See 愛でる on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 愛でる meaning in All languages combined (10.5kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "mede",
"ruby": [
[
"愛",
"め"
]
],
"word": "愛で"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "medeitsukushimu",
"ruby": [
[
"愛",
"め"
],
[
"慈",
"いつく"
]
],
"word": "愛で慈しむ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "rare",
"roman": "mezurashī",
"ruby": [
[
"珍",
"めずら"
]
],
"word": "珍しい"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 55 45",
"english": "congratulations",
"roman": "omedetō",
"sense": "愛でたい, 目出度い, 芽出度い (medetai, “happy, worthy of congratulations”)",
"word": "おめでとう"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "⟨me₂du⟩"
},
"expansion": "⟨me₂du⟩",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "愛づ",
"tr": "medu"
},
"expansion": "愛づ (medu)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下二段活用",
"3": "",
"4": "lower bigrade conjugation",
"tr": "shimo nidan katsuyō"
},
"expansion": "下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下一段活用",
"3": "",
"4": "lower monograde conjugation",
"tr": "shimo ichidan katsuyō"
},
"expansion": "下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "⟨me₂du⟩ → */məɨdu/ → /med͡zu/ → /mederu/\nFrom Old Japanese verb 愛づ (medu).\nDevelopment\nNatural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "愛でる",
"ruby": [
[
"愛",
"め"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "mederu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "愛で",
"roman": "mede",
"ruby": [
[
"愛",
"め"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でた",
"roman": "medeta",
"ruby": [
[
"愛",
"め"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-ichi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "愛で",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "めで",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "mede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "めでる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "mederu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "めでれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "medere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "めでよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "めでろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "medeyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "medero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "めでられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "mederareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "めでさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "めでさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "medesaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "medesasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "めでられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "めでれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "mederareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "medereru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "めでよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "medeyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "めでない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "めでぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "めでん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "medenai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "medenu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "meden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "めでず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "medezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "めでます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "medemasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "めでた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "medeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "めでて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "medete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "めでれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "medereba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "めでる",
"tr": "trans",
"type": "2"
},
"expansion": "愛(め)でる • (mederu) transitive ichidan (stem 愛(め)で (mede), past 愛(め)でた (medeta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "厭う"
},
{
"word": "嫌う"
},
{
"word": "憎む"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 35 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 35 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 35 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 35 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to love flowers",
"roman": "hana o mederu",
"ruby": [
[
"花",
"はな"
],
[
"愛",
"め"
]
],
"text": "花を愛でる"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to love"
],
"id": "en-愛でる-ja-verb-N-OMg8z-",
"links": [
[
"love",
"love"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "愛しむ"
},
{
"word": "好む"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 35 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 35 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 35 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 35 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to adore"
],
"id": "en-愛でる-ja-verb-zschj7n0",
"links": [
[
"adore",
"adore"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "愛おしむ"
},
{
"word": "可愛がる"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 35 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 35 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 35 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 35 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to admire, to appreciate"
],
"id": "en-愛でる-ja-verb-YBsSWmCn",
"links": [
[
"admire",
"admire"
],
[
"appreciate",
"appreciate"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "感心する"
},
{
"word": "誉める"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "めでる"
},
{
"ipa": "[me̞de̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "愛でる"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese type 2 verbs",
"Japanese verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "mede",
"ruby": [
[
"愛",
"め"
]
],
"word": "愛で"
},
{
"roman": "medeitsukushimu",
"ruby": [
[
"愛",
"め"
],
[
"慈",
"いつく"
]
],
"word": "愛で慈しむ"
},
{
"english": "congratulations",
"roman": "omedetō",
"sense": "愛でたい, 目出度い, 芽出度い (medetai, “happy, worthy of congratulations”)",
"word": "おめでとう"
},
{
"english": "rare",
"roman": "mezurashī",
"ruby": [
[
"珍",
"めずら"
]
],
"word": "珍しい"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "⟨me₂du⟩"
},
"expansion": "⟨me₂du⟩",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "愛づ",
"tr": "medu"
},
"expansion": "愛づ (medu)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下二段活用",
"3": "",
"4": "lower bigrade conjugation",
"tr": "shimo nidan katsuyō"
},
"expansion": "下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下一段活用",
"3": "",
"4": "lower monograde conjugation",
"tr": "shimo ichidan katsuyō"
},
"expansion": "下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "⟨me₂du⟩ → */məɨdu/ → /med͡zu/ → /mederu/\nFrom Old Japanese verb 愛づ (medu).\nDevelopment\nNatural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "愛でる",
"ruby": [
[
"愛",
"め"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "mederu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "愛で",
"roman": "mede",
"ruby": [
[
"愛",
"め"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でた",
"roman": "medeta",
"ruby": [
[
"愛",
"め"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-ichi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "愛で",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "めで",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "mede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "めでる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "mederu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "めでれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "medere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "めでよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "めでろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "medeyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "medero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "めでられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "mederareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "めでさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "めでさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "medesaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "medesasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "めでられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "めでれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "mederareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "medereru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "めでよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "medeyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "めでない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "めでぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "めでん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "medenai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "medenu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "meden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "めでず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "medezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "めでます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "medemasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "めでた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "medeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "めでて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "medete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "愛でれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "めでれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "medereba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "めでる",
"tr": "trans",
"type": "2"
},
"expansion": "愛(め)でる • (mederu) transitive ichidan (stem 愛(め)で (mede), past 愛(め)でた (medeta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "厭う"
},
{
"word": "嫌う"
},
{
"word": "憎む"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to love flowers",
"roman": "hana o mederu",
"ruby": [
[
"花",
"はな"
],
[
"愛",
"め"
]
],
"text": "花を愛でる"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to love"
],
"links": [
[
"love",
"love"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "愛しむ"
},
{
"word": "好む"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to adore"
],
"links": [
[
"adore",
"adore"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "愛おしむ"
},
{
"word": "可愛がる"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to admire, to appreciate"
],
"links": [
[
"admire",
"admire"
],
[
"appreciate",
"appreciate"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "感心する"
},
{
"word": "誉める"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "めでる"
},
{
"ipa": "[me̞de̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "愛でる"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.