"나무하다" meaning in All languages combined

See 나무하다 on Wiktionary

Verb [Korean]

IPA: [na̠muɦa̠da̠] [SK-Standard, Seoul]
Etymology: First attested in the Myobeomnyeonhwagyeong eonhae (妙法蓮華經諺解 / 묘법연화경언해), 1463, as Middle Korean 나모ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: nàmwò-hòtá), equivalent to modern 나무 (namu, “tree”) + 하다 (-hada, light verb deriving active verbs). Etymology templates: {{ko-etym-native|mb|나모ᄒᆞ다〮|nàmwò-hòtá|dot=,}} First attested in the Myobeomnyeonhwagyeong eonhae (妙法蓮華經諺解 / 묘법연화경언해), 1463, as Middle Korean 나모ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: nàmwò-hòtá),, {{af|ko|나무|-하다|pos2=light verb deriving active verbs|t1=tree}} 나무 (namu, “tree”) + 하다 (-hada, light verb deriving active verbs) Head templates: {{ko-verb}} 나무하다 • (namuhada) (infinitive 나무해 or 나무하여, sequential 나무하니) Forms: namuhada [romanization], 나무해 [infinitive], 나무하여 [infinitive], 나무하니 [sequential], irregular [table-tags], 나무한다 [formal, indicative, non-past], 나무해 [indicative, informal, non-past], 나무해요 [indicative, informal, non-past, polite], 나무합니다 [formal, indicative, non-past, polite], 나무했다 [formal, indicative, past], 나무했어 [indicative, informal, past], 나무했어요 [indicative, informal, past, polite], 나무했습니다 [formal, indicative, past, polite], 나무하느냐 [formal, interrogative, non-past], 나무해 [informal, interrogative, non-past], 나무해요 [informal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 나무합니까 [formal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 나무했느냐 [formal, interrogative, past], 나무했어 [informal, interrogative, past], 나무했어요 [informal, interrogative, past, polite], 나무했습니까 [formal, interrogative, past, polite], 나무하자 [formal, hortative], 나무해 [hortative, informal], 나무해요 [hortative, informal, polite], 나무하십시다 [formal, hortative, polite], 나무해라 [formal, imperative], 나무하여라 [formal, imperative], 나무해 [imperative, informal], 나무해요 [imperative, informal, polite], 나무합시오 [formal, imperative, polite], 나무하겠다 [assertive, formal], 나무하겠어 [assertive, informal], 나무하겠어요 [assertive, informal, polite], 나무하겠습니다 [assertive, formal, polite], 나무해 [causative, formal], 나무해서 [causative, informal], 나무하여서 [causative, informal], 나무하니 [causative, informal, polite], 나무하니까 [causative, formal, polite], 나무하지만 [contrastive, formal], 나무하는데 [contrastive, informal], 나무하더니 [contrastive, informal, polite], 나무하고 [conjunctive, formal], 나무하면 [conditional, formal], 나무해야 [conditional, informal], 나무하여야 [conditional, informal], 나무하려고 [formal, motive-form], 나무함 [formal, noun-from-verb], 나무하기 [informal, noun-from-verb], 나무했음 [formal, noun-from-verb, past], 나무하였음 [formal, noun-from-verb, past], 나무했기 [informal, noun-from-verb, past], 나무하였기 [informal, noun-from-verb, past], 나무한 [determiner, formal, past], 나무하는 [determiner, formal, present], 나무할 [determiner, formal, future], irregular [table-tags], 나무하신다 [formal, indicative, non-past], 나무하셔 [indicative, informal, non-past], 나무하세요 [indicative, informal, non-past, polite], 나무하셔요 [indicative, informal, non-past, polite], 나무하십니다 [formal, indicative, non-past, polite], 나무하셨다 [formal, indicative, past], 나무하셨어 [indicative, informal, past], 나무하셨어요 [indicative, informal, past, polite], 나무하셨습니다 [formal, indicative, past, polite], 나무하시느냐 [formal, interrogative, non-past], 나무하셔 [informal, interrogative, non-past], 나무하세요 [informal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 나무하셔요 [informal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 나무하십니까 [formal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 나무하셨느냐 [formal, interrogative, past], 나무하셨어 [informal, interrogative, past], 나무하셨어요 [informal, interrogative, past, polite], 나무하셨습니까 [formal, interrogative, past, polite], 나무하시라 [formal, imperative], 나무하셔 [imperative, informal], 나무하세요 [imperative, informal, polite], 나무하십시오 [formal, imperative, polite], 나무하시겠다 [assertive, formal], 나무하시겠어 [assertive, informal], 나무하시겠어요 [assertive, informal, polite], 나무하시겠습니다 [assertive, formal, polite], 나무하셔 [causative, formal], 나무하셔서 [causative, informal], 나무하시니 [causative, informal, polite], 나무하시니까 [causative, formal, polite], 나무하시지만 [contrastive, formal], 나무하시는데 [contrastive, informal], 나무하시더니 [contrastive, informal, polite], 나무하시고 [conjunctive, formal], 나무하시면 [conditional, formal], 나무하셔야 [conditional, informal], 나무하시려고 [formal, motive-form], 나무하심 [formal, noun-from-verb], 나무하시기 [informal, noun-from-verb], 나무하셨음 [formal, noun-from-verb, past], 나무하셨기 [informal, noun-from-verb, past], 나무하신 [determiner, formal, past], 나무하시는 [determiner, formal, present], 나무하실 [determiner, formal, future]
  1. (intransitive) to cut and gather firewood Tags: intransitive
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mb",
        "2": "나모ᄒᆞ다〮",
        "3": "nàmwò-hòtá",
        "dot": ","
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in the Myobeomnyeonhwagyeong eonhae (妙法蓮華經諺解 / 묘법연화경언해), 1463, as Middle Korean 나모ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: nàmwò-hòtá),",
      "name": "ko-etym-native"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "나무",
        "3": "-하다",
        "pos2": "light verb deriving active verbs",
        "t1": "tree"
      },
      "expansion": "나무 (namu, “tree”) + 하다 (-hada, light verb deriving active verbs)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "First attested in the Myobeomnyeonhwagyeong eonhae (妙法蓮華經諺解 / 묘법연화경언해), 1463, as Middle Korean 나모ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: nàmwò-hòtá), equivalent to modern 나무 (namu, “tree”) + 하다 (-hada, light verb deriving active verbs).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "namuhada",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무해",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하여",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하니",
      "tags": [
        "sequential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/verb",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무한다",
      "roman": "namuhanda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무해",
      "roman": "namuhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무해요",
      "roman": "namuhaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무합니다",
      "roman": "namuhamnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무했다",
      "roman": "namuhaetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무했어",
      "roman": "namuhaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무했어요",
      "roman": "namuhaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무했습니다",
      "roman": "namuhaetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하느냐",
      "roman": "namuhaneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무해",
      "roman": "namuhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무해요",
      "roman": "namuhaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무합니까",
      "roman": "namuhamnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무했느냐",
      "roman": "namuhaenneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무했어",
      "roman": "namuhaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무했어요",
      "roman": "namuhaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무했습니까",
      "roman": "namuhaetseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하자",
      "roman": "namuhaja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "hortative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무해",
      "roman": "namuhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hortative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무해요",
      "roman": "namuhaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hortative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하십시다",
      "roman": "namuhasipsida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "hortative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무해라",
      "roman": "namuhaera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하여라",
      "roman": "namuhayeora",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무해",
      "roman": "namuhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무해요",
      "roman": "namuhaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무합시오",
      "roman": "namuhapsio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하겠다",
      "roman": "namuhagetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하겠어",
      "roman": "namuhagesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하겠어요",
      "roman": "namuhagesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하겠습니다",
      "roman": "namuhagetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무해",
      "roman": "namuhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무해서",
      "roman": "namuhaeseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하여서",
      "roman": "namuhayeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하니",
      "roman": "namuhani",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하니까",
      "roman": "namuhanikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하지만",
      "roman": "namuhajiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하는데",
      "roman": "namuhaneunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하더니",
      "roman": "namuhadeoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하고",
      "roman": "namuhago",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하면",
      "roman": "namuhamyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무해야",
      "roman": "namuhaeya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하여야",
      "roman": "namuhayeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하려고",
      "roman": "namuharyeogo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "motive-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무함",
      "roman": "namuham",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하기",
      "roman": "namuhagi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무했음",
      "roman": "namuhaesseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하였음",
      "roman": "namuhayeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무했기",
      "roman": "namuhaetgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하였기",
      "roman": "namuhayeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무한",
      "roman": "namuhan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하는",
      "roman": "namuhaneun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무할",
      "roman": "namuhal",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/verb",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하신다",
      "roman": "namuhasinda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셔",
      "roman": "namuhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하세요",
      "roman": "namuhaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셔요",
      "roman": "namuhasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하십니다",
      "roman": "namuhasimnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셨다",
      "roman": "namuhasyeotda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셨어",
      "roman": "namuhasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셨어요",
      "roman": "namuhasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셨습니다",
      "roman": "namuhasyeotseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시느냐",
      "roman": "namuhasineunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셔",
      "roman": "namuhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하세요",
      "roman": "namuhaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셔요",
      "roman": "namuhasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하십니까",
      "roman": "namuhasimnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셨느냐",
      "roman": "namuhasyeonneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셨어",
      "roman": "namuhasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셨어요",
      "roman": "namuhasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셨습니까",
      "roman": "namuhasyeotseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시라",
      "roman": "namuhasira",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셔",
      "roman": "namuhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하세요",
      "roman": "namuhaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하십시오",
      "roman": "namuhasipsio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시겠다",
      "roman": "namuhasigetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시겠어",
      "roman": "namuhasigesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시겠어요",
      "roman": "namuhasigesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시겠습니다",
      "roman": "namuhasigetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셔",
      "roman": "namuhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셔서",
      "roman": "namuhasyeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시니",
      "roman": "namuhasini",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시니까",
      "roman": "namuhasinikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시지만",
      "roman": "namuhasijiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시는데",
      "roman": "namuhasineunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시더니",
      "roman": "namuhasideoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시고",
      "roman": "namuhasigo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시면",
      "roman": "namuhasimyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셔야",
      "roman": "namuhasyeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시려고",
      "roman": "namuhasiryeogo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "motive-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하심",
      "roman": "namuhasim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시기",
      "roman": "namuhasigi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셨음",
      "roman": "namuhasyeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셨기",
      "roman": "namuhasyeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하신",
      "roman": "namuhasin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시는",
      "roman": "namuhasineun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하실",
      "roman": "namuhasil",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "future"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "나무하다 • (namuhada) (infinitive 나무해 or 나무하여, sequential 나무하니)",
      "name": "ko-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms suffixed with -하다",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Native Korean words",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to cut and gather firewood"
      ],
      "id": "en-나무하다-ko-verb-2FVTlly~",
      "links": [
        [
          "cut",
          "cut"
        ],
        [
          "gather",
          "gather"
        ],
        [
          "firewood",
          "firewood"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to cut and gather firewood"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[na̠muɦa̠da̠]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "나무하다"
    },
    {
      "other": "[나무하다]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "나무하다"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mb",
        "2": "나모ᄒᆞ다〮",
        "3": "nàmwò-hòtá",
        "dot": ","
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in the Myobeomnyeonhwagyeong eonhae (妙法蓮華經諺解 / 묘법연화경언해), 1463, as Middle Korean 나모ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: nàmwò-hòtá),",
      "name": "ko-etym-native"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "나무",
        "3": "-하다",
        "pos2": "light verb deriving active verbs",
        "t1": "tree"
      },
      "expansion": "나무 (namu, “tree”) + 하다 (-hada, light verb deriving active verbs)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "First attested in the Myobeomnyeonhwagyeong eonhae (妙法蓮華經諺解 / 묘법연화경언해), 1463, as Middle Korean 나모ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: nàmwò-hòtá), equivalent to modern 나무 (namu, “tree”) + 하다 (-hada, light verb deriving active verbs).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "namuhada",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무해",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하여",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하니",
      "tags": [
        "sequential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/verb",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무한다",
      "roman": "namuhanda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무해",
      "roman": "namuhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무해요",
      "roman": "namuhaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무합니다",
      "roman": "namuhamnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무했다",
      "roman": "namuhaetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무했어",
      "roman": "namuhaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무했어요",
      "roman": "namuhaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무했습니다",
      "roman": "namuhaetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하느냐",
      "roman": "namuhaneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무해",
      "roman": "namuhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무해요",
      "roman": "namuhaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무합니까",
      "roman": "namuhamnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무했느냐",
      "roman": "namuhaenneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무했어",
      "roman": "namuhaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무했어요",
      "roman": "namuhaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무했습니까",
      "roman": "namuhaetseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하자",
      "roman": "namuhaja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "hortative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무해",
      "roman": "namuhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hortative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무해요",
      "roman": "namuhaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hortative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하십시다",
      "roman": "namuhasipsida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "hortative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무해라",
      "roman": "namuhaera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하여라",
      "roman": "namuhayeora",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무해",
      "roman": "namuhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무해요",
      "roman": "namuhaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무합시오",
      "roman": "namuhapsio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하겠다",
      "roman": "namuhagetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하겠어",
      "roman": "namuhagesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하겠어요",
      "roman": "namuhagesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하겠습니다",
      "roman": "namuhagetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무해",
      "roman": "namuhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무해서",
      "roman": "namuhaeseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하여서",
      "roman": "namuhayeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하니",
      "roman": "namuhani",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하니까",
      "roman": "namuhanikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하지만",
      "roman": "namuhajiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하는데",
      "roman": "namuhaneunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하더니",
      "roman": "namuhadeoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하고",
      "roman": "namuhago",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하면",
      "roman": "namuhamyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무해야",
      "roman": "namuhaeya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하여야",
      "roman": "namuhayeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하려고",
      "roman": "namuharyeogo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "motive-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무함",
      "roman": "namuham",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하기",
      "roman": "namuhagi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무했음",
      "roman": "namuhaesseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하였음",
      "roman": "namuhayeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무했기",
      "roman": "namuhaetgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하였기",
      "roman": "namuhayeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무한",
      "roman": "namuhan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하는",
      "roman": "namuhaneun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무할",
      "roman": "namuhal",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/verb",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하신다",
      "roman": "namuhasinda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셔",
      "roman": "namuhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하세요",
      "roman": "namuhaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셔요",
      "roman": "namuhasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하십니다",
      "roman": "namuhasimnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셨다",
      "roman": "namuhasyeotda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셨어",
      "roman": "namuhasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셨어요",
      "roman": "namuhasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셨습니다",
      "roman": "namuhasyeotseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시느냐",
      "roman": "namuhasineunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셔",
      "roman": "namuhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하세요",
      "roman": "namuhaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셔요",
      "roman": "namuhasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하십니까",
      "roman": "namuhasimnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셨느냐",
      "roman": "namuhasyeonneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셨어",
      "roman": "namuhasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셨어요",
      "roman": "namuhasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셨습니까",
      "roman": "namuhasyeotseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시라",
      "roman": "namuhasira",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셔",
      "roman": "namuhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하세요",
      "roman": "namuhaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하십시오",
      "roman": "namuhasipsio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시겠다",
      "roman": "namuhasigetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시겠어",
      "roman": "namuhasigesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시겠어요",
      "roman": "namuhasigesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시겠습니다",
      "roman": "namuhasigetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셔",
      "roman": "namuhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셔서",
      "roman": "namuhasyeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시니",
      "roman": "namuhasini",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시니까",
      "roman": "namuhasinikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시지만",
      "roman": "namuhasijiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시는데",
      "roman": "namuhasineunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시더니",
      "roman": "namuhasideoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시고",
      "roman": "namuhasigo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시면",
      "roman": "namuhasimyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셔야",
      "roman": "namuhasyeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시려고",
      "roman": "namuhasiryeogo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "motive-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하심",
      "roman": "namuhasim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시기",
      "roman": "namuhasigi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셨음",
      "roman": "namuhasyeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하셨기",
      "roman": "namuhasyeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하신",
      "roman": "namuhasin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하시는",
      "roman": "namuhasineun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "나무하실",
      "roman": "namuhasil",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "future"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "나무하다 • (namuhada) (infinitive 나무해 or 나무하여, sequential 나무하니)",
      "name": "ko-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
        "Korean ha-irregular verbs",
        "Korean intransitive verbs",
        "Korean lemmas",
        "Korean terms derived from Middle Korean",
        "Korean terms inherited from Middle Korean",
        "Korean terms suffixed with -하다",
        "Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
        "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
        "Korean verbs",
        "Native Korean words",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to cut and gather firewood"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cut",
          "cut"
        ],
        [
          "gather",
          "gather"
        ],
        [
          "firewood",
          "firewood"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to cut and gather firewood"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[na̠muɦa̠da̠]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "나무하다"
    },
    {
      "other": "[나무하다]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "나무하다"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 나무하다 meaning in All languages combined (13.8kB)

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.