See 氓 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 氓 meaning in Chinese (6.5kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh:流氓"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "zh-wp"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "氓",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "liúmáng",
"word": "流氓"
},
{
"word": "流氓罪"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "See also: 流氓"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ruffian, hooligan"
],
"id": "en-氓-zh-character-02FU8i~c",
"links": [
[
"ruffian",
"ruffian"
],
[
"hooligan",
"hooligan"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "máng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mang²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄇㄤˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "mong⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "man⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "bâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "bîn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "mang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "máng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "máng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "mang²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "máng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "mang"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ман"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "man"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɑŋ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "mòhng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "màhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mong⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "man⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "mong⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "men⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɔːŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "bâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "baang"
},
{
"ipa": "/baŋ¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/baŋ²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/baŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "bîn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "biin"
},
{
"ipa": "/bin²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bin¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "mâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/maŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/mɑŋ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɔːŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/baŋ¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/baŋ²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/baŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bin²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bin¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/maŋ⁵⁵/"
}
],
"word": "氓"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yúméng",
"word": "愚氓"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "群氓"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "དམངས",
"3": "",
"4": "ordinary people; populace"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan དམངས (dmangs, “ordinary people; populace”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "འབངས",
"3": "",
"4": "subjects"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan འབངས ('bangs, “subjects”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Benedict, 1976"
},
"expansion": "Benedict, 1976",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "民",
"2": "people"
},
"expansion": "民 (OC *min, “people”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler, 2007"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Tibetan དམངས (dmangs, “ordinary people; populace”), Tibetan འབངས ('bangs, “subjects”) (Benedict, 1976). Unrelated to 民 (OC *min, “people”); probably unrelated to etymology 1 (Schuessler, 2007).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "氓",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "alt. forms: 萌, 甿 (méng)"
},
{
"english": "A simple-looking lad you were,\nCarrying cloth to exchange it for silk.",
"ref": "氓之蚩蚩，抱布貿絲。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "氓之蚩蚩，抱布贸丝。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11ᵗʰ – 7ᵗʰ centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version\nMéng zhī chīchī, bào bù mào sī. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"people; folk"
],
"id": "en-氓-zh-character-ihAOGGLj",
"links": [
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"folk",
"folk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) people; folk"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 0 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nomad; wanderer (used to refer to migrants in ancient China)"
],
"id": "en-氓-zh-character-~R~FiK9K",
"links": [
[
"nomad",
"nomad"
],
[
"wanderer",
"wanderer"
],
[
"migrants",
"migrants#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "méng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "meng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄇㄥˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "mang⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "man⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "méng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "méng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "mêng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "méng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "meng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "мэн"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "mɛn"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɤŋ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "màhng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "màhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mang⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "man⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "meng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "men⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "meang"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*mˤr[i]ŋ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*mraːŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɤŋ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐn²¹/"
},
{
"other": "[i]"
},
{
"other": "/*mraːŋ/"
}
],
"word": "氓"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"zh-pron usage missing POS"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "liúmáng",
"word": "流氓"
},
{
"word": "流氓罪"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh:流氓"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "zh-wp"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "氓",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "See also: 流氓"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ruffian, hooligan"
],
"links": [
[
"ruffian",
"ruffian"
],
[
"hooligan",
"hooligan"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "máng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mang²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄇㄤˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "mong⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "man⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "bâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "bîn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "mang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "máng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "máng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "mang²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "máng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "mang"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ман"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "man"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɑŋ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "mòhng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "màhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mong⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "man⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "mong⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "men⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɔːŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "bâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "baang"
},
{
"ipa": "/baŋ¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/baŋ²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/baŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "bîn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "biin"
},
{
"ipa": "/bin²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bin¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "mâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/maŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/mɑŋ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɔːŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/baŋ¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/baŋ²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/baŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bin²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bin¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/maŋ⁵⁵/"
}
],
"word": "氓"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"zh-pron usage missing POS"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "yúméng",
"word": "愚氓"
},
{
"word": "群氓"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "དམངས",
"3": "",
"4": "ordinary people; populace"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan དམངས (dmangs, “ordinary people; populace”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "འབངས",
"3": "",
"4": "subjects"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan འབངས ('bangs, “subjects”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Benedict, 1976"
},
"expansion": "Benedict, 1976",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "民",
"2": "people"
},
"expansion": "民 (OC *min, “people”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler, 2007"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Tibetan དམངས (dmangs, “ordinary people; populace”), Tibetan འབངས ('bangs, “subjects”) (Benedict, 1976). Unrelated to 民 (OC *min, “people”); probably unrelated to etymology 1 (Schuessler, 2007).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "氓",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms",
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "alt. forms: 萌, 甿 (méng)"
},
{
"english": "A simple-looking lad you were,\nCarrying cloth to exchange it for silk.",
"ref": "氓之蚩蚩，抱布貿絲。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "氓之蚩蚩，抱布贸丝。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11ᵗʰ – 7ᵗʰ centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version\nMéng zhī chīchī, bào bù mào sī. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"people; folk"
],
"links": [
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"folk",
"folk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) people; folk"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"nomad; wanderer (used to refer to migrants in ancient China)"
],
"links": [
[
"nomad",
"nomad"
],
[
"wanderer",
"wanderer"
],
[
"migrants",
"migrants#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "méng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "meng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄇㄥˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "mang⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "man⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "méng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "méng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "mêng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "méng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "meng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "мэн"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "mɛn"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɤŋ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "màhng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "màhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mang⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "man⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "meng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "men⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "meang"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*mˤr[i]ŋ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*mraːŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɤŋ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐn²¹/"
},
{
"other": "[i]"
},
{
"other": "/*mraːŋ/"
}
],
"word": "氓"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <ul> not properly closed",
"path": [
"氓"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "氓",
"trace": "started on line 45, detected on line 49"
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"氓"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "氓",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"氓"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "氓",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"氓"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "氓",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"氓"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "氓",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"氓"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "氓",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (4d5d0bb and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.