"氓" meaning in All languages combined

See 氓 on Wiktionary

Character [Chinese]

IPA: /mɑŋ³⁵/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /mɔːŋ²¹/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /mɐn²¹/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /baŋ¹³/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /baŋ²³/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /baŋ²⁴/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen], /bin²⁴/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou, Xiamen], /bin¹³/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /maŋ⁵⁵/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /mɑŋ³⁵/, /mɔːŋ²¹/, /mɐn²¹/, /baŋ¹³/, /baŋ²³/, /baŋ²⁴/, /bin²⁴/, /bin¹³/, /maŋ⁵⁵/ Chinese transliterations: máng [Mandarin, Pinyin], mang² [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄇㄤˊ [Mandarin, bopomofo], mong⁴ [Cantonese, Jyutping], man⁴ [Cantonese, Jyutping], bâng [Hokkien, POJ], bîn [Hokkien, POJ], mang⁵ [Peng'im, Teochew], máng [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], máng [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], mang² [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], máng [Mandarin, Yale], mang [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], ман [Mandarin, Palladius], man [Mandarin, Palladius], mòhng [Cantonese, Yale], màhn [Cantonese, Yale], mong⁴ [Cantonese, Pinyin], man⁴ [Cantonese, Pinyin], mong⁴ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], men⁴ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], bâng [Hokkien, Tai-lo], baang [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], bîn [Hokkien, Tai-lo], biin [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], mâng [POJ, Teochew]
Etymology templates: {{zh-wp|zh:流氓}} Head templates: {{head|zh|hanzi}} 氓
  1. ruffian, hooligan Derived forms: 流氓 (liúmáng), 流氓罪
    Sense id: en-氓-zh-character-02FU8i~c
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Character [Chinese]

IPA: /mɤŋ³⁵/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /mɐŋ²¹/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /mɐn²¹/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /mɤŋ³⁵/, /mɐŋ²¹/, /mɐn²¹/ Chinese transliterations: méng [Mandarin, Pinyin], meng² [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄇㄥˊ [Mandarin, bopomofo], mang⁴ [Cantonese, Jyutping], man⁴ [Cantonese, Jyutping], méng [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], méng [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], mêng² [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], méng [Mandarin, Yale], meng [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], мэн [Mandarin, Palladius], mɛn [Mandarin, Palladius], màhng [Cantonese, Yale], màhn [Cantonese, Yale], mang⁴ [Cantonese, Pinyin], man⁴ [Cantonese, Pinyin], meng⁴ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], men⁴ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], meang [Middle-Chinese], /*mˤr[i]ŋ/ [Baxter-Sagart, Old-Chinese], /*mraːŋ/ [Old-Chinese, Zhengzhang]
Etymology: Cognate with Tibetan དམངས (dmangs, “ordinary people; populace”), Tibetan འབངས ('bangs, “subjects”) (Benedict, 1976). Unrelated to 民 (OC *min, “people”); probably unrelated to etymology 1 (Schuessler, 2007). Etymology templates: {{cog|bo|དམངས||ordinary people; populace}} Tibetan དམངས (dmangs, “ordinary people; populace”), {{cog|bo|འབངས||subjects}} Tibetan འབངས ('bangs, “subjects”), {{zh-ref|Benedict, 1976}} Benedict, 1976, {{och-l|民|people}} 民 (OC *min, “people”), {{zh-ref|Schuessler, 2007}} Schuessler, 2007 Head templates: {{head|zh|hanzi}} 氓
  1. (literary) people; folk Tags: literary
    Sense id: en-氓-zh-character-ihAOGGLj
  2. nomad; wanderer (used to refer to migrants in ancient China)
    Sense id: en-氓-zh-character-~R~FiK9K Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 14 0 86
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: 愚氓 (yúméng), 群氓
Etymology number: 2

Character [Japanese]

  1. people, subjects Tags: Hyōgai, kanji, uncommon
    Sense id: en-氓-ja-character-SEWPYKZx Categories (other): Uncommon kanji

Character [Korean]

Forms: maeng [romanization], [hangeul], maeng [revised], maeng [McCune-Reischauer], mayng [Yale]
Head templates: {{head|ko|Han characters|sc=Kore|sort=맹|tr=maeng}} 氓 • (maeng), {{ko-hanja|eumhun=|hangeul=맹|mr=maeng|rv=maeng|y=mayng}} 氓 • (maeng) (hangeul 맹, revised maeng, McCune–Reischauer maeng, Yale mayng)
  1. Tags: no-gloss

Character [Translingual]

  1. 氓 (Kangxi radical 83, 氏+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 卜女口女心 (YVRVP), four-corner 0774₇, composition ⿰亡民)

Character [Vietnamese]

Forms: manh [Hán-Nôm]
  1. Tags: no-gloss
    Sense id: en-氓-vi-character-47DEQpj8

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for 氓 meaning in All languages combined (9.2kB)

{
  "lang": "Translingual",
  "lang_code": "mul",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Translingual terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "氓 (Kangxi radical 83, 氏+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 卜女口女心 (YVRVP), four-corner 0774₇, composition ⿰亡民)"
      ],
      "id": "en-氓-mul-character-k0ojDdQy",
      "links": [
        [
          "Kangxi radical",
          "Kangxi radical"
        ],
        [
          "亡",
          "亡#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "民",
          "民#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "han"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "氓"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh:流氓"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "zh-wp"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "氓",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "liúmáng",
          "word": "流氓"
        },
        {
          "word": "流氓罪"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "See also: 流氓"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ruffian, hooligan"
      ],
      "id": "en-氓-zh-character-02FU8i~c",
      "links": [
        [
          "ruffian",
          "ruffian"
        ],
        [
          "hooligan",
          "hooligan"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "máng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mang²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄇㄤˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mong⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "man⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bâng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bîn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mang⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "máng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "máng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mang²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "máng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ман"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "man"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɑŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mòhng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "màhn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mong⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "man⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mong⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "men⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔːŋ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɐn²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bâng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "baang"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/baŋ¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/baŋ²³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/baŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Taipei",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bîn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "biin"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bin²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bin¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mâng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/maŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɑŋ³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔːŋ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɐn²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/baŋ¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/baŋ²³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/baŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bin²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bin¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/maŋ⁵⁵/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "氓"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yúméng",
      "word": "愚氓"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "群氓"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bo",
        "2": "དམངས",
        "3": "",
        "4": "ordinary people; populace"
      },
      "expansion": "Tibetan དམངས (dmangs, “ordinary people; populace”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bo",
        "2": "འབངས",
        "3": "",
        "4": "subjects"
      },
      "expansion": "Tibetan འབངས ('bangs, “subjects”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Benedict, 1976"
      },
      "expansion": "Benedict, 1976",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "民",
        "2": "people"
      },
      "expansion": "民 (OC *min, “people”)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Schuessler, 2007"
      },
      "expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Cognate with Tibetan དམངས (dmangs, “ordinary people; populace”), Tibetan འབངས ('bangs, “subjects”) (Benedict, 1976). Unrelated to 民 (OC *min, “people”); probably unrelated to etymology 1 (Schuessler, 2007).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "氓",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "alt. forms: 萌, 甿 (méng)"
        },
        {
          "english": "A simple-looking lad you were,\nCarrying cloth to exchange it for silk.",
          "ref": "氓之蚩蚩,抱布貿絲。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]",
          "text": "氓之蚩蚩,抱布贸丝。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11ᵗʰ – 7ᵗʰ centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version\nMéng zhī chīchī, bào bù mào sī. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "people; folk"
      ],
      "id": "en-氓-zh-character-ihAOGGLj",
      "links": [
        [
          "people",
          "people"
        ],
        [
          "folk",
          "folk"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(literary) people; folk"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "14 0 86",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "nomad; wanderer (used to refer to migrants in ancient China)"
      ],
      "id": "en-氓-zh-character-~R~FiK9K",
      "links": [
        [
          "nomad",
          "nomad"
        ],
        [
          "wanderer",
          "wanderer"
        ],
        [
          "migrants",
          "migrants#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "méng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "meng²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄇㄥˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mang⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "man⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "méng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "méng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mêng²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "méng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "meng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "мэн"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mɛn"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɤŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "màhng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "màhn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mang⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "man⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "meng⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "men⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɐŋ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɐn²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "meang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*mˤr[i]ŋ/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*mraːŋ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɤŋ³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɐŋ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɐn²¹/"
    },
    {
      "other": "[i]"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*mraːŋ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "氓"
}

{
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Uncommon kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "people, subjects"
      ],
      "id": "en-氓-ja-character-SEWPYKZx",
      "tags": [
        "Hyōgai",
        "kanji",
        "uncommon"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "氓"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "maeng",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "맹",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "maeng",
      "tags": [
        "revised"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "maeng",
      "tags": [
        "McCune-Reischauer"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mayng",
      "tags": [
        "Yale"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "Han characters",
        "sc": "Kore",
        "sort": "맹",
        "tr": "maeng"
      },
      "expansion": "氓 • (maeng)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "eumhun": "",
        "hangeul": "맹",
        "mr": "maeng",
        "rv": "maeng",
        "y": "mayng"
      },
      "expansion": "氓 • (maeng) (hangeul 맹, revised maeng, McCune–Reischauer maeng, Yale mayng)",
      "name": "ko-hanja"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "id": "en-氓-ko-character-47DEQpj8",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hanja"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "氓"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "manh",
      "tags": [
        "Hán-Nôm"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "id": "en-氓-vi-character-47DEQpj8",
      "raw_tags": [
        "han"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "氓"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese Han characters",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Middle Chinese lemmas",
    "Old Chinese lemmas",
    "zh-pron usage missing POS"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "liúmáng",
      "word": "流氓"
    },
    {
      "word": "流氓罪"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh:流氓"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "zh-wp"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "氓",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "See also: 流氓"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ruffian, hooligan"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ruffian",
          "ruffian"
        ],
        [
          "hooligan",
          "hooligan"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "máng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mang²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄇㄤˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mong⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "man⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bâng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bîn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mang⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "máng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "máng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mang²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "máng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ман"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "man"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɑŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mòhng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "màhn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mong⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "man⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mong⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "men⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔːŋ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɐn²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bâng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "baang"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/baŋ¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/baŋ²³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/baŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Taipei",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bîn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "biin"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bin²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bin¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mâng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/maŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɑŋ³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔːŋ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɐn²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/baŋ¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/baŋ²³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/baŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bin²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bin¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/maŋ⁵⁵/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "氓"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese Han characters",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Middle Chinese lemmas",
    "Old Chinese lemmas",
    "zh-pron usage missing POS"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "yúméng",
      "word": "愚氓"
    },
    {
      "word": "群氓"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bo",
        "2": "དམངས",
        "3": "",
        "4": "ordinary people; populace"
      },
      "expansion": "Tibetan དམངས (dmangs, “ordinary people; populace”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bo",
        "2": "འབངས",
        "3": "",
        "4": "subjects"
      },
      "expansion": "Tibetan འབངས ('bangs, “subjects”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Benedict, 1976"
      },
      "expansion": "Benedict, 1976",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "民",
        "2": "people"
      },
      "expansion": "民 (OC *min, “people”)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Schuessler, 2007"
      },
      "expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Cognate with Tibetan དམངས (dmangs, “ordinary people; populace”), Tibetan འབངས ('bangs, “subjects”) (Benedict, 1976). Unrelated to 民 (OC *min, “people”); probably unrelated to etymology 1 (Schuessler, 2007).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "氓",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Chinese literary terms",
        "Literary Chinese terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "alt. forms: 萌, 甿 (méng)"
        },
        {
          "english": "A simple-looking lad you were,\nCarrying cloth to exchange it for silk.",
          "ref": "氓之蚩蚩,抱布貿絲。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]",
          "text": "氓之蚩蚩,抱布贸丝。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11ᵗʰ – 7ᵗʰ centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version\nMéng zhī chīchī, bào bù mào sī. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "people; folk"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "people",
          "people"
        ],
        [
          "folk",
          "folk"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(literary) people; folk"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "nomad; wanderer (used to refer to migrants in ancient China)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "nomad",
          "nomad"
        ],
        [
          "wanderer",
          "wanderer"
        ],
        [
          "migrants",
          "migrants#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "méng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "meng²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄇㄥˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mang⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "man⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "méng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "méng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mêng²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "méng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "meng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "мэн"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mɛn"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɤŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "màhng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "màhn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mang⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "man⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "meng⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "men⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɐŋ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɐn²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "meang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*mˤr[i]ŋ/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*mraːŋ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɤŋ³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɐŋ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɐn²¹/"
    },
    {
      "other": "[i]"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*mraːŋ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "氓"
}

{
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese Han characters",
        "Uncommon kanji"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "people, subjects"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hyōgai",
        "kanji",
        "uncommon"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "氓"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "maeng",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "맹",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "maeng",
      "tags": [
        "revised"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "maeng",
      "tags": [
        "McCune-Reischauer"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mayng",
      "tags": [
        "Yale"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "Han characters",
        "sc": "Kore",
        "sort": "맹",
        "tr": "maeng"
      },
      "expansion": "氓 • (maeng)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "eumhun": "",
        "hangeul": "맹",
        "mr": "maeng",
        "rv": "maeng",
        "y": "mayng"
      },
      "expansion": "氓 • (maeng) (hangeul 맹, revised maeng, McCune–Reischauer maeng, Yale mayng)",
      "name": "ko-hanja"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Korean Han characters",
        "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
        "Korean lemmas",
        "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Korean terms with redundant script codes"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hanja"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "氓"
}

{
  "lang": "Translingual",
  "lang_code": "mul",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Han script characters",
        "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
        "Translingual lemmas",
        "Translingual symbols",
        "Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "氓 (Kangxi radical 83, 氏+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 卜女口女心 (YVRVP), four-corner 0774₇, composition ⿰亡民)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Kangxi radical",
          "Kangxi radical"
        ],
        [
          "亡",
          "亡#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "民",
          "民#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "han"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "氓"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "manh",
      "tags": [
        "Hán-Nôm"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Vietnamese Han characters",
        "Vietnamese Han characters with unconfirmed readings",
        "Vietnamese lemmas"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "han"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "氓"
}
{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <ul> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "氓"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "氓",
  "trace": "started on line 45, detected on line 49"
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "氓"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "氓",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
  "path": [
    "氓"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "氓",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "氓"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "氓",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "氓"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "氓",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "氓"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "氓",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.