See 突變理論 on Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "突变理论",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "突變理論",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Mathematics",
"orig": "zh:Mathematics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Systems theory",
"orig": "zh:Systems theory",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"catastrophe theory"
],
"id": "en-突變理論-zh-noun-~P75-gOn",
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"catastrophe theory",
"catastrophe theory"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics) catastrophe theory"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "tūbiànlùn",
"word": "突變論"
},
{
"roman": "tūbiànlùn",
"word": "突变论"
}
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "tūbiàn lǐlùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "túbiàn lǐlùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄊㄨ ㄅㄧㄢˋ ㄌㄧˇ ㄌㄨㄣˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄊㄨˊ ㄅㄧㄢˋ ㄌㄧˇ ㄌㄨㄣˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "dat⁶ bin³ lei⁵ leon⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "tūbiàn lǐlùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄊㄨ ㄅㄧㄢˋ ㄌㄧˇ ㄌㄨㄣˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "tubiàn lǐlùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "tʻu¹-pien⁴ li³-lun⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "tū-byàn lǐ-lwùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "tubiann liiluenn"
},
{
"roman": "tubjanʹ lilunʹ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "тубянь лилунь"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu⁵⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ən⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Taiwan",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "túbiàn lǐlùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Taiwan",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄊㄨˊ ㄅㄧㄢˋ ㄌㄧˇ ㄌㄨㄣˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Taiwan",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "túbiàn lǐlùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Taiwan",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "tʻu²-pien⁴ li³-lun⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Taiwan",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "tú-byàn lǐ-lwùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Taiwan",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "twubiann liiluenn"
},
{
"roman": "tubjanʹ lilunʹ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Taiwan",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "тубянь лилунь"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu³⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ən⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Taiwan",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "dat⁶ bin³ lei⁵ leon⁶"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "daht bin léih leuhn"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "dat⁹ bin³ lei⁵ loen⁶"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "ded⁶ bin³ léi⁵ lên⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɐt̚² piːn³³ lei̯¹³ lɵn²²/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
}
],
"word": "突變理論"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "突变理论",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "突變理論",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese nouns",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 理",
"Chinese terms spelled with 突",
"Chinese terms spelled with 論",
"Chinese terms spelled with 變",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin nouns",
"Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"zh:Mathematics",
"zh:Systems theory"
],
"glosses": [
"catastrophe theory"
],
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"catastrophe theory",
"catastrophe theory"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics) catastrophe theory"
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "tūbiàn lǐlùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "túbiàn lǐlùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄊㄨ ㄅㄧㄢˋ ㄌㄧˇ ㄌㄨㄣˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄊㄨˊ ㄅㄧㄢˋ ㄌㄧˇ ㄌㄨㄣˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "dat⁶ bin³ lei⁵ leon⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "tūbiàn lǐlùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄊㄨ ㄅㄧㄢˋ ㄌㄧˇ ㄌㄨㄣˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "tubiàn lǐlùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "tʻu¹-pien⁴ li³-lun⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "tū-byàn lǐ-lwùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "tubiann liiluenn"
},
{
"roman": "tubjanʹ lilunʹ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "тубянь лилунь"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu⁵⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ən⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Taiwan",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "túbiàn lǐlùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Taiwan",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄊㄨˊ ㄅㄧㄢˋ ㄌㄧˇ ㄌㄨㄣˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Taiwan",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "túbiàn lǐlùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Taiwan",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "tʻu²-pien⁴ li³-lun⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Taiwan",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "tú-byàn lǐ-lwùn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Taiwan",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "twubiann liiluenn"
},
{
"roman": "tubjanʹ lilunʹ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Taiwan",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "тубянь лилунь"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu³⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ən⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Taiwan",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "dat⁶ bin³ lei⁵ leon⁶"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "daht bin léih leuhn"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "dat⁹ bin³ lei⁵ loen⁶"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "ded⁶ bin³ léi⁵ lên⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɐt̚² piːn³³ lei̯¹³ lɵn²²/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "tūbiànlùn",
"word": "突變論"
},
{
"roman": "tūbiànlùn",
"word": "突变论"
}
],
"word": "突變理論"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 突變理論 meaning in All languages combined (4.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.