See 證言 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "證言",
"ruby": [
[
"證",
"しょう"
],
[
"言",
"げん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "しょうげん"
},
"expansion": "證(しょう)言(げん) • (shōgen)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"testimony"
],
"id": "en-證言-ja-noun-Erghtfba",
"links": [
[
"testimony",
"testimony"
]
]
}
],
"word": "證言"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "證言する",
"ruby": [
[
"證",
"しょう"
],
[
"言",
"げん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "證言し",
"roman": "shōgen shi",
"ruby": [
[
"證",
"しょう"
],
[
"言",
"げん"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "證言した",
"roman": "shōgen shita",
"ruby": [
[
"證",
"しょう"
],
[
"言",
"げん"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "證言し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "證言する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "證言すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "證言せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "證言しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "證言される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "證言させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "證言さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "證言できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "證言しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "證言しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "證言せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "證言します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "證言した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "證言して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "證言すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "しょうげん"
},
"expansion": "證(しょう)言(げん)する • (shōgen suru) suru (stem 證(しょう)言(げん)し (shōgen shi), past 證(しょう)言(げん)した (shōgen shita))",
"name": "ja-verb-suru"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to testify"
],
"id": "en-證言-ja-verb-7kySww3u",
"links": [
[
"testify",
"testify"
]
]
}
],
"word": "證言"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with hyōgai kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "證言",
"ruby": [
[
"證",
"しょう"
],
[
"言",
"げん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "しょうげん"
},
"expansion": "證(しょう)言(げん) • (shōgen)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"testimony"
],
"links": [
[
"testimony",
"testimony"
]
]
}
],
"word": "證言"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with hyōgai kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "證言する",
"ruby": [
[
"證",
"しょう"
],
[
"言",
"げん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "證言し",
"roman": "shōgen shi",
"ruby": [
[
"證",
"しょう"
],
[
"言",
"げん"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "證言した",
"roman": "shōgen shita",
"ruby": [
[
"證",
"しょう"
],
[
"言",
"げん"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "證言し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "證言する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "證言すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "證言せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "證言しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "證言される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "證言させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "證言さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "證言できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "證言しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "證言しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "證言せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "證言します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "證言した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "證言して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "證言すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "しょうげんすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "shōgen sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "しょうげん"
},
"expansion": "證(しょう)言(げん)する • (shōgen suru) suru (stem 證(しょう)言(げん)し (shōgen shi), past 證(しょう)言(げん)した (shōgen shita))",
"name": "ja-verb-suru"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to testify"
],
"links": [
[
"testify",
"testify"
]
]
}
],
"word": "證言"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 證言 meaning in Japanese (6.4kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"證言"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "證言",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"證言"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "證言",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"證言"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "證言",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"證言"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "證言",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"證言"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "證言",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"證言"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "證言",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"證言"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "證言",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (99a4ed9 and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.