"證言" meaning in All languages combined

See 證言 on Wiktionary

Noun [Chinese]

IPA: /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹ jɛn³⁵/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA, standard], /t͡sɪŋ³³ jiːn²¹/ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Sinological-IPA], /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹ jɛn³⁵/, /t͡sɪŋ³³ jiːn²¹/ Chinese transliterations: zhèngyán [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄓㄥˋ ㄧㄢˊ [Mandarin, bopomofo], zing³ jin⁴ [Cantonese, Jyutping], zhèngyán [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin, standard], ㄓㄥˋ ㄧㄢˊ [Mandarin, bopomofo, standard], jhèngyán [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin, standard], chêng⁴-yen² [Mandarin, Wade-Giles, standard], jèng-yán [Mandarin, Yale, standard], jenqyan [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin, standard], чжэнъянь [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], čžɛnʺjanʹ [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], zing³ jin⁴ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Jyutping], jing yìhn [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Yale], dzing³ jin⁴ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Pinyin], jing³ yin⁴ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong] Forms: 证言
Head templates: {{head|zh|noun}} 證言
  1. testimony Categories (topical): Law Synonyms: 證詞/证词 (zhèngcí), 證詞 (zhèngcí), 证词 (zhèngcí)
    Sense id: en-證言-zh-noun-Erghtfba Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header

Noun [Japanese]

Forms: 證言 [canonical] (ruby: (しょう), (げん)), shōgen [romanization]
Head templates: {{ja-noun|しょうげん}} 證(しょう)言(げん) • (shōgen)
  1. testimony
    Sense id: en-證言-ja-noun-Erghtfba Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 50 50 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 54 46 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 54 46 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 54 46

Verb [Japanese]

Forms: 證言する [canonical] (ruby: (しょう), (げん)), shōgen suru [romanization], 證言し [stem] (ruby: (しょう), (げん)), 證言した [past] (ruby: (しょう), (げん)), no-table-tags [table-tags], 證言し [error-unrecognized-form], しょうげんし [error-unrecognized-form], shōgen shi [error-unrecognized-form], 證言する [error-unrecognized-form], しょうげんする [error-unrecognized-form], shōgen suru [error-unrecognized-form], 證言すれ [error-unrecognized-form], しょうげんすれ [error-unrecognized-form], shōgen sure [error-unrecognized-form], 證言せよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], 證言しろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], しょうげんせよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], しょうげんしろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], shōgen seyo [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], shōgen shiro [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], 證言される [passive], しょうげんされる [passive], shōgen sareru [passive], 證言させる [causative], 證言さす [causative], しょうげんさせる [causative], しょうげんさす [causative], shōgen saseru [causative], shōgen sasu [causative], 證言できる [potential], しょうげんできる [potential], shōgen dekiru [potential], 證言しよう [volitional], しょうげんしよう [volitional], shōgen shiyō [volitional], 證言しない [negative], しょうげんしない [negative], shōgen shinai [negative], 證言せず [continuative, negative], しょうげんせず [continuative, negative], shōgen sezu [continuative, negative], 證言します [formal], しょうげんします [formal], shōgen shimasu [formal], 證言した [perfective], しょうげんした [perfective], shōgen shita [perfective], 證言して [conjunctive], しょうげんして [conjunctive], shōgen shite [conjunctive], 證言すれば [conditional, hypothetical], しょうげんすれば [conditional, hypothetical], shōgen sureba [conditional, hypothetical]
  1. to testify
    Sense id: en-證言-ja-verb-7kySww3u Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Japanese verbs without transitivity Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 50 50 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 54 46 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 54 46 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 54 46 Disambiguation of Japanese verbs without transitivity: 31 69

Noun [Korean]

Forms: jeung'eon [romanization], 증언 [hangeul]
Head templates: {{ko-noun|hj|hangeul=증언|rv=}} 證言 • (jeung'eon) (hangeul 증언)
  1. Hanja form of 증언 (“testimony”). Tags: alt-of, hanja Alternative form of: 증언 (extra: testimony)

Download JSON data for 證言 meaning in All languages combined (10.3kB)

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "证言",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "證言",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Law",
          "orig": "zh:Law",
          "parents": [
            "Justice",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "testimony"
      ],
      "id": "en-證言-zh-noun-Erghtfba",
      "links": [
        [
          "testimony",
          "testimony"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "zhèngcí",
          "word": "證詞/证词"
        },
        {
          "roman": "zhèngcí",
          "word": "證詞"
        },
        {
          "roman": "zhèngcí",
          "word": "证词"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zhèngyán"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄓㄥˋ ㄧㄢˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zing³ jin⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zhèngyán"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄓㄥˋ ㄧㄢˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jhèngyán"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chêng⁴-yen²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jèng-yán"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jenqyan"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "чжэнъянь"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "čžɛnʺjanʹ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹ jɛn³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zing³ jin⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jing yìhn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dzing³ jin⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jing³ yin⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sɪŋ³³ jiːn²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹ jɛn³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sɪŋ³³ jiːn²¹/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "證言"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "證言",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "證",
          "しょう"
        ],
        [
          "言",
          "げん"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "しょうげん"
      },
      "expansion": "證(しょう)言(げん) • (shōgen)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "testimony"
      ],
      "id": "en-證言-ja-noun-Erghtfba",
      "links": [
        [
          "testimony",
          "testimony"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "證言"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "證言する",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "證",
          "しょう"
        ],
        [
          "言",
          "げん"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen suru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言し",
      "roman": "shōgen shi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "證",
          "しょう"
        ],
        [
          "言",
          "げん"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言した",
      "roman": "shōgen shita",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "證",
          "しょう"
        ],
        [
          "言",
          "げん"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen shi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言する",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言すれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言せよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言しろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen shiro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言される",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen sareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言させる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言さす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen saseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen sasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言できる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen dekiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言しよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen shiyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言しない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen shinai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言せず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言します",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen shimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言した",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen shita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言して",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen shite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言すれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 69",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to testify"
      ],
      "id": "en-證言-ja-verb-7kySww3u",
      "links": [
        [
          "testify",
          "testify"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "證言"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "jeung'eon",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "증언",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hj",
        "hangeul": "증언",
        "rv": ""
      },
      "expansion": "證言 • (jeung'eon) (hangeul 증언)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "testimony",
          "word": "증언"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hanja form of 증언 (“testimony”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-證言-ko-noun-~Zt-RIqm",
      "links": [
        [
          "Hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "증언",
          "증언#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "testimony",
          "testimony"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "證言"
}
{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "证言",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "證言",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese lemmas",
        "Cantonese nouns",
        "Cantonese terms with homophones",
        "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chinese lemmas",
        "Chinese nouns",
        "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Mandarin lemmas",
        "Mandarin nouns",
        "Mandarin terms with homophones",
        "zh:Law"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "testimony"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "testimony",
          "testimony"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zhèngyán"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄓㄥˋ ㄧㄢˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zing³ jin⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zhèngyán"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄓㄥˋ ㄧㄢˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jhèngyán"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chêng⁴-yen²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jèng-yán"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jenqyan"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "чжэнъянь"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "čžɛnʺjanʹ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹ jɛn³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zing³ jin⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jing yìhn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dzing³ jin⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jing³ yin⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sɪŋ³³ jiːn²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹ jɛn³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sɪŋ³³ jiːn²¹/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "zhèngcí",
      "word": "證詞/证词"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhèngcí",
      "word": "證詞"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhèngcí",
      "word": "证词"
    }
  ],
  "word": "證言"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese suru verbs",
    "Japanese terms spelled with hyōgaiji kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Japanese verbs without transitivity"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "證言",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "證",
          "しょう"
        ],
        [
          "言",
          "げん"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "しょうげん"
      },
      "expansion": "證(しょう)言(げん) • (shōgen)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "testimony"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "testimony",
          "testimony"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "證言"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese suru verbs",
    "Japanese terms spelled with hyōgaiji kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Japanese verbs without transitivity"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "證言する",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "證",
          "しょう"
        ],
        [
          "言",
          "げん"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen suru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言し",
      "roman": "shōgen shi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "證",
          "しょう"
        ],
        [
          "言",
          "げん"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言した",
      "roman": "shōgen shita",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "證",
          "しょう"
        ],
        [
          "言",
          "げん"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen shi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言する",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言すれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言せよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言しろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen shiro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言される",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen sareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言させる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言さす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen saseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen sasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言できる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen dekiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言しよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen shiyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言しない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen shinai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言せず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言します",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen shimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言した",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen shita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言して",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen shite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "證言すれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しょうげんすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shōgen sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to testify"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "testify",
          "testify"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "證言"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "jeung'eon",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "증언",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hj",
        "hangeul": "증언",
        "rv": ""
      },
      "expansion": "證言 • (jeung'eon) (hangeul 증언)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "testimony",
          "word": "증언"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
        "Korean lemmas",
        "Korean nouns",
        "Korean nouns in Han script",
        "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Korean terms with redundant script codes"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hanja form of 증언 (“testimony”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "증언",
          "증언#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "testimony",
          "testimony"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "證言"
}
{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <sup> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "證言"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "證言",
  "trace": "started on line 18, detected on line 18"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </sup>",
  "path": [
    "證言"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "證言",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "證言"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "證言",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
  "path": [
    "證言"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "證言",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
  "path": [
    "證言"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "證言",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
  "path": [
    "證言"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "證言",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
  "path": [
    "證言"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "證言",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
  "path": [
    "證言"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "證言",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
  "path": [
    "證言"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "證言",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (1b9bfc5 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.