See 身毒 on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "身毒"
},
"expansion": "身毒",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "身毒",
"2": "^しんどく",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "身毒(しんどく) (Shindoku)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "^연독(身毒)",
"3": "^건독(身毒)",
"4": "^신독(身毒)",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"id": "身毒",
"id2": "身毒",
"id3": "身毒",
"id4": "",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 연독(身毒) (Yeondok), 건독(身毒) (Geondok), 신독(身毒) (Sindok)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "身毒",
"2": "^しんどく",
"3": "^연독",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "身毒",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "^건독",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "^신독",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "身毒",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "身毒",
"v": "身毒",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (身毒):\n* → Japanese: 身毒(しんどく) (Shindoku)\n* → Korean: 연독(身毒) (Yeondok), 건독(身毒) (Geondok), 신독(身毒) (Sindok)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "^しんどく",
"3": "^연독",
"k2": "^건독",
"k3": "^신독"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (身毒):\n* → Japanese: 身毒(しんどく) (Shindoku)\n* → Korean: 연독(身毒) (Yeondok), 건독(身毒) (Geondok), 신독(身毒) (Sindok)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (身毒):\n* → Japanese: 身毒(しんどく) (Shindoku)\n* → Korean: 연독(身毒) (Yeondok), 건독(身毒) (Geondok), 신독(身毒) (Sindok)"
}
],
"etymology_examples": [
{
"english": "Juandu (捐毒), Yuandu (身毒) and Tiandu (天篤) are originally the same name pronounced either lightly or with emphasis.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "Juāndú jí Yuāndú, Tiāndǔ yě, běn jiē yī míng, yǔ yǒu qīngzhòng ěr.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "捐毒即身毒、天篤也，本皆一名，語有輕重耳。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Juandu (捐毒), Yuandu (身毒) and Tiandu (天篤) are originally the same name pronounced either lightly or with emphasis.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "Juāndú jí Yuāndú, Tiāndǔ yě, běn jiē yī míng, yǔ yǒu qīngzhòng ěr.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "捐毒即身毒、天笃也，本皆一名，语有轻重耳。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "peo",
"t": "India",
"tr": "*Hinduka"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian [script needed] (*Hinduka, “India”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "天竺"
},
"expansion": "天竺 (Tiānzhú)",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "新頭 新陶 辛頭 信度"
},
"expansion": "新頭 新陶 辛頭 信度",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "身毒"
},
"expansion": "身毒",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*天竺"
},
"expansion": "天竺",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "捐毒"
},
"expansion": "捐毒",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "身毒"
},
"expansion": "身毒",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "天篤"
},
"expansion": "天篤",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*身"
},
"expansion": "身",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "身"
},
"expansion": "身 (shēn)",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "天"
},
"expansion": "天",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*天竺",
"2": "India"
},
"expansion": "天竺 (“India”)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Transcription of the same Old Persian [script needed] (*Hinduka, “India”) (or its minor variants, such as 𐏃𐎡𐎯𐎢𐏁 (hinduš)) as 天竺 (Tiānzhú). It is the oldest of the Chinese names for India, and occurs in Shiji in connection with the mission of Zhang Qian to Daxia.\nUsing Middle Chinese reconstructions of the two characters in this word (ɕiɪn duok̚) gives the false impression that this is derived from the name of Sindhu (सिन्धु) – the name of the westernmost kingdom of India. Factors making this etymology unlikely include:\n# Zhang Qian had no direct contact with India or with the Indians. He gathered the name from the people of Daxia which was a pure Iranian zone then under the occupation of Yuezhi;\n# The choice of an alveolopalatal sibilant ɕ- for a clear dental sibilant s- in the original language; cf. known transcriptions of Sindhu: 新頭 新陶 辛頭 信度, all commencing with a dental sibilant; and\n# The presence of a final -k in 身毒, as in 天竺.\nThe ancient Chinese writers have long suggested that shēn in this word had a different pronunciation. Yan Shigu in his commentary to the Hanshu says:\n:\nThe variant of Late Old Chinese that Zhang Qian had used showed the dialectal development of Old Chinese 身 *n̥in > *χin ~ hin, explaining the choice of 身 (shēn). This is perhaps comparable to the case of 天 in 天竺 (“India”), also a dialectal Old Chinese variant pronunciation. Modern dictionaries variably designate the proper pronunciation of this word in modern Beijing Mandarin as Juāndú, Yuándú, Yuāndú, but rarely Shēndú as would be pronounced by an unknowledgeable native.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "身毒",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"India"
],
"id": "en-身毒-zh-name-q9FJIUU5",
"links": [
[
"India",
"India"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, obsolete) India"
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "Tiānzhú",
"word": "天竺"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "Tiānzhú",
"word": "天竺"
},
{
"roman": "Xiándòu",
"word": "賢豆"
},
{
"roman": "Xiándòu",
"word": "贤豆"
},
{
"word": "狷篤"
},
{
"word": "狷笃"
},
{
"word": "乾篤"
},
{
"word": "干笃"
},
{
"roman": "Yìndù",
"tags": [
"modern"
],
"word": "印度"
}
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"obsolete"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daxia",
"Hanshu",
"Shiji",
"Yan Shigu",
"Yuezhi",
"Zhang Qian"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Juāndú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Yuándú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Yuāndú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄩㄢ ㄉㄨˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄩㄢˊ ㄉㄨˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄩㄢ ㄉㄨˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gyun¹ duk¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "jyun⁴ duk¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gyun¹ duk⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Juāndú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Jyuandú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "Chüan¹-tu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "Jywān-dú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Jiuandwu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Цзюаньду"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Czjuanʹdu"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕy̯ɛn⁵⁵ tu³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Yuándú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Yuándú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "Yüan²-tu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "Ywán-dú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Yuandwu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Юаньду"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Juanʹdu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɥɛn³⁵ tu³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Yuāndú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Yuandú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "Yüan¹-tu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "Ywān-dú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Iuandwu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɥɛn⁵⁵ tu³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gyūn dūk"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "yùhn dūk"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gyūn duhk"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gyn¹ duk⁷"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jyn⁴ duk⁷"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gyn¹ duk⁹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gün¹ dug¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "yun⁴ dug¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gün¹ dug⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/kyːn⁵⁵ tʊk̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/jyːn²¹ tʊk̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kyːn⁵⁵ tʊk̚²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "syin dowk"
},
{
"other": "/ jyun⁴ duk¹ /"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕy̯ɛn⁵⁵ tu³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɥɛn³⁵ tu³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɥɛn⁵⁵ tu³⁵/"
},
{
"other": "/ jyn⁴ duk⁷ /"
},
{
"other": "/ yun⁴ dug¹ /"
},
{
"ipa": "/kyːn⁵⁵ tʊk̚⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/jyːn²¹ tʊk̚⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kyːn⁵⁵ tʊk̚²/"
}
],
"word": "身毒"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "身毒"
},
"expansion": "身毒 (MC syin dowk)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 身毒 (MC syin dowk).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "身毒",
"ruby": [
[
"身",
"しん"
],
[
"毒",
"どく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "Shindoku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "proper",
"2": "しんどく"
},
"expansion": "身(しん)毒(どく) • (Shindoku)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the Chinese term used to refer to India; India"
],
"id": "en-身毒-ja-name-ayAO8thq",
"links": [
[
"India",
"India"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, obsolete) the Chinese term used to refer to India; India"
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "indo",
"word": "インド"
},
{
"roman": "tenjiku",
"ruby": [
[
"天竺",
"てんじく"
]
],
"word": "天竺"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɕĩndo̞kɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "身毒"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "身毒"
},
"expansion": "身毒",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "身毒",
"2": "^しんどく",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "身毒(しんどく) (Shindoku)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "^연독(身毒)",
"3": "^건독(身毒)",
"4": "^신독(身毒)",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"id": "身毒",
"id2": "身毒",
"id3": "身毒",
"id4": "",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 연독(身毒) (Yeondok), 건독(身毒) (Geondok), 신독(身毒) (Sindok)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "身毒",
"2": "^しんどく",
"3": "^연독",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "身毒",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "^건독",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "^신독",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "身毒",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "身毒",
"v": "身毒",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (身毒):\n* → Japanese: 身毒(しんどく) (Shindoku)\n* → Korean: 연독(身毒) (Yeondok), 건독(身毒) (Geondok), 신독(身毒) (Sindok)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "^しんどく",
"3": "^연독",
"k2": "^건독",
"k3": "^신독"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (身毒):\n* → Japanese: 身毒(しんどく) (Shindoku)\n* → Korean: 연독(身毒) (Yeondok), 건독(身毒) (Geondok), 신독(身毒) (Sindok)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (身毒):\n* → Japanese: 身毒(しんどく) (Shindoku)\n* → Korean: 연독(身毒) (Yeondok), 건독(身毒) (Geondok), 신독(身毒) (Sindok)"
}
],
"etymology_examples": [
{
"english": "Juandu (捐毒), Yuandu (身毒) and Tiandu (天篤) are originally the same name pronounced either lightly or with emphasis.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "Juāndú jí Yuāndú, Tiāndǔ yě, běn jiē yī míng, yǔ yǒu qīngzhòng ěr.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "捐毒即身毒、天篤也，本皆一名，語有輕重耳。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Juandu (捐毒), Yuandu (身毒) and Tiandu (天篤) are originally the same name pronounced either lightly or with emphasis.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "Juāndú jí Yuāndú, Tiāndǔ yě, běn jiē yī míng, yǔ yǒu qīngzhòng ěr.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "捐毒即身毒、天笃也，本皆一名，语有轻重耳。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "peo",
"t": "India",
"tr": "*Hinduka"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian [script needed] (*Hinduka, “India”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "天竺"
},
"expansion": "天竺 (Tiānzhú)",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "新頭 新陶 辛頭 信度"
},
"expansion": "新頭 新陶 辛頭 信度",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "身毒"
},
"expansion": "身毒",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*天竺"
},
"expansion": "天竺",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "捐毒"
},
"expansion": "捐毒",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "身毒"
},
"expansion": "身毒",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "天篤"
},
"expansion": "天篤",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*身"
},
"expansion": "身",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "身"
},
"expansion": "身 (shēn)",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "天"
},
"expansion": "天",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*天竺",
"2": "India"
},
"expansion": "天竺 (“India”)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Transcription of the same Old Persian [script needed] (*Hinduka, “India”) (or its minor variants, such as 𐏃𐎡𐎯𐎢𐏁 (hinduš)) as 天竺 (Tiānzhú). It is the oldest of the Chinese names for India, and occurs in Shiji in connection with the mission of Zhang Qian to Daxia.\nUsing Middle Chinese reconstructions of the two characters in this word (ɕiɪn duok̚) gives the false impression that this is derived from the name of Sindhu (सिन्धु) – the name of the westernmost kingdom of India. Factors making this etymology unlikely include:\n# Zhang Qian had no direct contact with India or with the Indians. He gathered the name from the people of Daxia which was a pure Iranian zone then under the occupation of Yuezhi;\n# The choice of an alveolopalatal sibilant ɕ- for a clear dental sibilant s- in the original language; cf. known transcriptions of Sindhu: 新頭 新陶 辛頭 信度, all commencing with a dental sibilant; and\n# The presence of a final -k in 身毒, as in 天竺.\nThe ancient Chinese writers have long suggested that shēn in this word had a different pronunciation. Yan Shigu in his commentary to the Hanshu says:\n:\nThe variant of Late Old Chinese that Zhang Qian had used showed the dialectal development of Old Chinese 身 *n̥in > *χin ~ hin, explaining the choice of 身 (shēn). This is perhaps comparable to the case of 天 in 天竺 (“India”), also a dialectal Old Chinese variant pronunciation. Modern dictionaries variably designate the proper pronunciation of this word in modern Beijing Mandarin as Juāndú, Yuándú, Yuāndú, but rarely Shēndú as would be pronounced by an unknowledgeable native.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "身毒",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"roman": "Tiānzhú",
"word": "天竺"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese proper nouns",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese literary terms",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms derived from Old Persian",
"Chinese terms spelled with 毒",
"Chinese terms spelled with 身",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese terms with obsolete senses",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin proper nouns",
"Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese proper nouns",
"Old Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for native script for Old Persian terms"
],
"glosses": [
"India"
],
"links": [
[
"India",
"India"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, obsolete) India"
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"obsolete"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daxia",
"Hanshu",
"Shiji",
"Yan Shigu",
"Yuezhi",
"Zhang Qian"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Juāndú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Yuándú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Yuāndú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄩㄢ ㄉㄨˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄩㄢˊ ㄉㄨˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄩㄢ ㄉㄨˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gyun¹ duk¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "jyun⁴ duk¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gyun¹ duk⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Juāndú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Jyuandú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "Chüan¹-tu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "Jywān-dú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Jiuandwu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Цзюаньду"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Czjuanʹdu"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕy̯ɛn⁵⁵ tu³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Yuándú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Yuándú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "Yüan²-tu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "Ywán-dú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Yuandwu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Юаньду"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Juanʹdu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɥɛn³⁵ tu³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Yuāndú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Yuandú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "Yüan¹-tu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "Ywān-dú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Iuandwu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɥɛn⁵⁵ tu³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gyūn dūk"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "yùhn dūk"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gyūn duhk"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gyn¹ duk⁷"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jyn⁴ duk⁷"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gyn¹ duk⁹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gün¹ dug¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "yun⁴ dug¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gün¹ dug⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/kyːn⁵⁵ tʊk̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/jyːn²¹ tʊk̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kyːn⁵⁵ tʊk̚²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "syin dowk"
},
{
"other": "/ jyun⁴ duk¹ /"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕy̯ɛn⁵⁵ tu³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɥɛn³⁵ tu³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɥɛn⁵⁵ tu³⁵/"
},
{
"other": "/ jyn⁴ duk⁷ /"
},
{
"other": "/ yun⁴ dug¹ /"
},
{
"ipa": "/kyːn⁵⁵ tʊk̚⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/jyːn²¹ tʊk̚⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kyːn⁵⁵ tʊk̚²/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "Tiānzhú",
"word": "天竺"
},
{
"roman": "Xiándòu",
"word": "賢豆"
},
{
"roman": "Xiándòu",
"word": "贤豆"
},
{
"word": "狷篤"
},
{
"word": "狷笃"
},
{
"word": "乾篤"
},
{
"word": "干笃"
},
{
"roman": "Yìndù",
"tags": [
"modern"
],
"word": "印度"
}
],
"word": "身毒"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "身毒"
},
"expansion": "身毒 (MC syin dowk)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 身毒 (MC syin dowk).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "身毒",
"ruby": [
[
"身",
"しん"
],
[
"毒",
"どく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "Shindoku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "proper",
"2": "しんどく"
},
"expansion": "身(しん)毒(どく) • (Shindoku)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"roman": "indo",
"word": "インド"
},
{
"roman": "tenjiku",
"ruby": [
[
"天竺",
"てんじく"
]
],
"word": "天竺"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese proper nouns",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with obsolete senses",
"Japanese terms with rare senses",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"the Chinese term used to refer to India; India"
],
"links": [
[
"India",
"India"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, obsolete) the Chinese term used to refer to India; India"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɕĩndo̞kɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "身毒"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 身毒 meaning in All languages combined (11.4kB)
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese, variant)⁺'",
"path": [
"身毒"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "身毒",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"身毒"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "身毒",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"身毒"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "身毒",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"身毒"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "身毒",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.