See 氓 on Wiktionary
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"氓 (Kangxi radical 83, 氏+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 卜女口女心 (YVRVP), four-corner 0774₇, composition ⿰亡民)"
],
"id": "en-氓-mul-character-k0ojDdQy",
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"亡",
"亡#Translingual"
],
[
"民",
"民#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "氓"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "psc",
"adj": "",
"nocap": "",
"pron": "OC *mraːŋ"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *mraːŋ)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "亡",
"2": "民",
"c1": "p",
"c2": "s",
"ls": "psc",
"t2": "people"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *mraːŋ): phonetic 亡 (OC *maŋ) + semantic 民 (“people”)",
"name": "Han compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh:流氓"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "zh-wp"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *mraːŋ): phonetic 亡 (OC *maŋ) + semantic 民 (“people”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𣱅"
},
{
"form": "萌"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "氓",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "liúmáng",
"word": "流氓"
},
{
"word": "流氓罪"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Only used in 流氓 (liúmáng)."
],
"id": "en-氓-zh-character-rqBgiB3K",
"links": [
[
"流氓",
"流氓#Chinese"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "máng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mang²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄇㄤˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "mong⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "man⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "meng²"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "morng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "bâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "bîn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "mang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "máng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄇㄤˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "máng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "mang²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "máng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "mang"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ман"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "man"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɑŋ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "mong⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "man⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "mòhng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "màhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mong⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "man⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "mong⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "men⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɔːŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing",
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "meng²"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hinghwa-Romanized",
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "méng"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɛŋ¹³/",
"raw_tags": [
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing",
"Xianyou"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "meng²"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɛŋ²⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"Xianyou"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing",
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "morng²"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hinghwa-Romanized",
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "mó̤ng"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɒŋ¹³/",
"raw_tags": [
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing",
"Xianyou"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "morng²"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɒŋ²⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"Xianyou"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "bâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "baang"
},
{
"ipa": "/baŋ¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/baŋ²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/baŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "bîn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "biin"
},
{
"ipa": "/bin²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bin¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "mang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "mâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/maŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/mɑŋ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɔːŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɛŋ¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɛŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɒŋ¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɒŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/baŋ¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/baŋ²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/baŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bin²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bin¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/maŋ⁵⁵/"
}
],
"word": "氓"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yúméng",
"word": "愚氓"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "群氓"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "དམངས",
"3": "",
"4": "ordinary people; populace"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan དམངས (dmangs, “ordinary people; populace”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "འབངས",
"3": "",
"4": "subjects"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan འབངས ('bangs, “subjects”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Benedict, 1976"
},
"expansion": "Benedict, 1976",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "民",
"2": "people"
},
"expansion": "民 (OC *min, “people”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler, 2007"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Tibetan དམངས (dmangs, “ordinary people; populace”), Tibetan འབངས ('bangs, “subjects”) (Benedict, 1976). Unrelated to 民 (OC *min, “people”); probably unrelated to etymology 1 (Schuessler, 2007).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𣱅"
},
{
"form": "萌"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "氓",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "alt. forms: 萌, 甿 (méng)"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
1
]
],
"english": "A simple-looking lad you were,\nCarrying cloth to exchange it for silk.",
"raw_tags": [
"Pre-Classical Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " The Classic of Poetry, c. 11ᵗʰ – 7ᵗʰ centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version",
"roman": "Méng zhī chīchī, bào bù mào sī.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "氓之蚩蚩，抱布貿絲。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
1
]
],
"english": "A simple-looking lad you were,\nCarrying cloth to exchange it for silk.",
"raw_tags": [
"Pre-Classical Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " The Classic of Poetry, c. 11ᵗʰ – 7ᵗʰ centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version",
"roman": "Méng zhī chīchī, bào bù mào sī.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "氓之蚩蚩，抱布贸丝。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"people; folk"
],
"id": "en-氓-zh-character-ihAOGGLj",
"links": [
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"folk",
"folk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) people; folk"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 0 83",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 0 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese hanzi",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 0 89",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Chinese hanzi",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 0 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Chinese hanzi",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 0 40 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 0 54 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nomad; wanderer (used to refer to migrants in ancient China)"
],
"id": "en-氓-zh-character-~R~FiK9K",
"links": [
[
"nomad",
"nomad"
],
[
"wanderer",
"wanderer"
],
[
"migrants",
"migrants#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "méng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "meng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄇㄥˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "mang⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "man⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "méng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄇㄥˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "méng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "mêng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "méng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "meng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "мэн"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "mɛn"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɤŋ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "mang⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "man⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "màhng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "màhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mang⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "man⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "meng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "men⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "meang"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*mˤr[i]ŋ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*mraːŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɤŋ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐn²¹/"
},
{
"other": "[i]"
},
{
"other": "/*mraːŋ/"
}
],
"word": "氓"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese affixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese hyōgai kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"people, subjects"
],
"id": "en-氓-ja-character-SEWPYKZx",
"tags": [
"Hyōgai",
"kanji"
]
}
],
"word": "氓"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "氓",
"ruby": [
[
"氓",
"ぼう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "bō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "affix",
"2": "ぼう"
},
"expansion": "氓(ぼう) • (bō)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "affix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese affixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"people; subjects"
],
"id": "en-氓-ja-affix-Vk9Zy7UQ",
"links": [
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"subject",
"subject"
]
]
}
],
"word": "氓"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "maeng",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "맹",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
},
{
"form": "maeng",
"tags": [
"revised"
]
},
{
"form": "maeng",
"tags": [
"McCune-Reischauer"
]
},
{
"form": "mayng",
"tags": [
"Yale"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "hanja",
"sc": "Kore",
"sort": "맹",
"tr": "maeng"
},
"expansion": "氓 • (maeng)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"ehmr": "",
"ehrv": "",
"ehy": "",
"eumhun": "",
"hangeul": "맹",
"mr": "maeng",
"rv": "maeng",
"y": "mayng"
},
"expansion": "氓 • (maeng) (hangeul 맹, revised maeng, McCune–Reischauer maeng, Yale mayng)",
"name": "ko-hanja/old"
},
{
"args": {
"eumhun": "",
"hangeul": "맹",
"mr": "maeng",
"rv": "maeng",
"y": "mayng"
},
"expansion": "氓 • (maeng) (hangeul 맹, revised maeng, McCune–Reischauer maeng, Yale mayng)",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean hanja",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"id": "en-氓-ko-character-47DEQpj8",
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "氓"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "manh",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"id": "en-氓-vi-character-47DEQpj8",
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "氓"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese hanzi",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms spelled with 氓",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle Chinese hanzi",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese hanzi",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zh-pron usage missing POS"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "liúmáng",
"word": "流氓"
},
{
"word": "流氓罪"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "psc",
"adj": "",
"nocap": "",
"pron": "OC *mraːŋ"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *mraːŋ)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "亡",
"2": "民",
"c1": "p",
"c2": "s",
"ls": "psc",
"t2": "people"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *mraːŋ): phonetic 亡 (OC *maŋ) + semantic 民 (“people”)",
"name": "Han compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh:流氓"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "zh-wp"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *mraːŋ): phonetic 亡 (OC *maŋ) + semantic 民 (“people”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𣱅"
},
{
"form": "萌"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "氓",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Only used in 流氓 (liúmáng)."
],
"links": [
[
"流氓",
"流氓#Chinese"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "máng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mang²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄇㄤˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "mong⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "man⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "meng²"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "morng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "bâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "bîn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "mang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "máng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄇㄤˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "máng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "mang²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "máng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "mang"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ман"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "man"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɑŋ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "mong⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "man⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "mòhng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "màhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mong⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "man⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "mong⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "men⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɔːŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing",
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "meng²"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hinghwa-Romanized",
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "méng"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɛŋ¹³/",
"raw_tags": [
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing",
"Xianyou"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "meng²"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɛŋ²⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"Xianyou"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing",
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "morng²"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hinghwa-Romanized",
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "mó̤ng"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɒŋ¹³/",
"raw_tags": [
"Putian"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pouseng-Ping'ing",
"Xianyou"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"zh-pron": "morng²"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɒŋ²⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"Xianyou"
],
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "bâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "baang"
},
{
"ipa": "/baŋ¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/baŋ²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/baŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "bîn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "biin"
},
{
"ipa": "/bin²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bin¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "mang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "mâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/maŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/mɑŋ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɔːŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɛŋ¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɛŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɒŋ¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɒŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/baŋ¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/baŋ²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/baŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bin²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bin¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/maŋ⁵⁵/"
}
],
"word": "氓"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese hanzi",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms spelled with 氓",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle Chinese hanzi",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese hanzi",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zh-pron usage missing POS"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "yúméng",
"word": "愚氓"
},
{
"word": "群氓"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "དམངས",
"3": "",
"4": "ordinary people; populace"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan དམངས (dmangs, “ordinary people; populace”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "འབངས",
"3": "",
"4": "subjects"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan འབངས ('bangs, “subjects”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Benedict, 1976"
},
"expansion": "Benedict, 1976",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "民",
"2": "people"
},
"expansion": "民 (OC *min, “people”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler, 2007"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Tibetan དམངས (dmangs, “ordinary people; populace”), Tibetan འབངས ('bangs, “subjects”) (Benedict, 1976). Unrelated to 民 (OC *min, “people”); probably unrelated to etymology 1 (Schuessler, 2007).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𣱅"
},
{
"form": "萌"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "氓",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms",
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "alt. forms: 萌, 甿 (méng)"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
1
]
],
"english": "A simple-looking lad you were,\nCarrying cloth to exchange it for silk.",
"raw_tags": [
"Pre-Classical Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " The Classic of Poetry, c. 11ᵗʰ – 7ᵗʰ centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version",
"roman": "Méng zhī chīchī, bào bù mào sī.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "氓之蚩蚩，抱布貿絲。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
1
]
],
"english": "A simple-looking lad you were,\nCarrying cloth to exchange it for silk.",
"raw_tags": [
"Pre-Classical Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " The Classic of Poetry, c. 11ᵗʰ – 7ᵗʰ centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version",
"roman": "Méng zhī chīchī, bào bù mào sī.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "氓之蚩蚩，抱布贸丝。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"people; folk"
],
"links": [
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"folk",
"folk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) people; folk"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"nomad; wanderer (used to refer to migrants in ancient China)"
],
"links": [
[
"nomad",
"nomad"
],
[
"wanderer",
"wanderer"
],
[
"migrants",
"migrants#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "méng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "meng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄇㄥˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "mang⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "man⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "méng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄇㄥˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "méng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "mêng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "méng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "meng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "мэн"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "mɛn"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɤŋ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "mang⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "man⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "màhng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "màhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mang⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "man⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "meng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "men⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "meang"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*mˤr[i]ŋ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*mraːŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɤŋ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐn²¹/"
},
{
"other": "[i]"
},
{
"other": "/*mraːŋ/"
}
],
"word": "氓"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese affixes",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese hyōgai kanji",
"Japanese kanji",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms spelled with hyōgai kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 氓",
"Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"people, subjects"
],
"tags": [
"Hyōgai",
"kanji"
]
}
],
"word": "氓"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese affixes",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms spelled with hyōgai kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 氓",
"Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "氓",
"ruby": [
[
"氓",
"ぼう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "bō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "affix",
"2": "ぼう"
},
"expansion": "氓(ぼう) • (bō)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "affix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"people; subjects"
],
"links": [
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"subject",
"subject"
]
]
}
],
"word": "氓"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "maeng",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "맹",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
},
{
"form": "maeng",
"tags": [
"revised"
]
},
{
"form": "maeng",
"tags": [
"McCune-Reischauer"
]
},
{
"form": "mayng",
"tags": [
"Yale"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "hanja",
"sc": "Kore",
"sort": "맹",
"tr": "maeng"
},
"expansion": "氓 • (maeng)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"ehmr": "",
"ehrv": "",
"ehy": "",
"eumhun": "",
"hangeul": "맹",
"mr": "maeng",
"rv": "maeng",
"y": "mayng"
},
"expansion": "氓 • (maeng) (hangeul 맹, revised maeng, McCune–Reischauer maeng, Yale mayng)",
"name": "ko-hanja/old"
},
{
"args": {
"eumhun": "",
"hangeul": "맹",
"mr": "maeng",
"rv": "maeng",
"y": "mayng"
},
"expansion": "氓 • (maeng) (hangeul 맹, revised maeng, McCune–Reischauer maeng, Yale mayng)",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean hanja",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "氓"
}
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Han script characters",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual symbols",
"Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"氓 (Kangxi radical 83, 氏+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 卜女口女心 (YVRVP), four-corner 0774₇, composition ⿰亡民)"
],
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"亡",
"亡#Translingual"
],
[
"民",
"民#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "氓"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "manh",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Han characters",
"Vietnamese Han characters with unconfirmed readings",
"Vietnamese lemmas"
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "氓"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 氓 meaning in All languages combined (14.1kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <ul> not properly closed",
"path": [
"氓"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "氓",
"trace": "started on line 63, detected on line 67"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <ul> not properly closed",
"path": [
"氓"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "氓",
"trace": "started on line 46, detected on line 67"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"氓"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "affix",
"title": "氓",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (a4e883e and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.