ],
      "id": "en--ու-hy-suffix-1HhaF2ih",
      "related": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "-i"
          ],
          "word": "-ի"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[u]",
      "tags": [
        "Eastern-Armenian",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[u]",
      "tags": [
        "Western-Armenian",
        "standard"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ու"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hy",
            "2": "-ու"
          },
          "expansion": "Armenian: -ու (-u)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Armenian: -ու (-u)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-usyā"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-usyā",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*-wes"
      },
      "expansion": "*-wes",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "-ուք"
      },
      "expansion": "-ուք (-ukʻ)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-usyā, the feminine form of the participle suffix *-wes. See also -ուք (-ukʻ).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-u",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "xcl-noun-ի-ա",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-type",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ու",
      "roman": "-u",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ուք",
      "roman": "-ukʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ուի",
      "roman": "-ui",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ուաց",
      "roman": "-uacʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ուի",
      "roman": "-ui",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ուաց",
      "roman": "-uacʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ու",
      "roman": "-u",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ուս",
      "roman": "-us",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ուէ",
      "roman": "-uē",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ուաց",
      "roman": "-uacʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ուաւ",
      "roman": "-uaw",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ուաւք = -ուօք (-uawkʻ = -uōkʻ)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ուի",
      "roman": "-ui",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ուս",
      "roman": "-us",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "suffix",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "ու",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-ու • (-u)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "sort": "ու"
      },
      "expansion": "-ու • (-u)",
      "name": "xcl-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-ու",
        "11": "-ուաց",
        "13": "-ու",
        "15": "-ուս",
        "17": "-ուէ",
        "19": "-ուաց",
        "21": "-ուաւ",
        "23": "-ուաւք = -ուօք",
        "25": "-ուի",
        "27": "-ուս",
        "3": "-ուք",
        "5": "-ուի",
        "7": "-ուաց",
        "9": "-ուի",
        "note": "",
        "type": "i-a-type"
      },
      "name": "xcl-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Armenian",
  "lang_code": "xcl",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Armenian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "67 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Armenian terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I cut",
          "roman": "hatanem",
          "text": "հատանեմ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "sharp, cutting",
          "roman": "hatu",
          "text": "հատու",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "I bite",
          "roman": "kcanem",
          "text": "կծանեմ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "tart, pungent",
          "roman": "kcu",
          "text": "կծու",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "salt",
          "roman": "ał",
          "text": "աղ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "agreeable",
          "roman": "ału",
          "text": "աղու",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Forming adjectives."
      ],
      "id": "en--ու-xcl-suffix-Zz7kCCQp",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ու"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-u"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-u",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*-yo"
      },
      "expansion": "*-yo",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*-yā"
      },
      "expansion": "*-yā",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Contamination of Proto-Indo-European *-u stem vowel with the *-yo, *-yā suffix.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-u",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "suffix",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "ու",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-ու • (-u)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "sort": "ու"
      },
      "expansion": "-ու • (-u)",
      "name": "xcl-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Armenian",
  "lang_code": "xcl",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "found in a few words, such as արու (aru), եղջերու (ełǰeru), մեղու (mełu), ուրջու (urǰu)"
      ],
      "id": "en--ու-xcl-suffix-tnn5RuTh",
      "links": [
        [
          "արու",
          "արու#Old Armenian"
        ],
        [
          "եղջերու",
          "եղջերու#Old Armenian"
        ],
        [
          "մեղու",
          "մեղու#Old Armenian"
        ],
        [
          "ուրջու",
          "ուրջու#Old Armenian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ու"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "",
        "3": "-ու-"
      },
      "expansion": "-ու- (-u-)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "According to Godel, identical with the -ու- (-u-) stem vowel. The remaining stem, standing in contrast to the nominative/accusative singular (which lost its stem), was apt to function as a full-fledged case form.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-u",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
      },
      "expansion": "-ու • (-u)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Armenian",
  "lang_code": "xcl",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ծովու ― covu ― genitive/dative/instrumental/locative singular of ծով (cov)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "singular genitive/dative/instrumental/locative marker for u-declension words"
      ],
      "id": "en--ու-xcl-suffix-MJtzq18i",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ու"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Armenian inflectional suffixes",
    "Armenian lemmas",
    "Armenian suffixes",
    "Armenian terms derived from Old Armenian",
    "Armenian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Armenian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Armenian inflectional suffixes",
    "Old Armenian lemmas",
    "Old Armenian suffixes"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "xcl",
        "3": "-ու"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian -ու (-u)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Armenian -ու (-u).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-u",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "suffix",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "ու"
      },
      "expansion": "-ու • (-u)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "sort": "ու"
      },
      "expansion": "-ու • (-u)",
      "name": "hy-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Armenian",
  "lang_code": "hy",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "forming adjectives"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[u]",
      "tags": [
        "Eastern-Armenian",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[u]",
      "tags": [
        "Western-Armenian",
        "standard"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ու"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Armenian inflectional suffixes",
    "Armenian lemmas",
    "Armenian suffixes",
    "Armenian terms derived from Old Armenian",
    "Armenian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Armenian inflectional suffixes",
    "Old Armenian lemmas",
    "Old Armenian suffixes"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-u",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
      },
      "expansion": "-ու • (-u)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Armenian",
  "lang_code": "hy",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Armenian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "սիրելու ― sirelu ― future converb I of սիրել (sirel)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the future converb I ending of verbs"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[u]",
      "tags": [
        "Eastern-Armenian",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[u]",
      "tags": [
        "Western-Armenian",
        "standard"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ու"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Armenian inflectional suffixes",
    "Armenian lemmas",
    "Armenian suffixes",
    "Armenian terms derived from Old Armenian",
    "Armenian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Armenian inflectional suffixes",
    "Old Armenian lemmas",
    "Old Armenian suffixes"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "xcl",
        "3": "-ու"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian -ու (-u)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Armenian -ու (-u).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-u",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
      },
      "expansion": "-ու • (-u)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Armenian",
  "lang_code": "hy",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "-i"
      ],
      "word": "-ի"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Armenian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ձիու ― jiu ― dative singular case of ձի (ji)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "մարդու ― mardu ― dative singular case of մարդ (mard)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the singular dative case ending of u-declension nouns"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[u]",
      "tags": [
        "Eastern-Armenian",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[u]",
      "tags": [
        "Western-Armenian",
        "standard"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ու"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Armenian inflectional suffixes",
    "Old Armenian lemmas",
    "Old Armenian links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Old Armenian suffixes",
    "Old Armenian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old Armenian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old Armenian terms with redundant sortkeys"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hy",
            "2": "-ու"
          },
          "expansion": "Armenian: -ու (-u)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Armenian: -ու (-u)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-usyā"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-usyā",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*-wes"
      },
      "expansion": "*-wes",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "-ուք"
      },
      "expansion": "-ուք (-ukʻ)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-usyā, the feminine form of the participle suffix *-wes. See also -ուք (-ukʻ).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-u",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "xcl-noun-ի-ա",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-type",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ու",
      "roman": "-u",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ուք",
      "roman": "-ukʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ուի",
      "roman": "-ui",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ուաց",
      "roman": "-uacʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ուի",
      "roman": "-ui",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ուաց",
      "roman": "-uacʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ու",
      "roman": "-u",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ուս",
      "roman": "-us",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ուէ",
      "roman": "-uē",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ուաց",
      "roman": "-uacʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ուաւ",
      "roman": "-uaw",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ուաւք = -ուօք (-uawkʻ = -uōkʻ)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ուի",
      "roman": "-ui",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ուս",
      "roman": "-us",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "suffix",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "ու",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-ու • (-u)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "sort": "ու"
      },
      "expansion": "-ու • (-u)",
      "name": "xcl-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-ու",
        "11": "-ուաց",
        "13": "-ու",
        "15": "-ուս",
        "17": "-ուէ",
        "19": "-ուաց",
        "21": "-ուաւ",
        "23": "-ուաւք = -ուօք",
        "25": "-ուի",
        "27": "-ուս",
        "3": "-ուք",
        "5": "-ուի",
        "7": "-ուաց",
        "9": "-ուի",
        "note": "",
        "type": "i-a-type"
      },
      "name": "xcl-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Armenian",
  "lang_code": "xcl",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I cut",
          "roman": "hatanem",
          "text": "հատանեմ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "sharp, cutting",
          "roman": "hatu",
          "text": "հատու",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "I bite",
          "roman": "kcanem",
          "text": "կծանեմ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "tart, pungent",
          "roman": "kcu",
          "text": "կծու",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "salt",
          "roman": "ał",
          "text": "աղ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "agreeable",
          "roman": "ału",
          "text": "աղու",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Forming adjectives."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ու"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Armenian inflectional suffixes",
    "Old Armenian lemmas",
    "Old Armenian suffixes",
    "Old Armenian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old Armenian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old Armenian terms with redundant sortkeys"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-u"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-u",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*-yo"
      },
      "expansion": "*-yo",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*-yā"
      },
      "expansion": "*-yā",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Contamination of Proto-Indo-European *-u stem vowel with the *-yo, *-yā suffix.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-u",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "suffix",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "ու",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-ու • (-u)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "sort": "ու"
      },
      "expansion": "-ու • (-u)",
      "name": "xcl-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Armenian",
  "lang_code": "xcl",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "found in a few words, such as արու (aru), եղջերու (ełǰeru), մեղու (mełu), ուրջու (urǰu)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "արու",
          "արու#Old Armenian"
        ],
        [
          "եղջերու",
          "եղջերու#Old Armenian"
        ],
        [
          "մեղու",
          "մեղու#Old Armenian"
        ],
        [
          "ուրջու",
          "ուրջու#Old Armenian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ու"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Armenian inflectional suffixes",
    "Old Armenian lemmas",
    "Old Armenian suffixes"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "",
        "3": "-ու-"
      },
      "expansion": "-ու- (-u-)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "According to Godel, identical with the -ու- (-u-) stem vowel. The remaining stem, standing in contrast to the nominative/accusative singular (which lost its stem), was apt to function as a full-fledged case form.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-u",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
      },
      "expansion": "-ու • (-u)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Armenian",
  "lang_code": "xcl",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ծովու ― covu ― genitive/dative/instrumental/locative singular of ծով (cov)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "singular genitive/dative/instrumental/locative marker for u-declension words"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ու"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e268c0e and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.