突變論 in All languages combined

IPA: /tʰu⁵⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu̯ən⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /tʰu³⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu̯ən⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /tʰu⁵⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu̯ən⁵¹/, /tʰu³⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu̯ən⁵¹/ Chinese transliterations: tūbiànlùn [Mandarin, Pinyin], túbiànlùn [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄊㄨㄅㄧㄢˋ ㄌㄨㄣˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], ㄊㄨˊ ㄅㄧㄢˋ ㄌㄨㄣˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], tūbiànlùn [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], tubiànlùn [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], tʻu¹-pien⁴-lun⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], tū-byàn-lwùn [Mandarin, Yale], tubiannluenn [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], тубяньлунь [Mandarin, Palladius], tubjanʹlunʹ [Mandarin, Palladius], túbiànlùn [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], túbiànlùn [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], tʻu²-pien⁴-lun⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], tú-byàn-lwùn [Mandarin, Yale], twubiannluenn [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Head templates: {{head|zh|noun}} 突變論

[Show JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "突變論",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Mathematics",
          "orig": "zh:Mathematics",
          "parents": [
            "Formal sciences",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Systems theory",
          "orig": "zh:Systems theory",
          "parents": [
            "Sciences",
            "Systems",
            "All topics",
            "Interdisciplinary fields",
            "Society",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "catastrophe theory"
      ],
      "id": "en-突變論-zh-noun-~P75-gOn",
      "links": [
        [
          "mathematics",
          "mathematics"
        ],
        [
          "catastrophe theory",
          "catastrophe theory"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(mathematics) catastrophe theory"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "tūbiàn lǐlùn",
          "word": "突變理論／突变理论"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tūbiàn lǐlùn",
          "word": "突變理論"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tūbiàn lǐlùn",
          "word": "突变理论"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "mathematics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tūbiànlùn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "túbiànlùn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄊㄨ ㄅㄧㄢˋ ㄌㄨㄣˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄊㄨˊ ㄅㄧㄢˋ ㄌㄨㄣˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tūbiànlùn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tubiànlùn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tʻu¹-pien⁴-lun⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tū-byàn-lwùn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tubiannluenn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "тубяньлунь"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tubjanʹlunʹ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰu⁵⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu̯ən⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "túbiànlùn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "túbiànlùn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tʻu²-pien⁴-lun⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tú-byàn-lwùn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "twubiannluenn"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰu³⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu̯ən⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰu⁵⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu̯ən⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰu³⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu̯ən⁵¹/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "突變論"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "突變論",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chinese lemmas",
        "Chinese nouns",
        "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Mandarin lemmas",
        "Mandarin nouns",
        "Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations",
        "zh:Mathematics",
        "zh:Systems theory"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "catastrophe theory"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mathematics",
          "mathematics"
        ],
        [
          "catastrophe theory",
          "catastrophe theory"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(mathematics) catastrophe theory"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "mathematics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tūbiànlùn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "túbiànlùn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄊㄨ ㄅㄧㄢˋ ㄌㄨㄣˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄊㄨˊ ㄅㄧㄢˋ ㄌㄨㄣˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tūbiànlùn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tubiànlùn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tʻu¹-pien⁴-lun⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tū-byàn-lwùn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tubiannluenn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "тубяньлунь"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tubjanʹlunʹ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰu⁵⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu̯ən⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "túbiànlùn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "túbiànlùn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tʻu²-pien⁴-lun⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tú-byàn-lwùn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "twubiannluenn"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰu³⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu̯ən⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰu⁵⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu̯ən⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰu³⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu̯ən⁵¹/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "tūbiàn lǐlùn",
      "word": "突變理論／突变理论"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tūbiàn lǐlùn",
      "word": "突變理論"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tūbiàn lǐlùn",
      "word": "突变理论"
    }
  ],
  "word": "突變論"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (4d5d0bb and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"突變論" meaning in All languages combined

Noun [Chinese]