See -ьlъ on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -ьlъ meaning in All languages combined (4.4kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-lъ"
},
"expansion": "*-lъ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "молоко"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: молоко (moloko)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*melko"
},
"expansion": "*melko",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "пълнъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: пълнъ (pŭlnŭ)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*pьlnъ"
},
"expansion": "*pьlnъ",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Fossilized doublet of *-lъ, attached to thematic roots. The *-ь- could reflect either a reduced *-e- or *-i- from i-theme declension. Regionally (especially in East Slavic), the -ь- was often hardened to -ъ- due to the backward influence of -l- (cf. Old East Slavic: молоко (moloko) < *melko or Old East Slavic: пълнъ (pŭlnŭ) < *pьlnъ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "nominative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "-ьlъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "genitive",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "-ьla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьlu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьlъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "-ьlu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьloma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьlomъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "accusative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "-ьly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "instrumental",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "-ьlъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьlomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "locative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "-ьlě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьlěxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vocative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "-ьle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ьlъ",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ělь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-aľь"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "58 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "kozьlъ (“goat”) ← *kozь(jь) (“goaty”)"
},
{
"text": "pětьlъ (“rooster, cock”) ← *pětъ(jь) (“singing”)"
},
{
"text": "sъsьlъ (“ground squirrel”) ← Proto-Balto-Slavic *śuśas (“shoving, ditching”) (possibly)"
},
{
"text": "orьlъ (“eagle”) ← Proto-Indo-European *h₃érō (“stirring, rising one”)"
},
{
"text": "pelvelъ (“weed”) ← *pelvъ (“pale, futile”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"From adjectives or participles, forms agent nouns (usually animals or plants)"
],
"id": "en--ьlъ-sla-pro-suffix-s0jm48wb",
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*-teľь"
},
{
"word": "*-ařь"
},
{
"word": "*-ačь"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "svьrdьlъ (“chasel”) ← Proto-Indo-European *swerdʰóm (“sharp tool”) < *seh₂w- (“sharp”) + *-ér-"
},
{
"text": "kotьlъ (“cauldron”) ← Proto-Indo-European *kat- (“to encircle, to bound”)"
},
{
"text": "kъbьlъ (“bucket”) ← Proto-Indo-European *kewb- (“to bend, to turn”)"
},
{
"text": "gъdьlъ (“tickle”) ← *gъsti (“to tickle, to prick”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"From basic roots or verbs, forms tool nouns. Likely under the influence of Proto-Germanic *-ilaz"
],
"id": "en--ьlъ-sla-pro-suffix-s6ca3x-r",
"links": [
[
"Proto-Germanic",
"w:Proto-Germanic language"
],
[
"*-ilaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ilaz#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*-dlo"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ъlъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-elъ"
}
],
"word": "-ьlъ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic suffixes"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-lъ"
},
"expansion": "*-lъ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "молоко"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: молоко (moloko)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*melko"
},
"expansion": "*melko",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "пълнъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: пълнъ (pŭlnŭ)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*pьlnъ"
},
"expansion": "*pьlnъ",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Fossilized doublet of *-lъ, attached to thematic roots. The *-ь- could reflect either a reduced *-e- or *-i- from i-theme declension. Regionally (especially in East Slavic), the -ь- was often hardened to -ъ- due to the backward influence of -l- (cf. Old East Slavic: молоко (moloko) < *melko or Old East Slavic: пълнъ (pŭlnŭ) < *pьlnъ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "nominative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "-ьlъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "genitive",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "-ьla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьlu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьlъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "-ьlu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьloma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьlomъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "accusative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "-ьly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "instrumental",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "-ьlъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьlomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "locative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "-ьlě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьlěxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vocative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "-ьle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ьlъ",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-ělь"
},
{
"word": "-aľь"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "kozьlъ (“goat”) ← *kozь(jь) (“goaty”)"
},
{
"text": "pětьlъ (“rooster, cock”) ← *pětъ(jь) (“singing”)"
},
{
"text": "sъsьlъ (“ground squirrel”) ← Proto-Balto-Slavic *śuśas (“shoving, ditching”) (possibly)"
},
{
"text": "orьlъ (“eagle”) ← Proto-Indo-European *h₃érō (“stirring, rising one”)"
},
{
"text": "pelvelъ (“weed”) ← *pelvъ (“pale, futile”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"From adjectives or participles, forms agent nouns (usually animals or plants)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*-teľь"
},
{
"word": "*-ařь"
},
{
"word": "*-ačь"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "svьrdьlъ (“chasel”) ← Proto-Indo-European *swerdʰóm (“sharp tool”) < *seh₂w- (“sharp”) + *-ér-"
},
{
"text": "kotьlъ (“cauldron”) ← Proto-Indo-European *kat- (“to encircle, to bound”)"
},
{
"text": "kъbьlъ (“bucket”) ← Proto-Indo-European *kewb- (“to bend, to turn”)"
},
{
"text": "gъdьlъ (“tickle”) ← *gъsti (“to tickle, to prick”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"From basic roots or verbs, forms tool nouns. Likely under the influence of Proto-Germanic *-ilaz"
],
"links": [
[
"Proto-Germanic",
"w:Proto-Germanic language"
],
[
"*-ilaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ilaz#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*-dlo"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-ъlъ"
},
{
"word": "-elъ"
}
],
"word": "-ьlъ"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.