See 強化 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 強化 meaning in All languages combined (15.2kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "強化食品"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "强化食品"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "強化"
},
"expansion": "強化",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "強化",
"2": "きょうか",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "強化(きょうか) (kyōka)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "강화(強化)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 강화(強化) (ganghwa)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "強化",
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "強化",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "cường hoá",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"tr": "強化"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: cường hoá (強化)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "強化",
"2": "きょうか",
"3": "강화",
"4": "cường hoá",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "強化",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "強化",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "強化",
"v": "強化",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (強化):\n* → Japanese: 強化(きょうか) (kyōka)\n* → Korean: 강화(強化) (ganghwa)\n* → Vietnamese: cường hoá (強化)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "きょうか",
"3": "강화",
"4": "cường hoá"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (強化):\n* → Japanese: 強化(きょうか) (kyōka)\n* → Korean: 강화(強化) (ganghwa)\n* → Vietnamese: cường hoá (強化)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (強化):\n* → Japanese: 強化(きょうか) (kyōka)\n* → Korean: 강화(強化) (ganghwa)\n* → Vietnamese: cường hoá (強化)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "強化",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to strengthen; to fortify"
],
"id": "en-強化-zh-verb-7INEIz~J",
"links": [
[
"strengthen",
"strengthen"
],
[
"fortify",
"fortify"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Wine",
"orig": "zh:Wine",
"parents": [
"Alcoholic beverages",
"Beverages",
"Recreational drugs",
"Drinking",
"Food and drink",
"Liquids",
"Drugs",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Matter",
"Pharmacology",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Biochemistry",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Biology"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 46 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to fortify (to add spirits to wine to increase the alcohol content)"
],
"id": "en-強化-zh-verb-eQWXjgk5",
"links": [
[
"wine",
"wine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(wine) to fortify (to add spirits to wine to increase the alcohol content)"
],
"topics": [
"beverages",
"food",
"lifestyle",
"oenology",
"wine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 46 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "calcium-fortified soy milk",
"roman": "gài qiánghuà dòunǎi",
"text": "鈣強化豆奶／钙强化豆奶",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to fortify (to increase the nutritional value of food by adding ingredients)"
],
"id": "en-強化-zh-verb-ornzb26O",
"raw_glosses": [
"(food) to fortify (to increase the nutritional value of food by adding ingredients)"
],
"topics": [
"food",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "qiánghuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄑㄧㄤˊ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "koeng⁴ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kiông-hòa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kiâng-hòa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kiang⁵ huê³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "qiánghuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ciánghuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "chʻiang²-hua⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "chyáng-hwà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "chyanghuah"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "цянхуа"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "cjanxua"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kèuhng fa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "koeng⁴ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "kêng⁴ fa³"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰœːŋ²¹ faː³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kiông-huà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kionghoax"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hua⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hua²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɔŋ²³⁻³³ hua²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hua¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kiâng-huà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kianghoax"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiaŋ¹³⁻²² hua²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "khiâng huè"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hue²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰœːŋ²¹ faː³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hua⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hua²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɔŋ²³⁻³³ hua²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hua¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiaŋ¹³⁻²² hua²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hue²¹³/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "chōngshí",
"word": "充實"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "chōngshí",
"word": "充实"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiāgù",
"word": "加固"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiāqiáng",
"word": "加強"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiāqiáng",
"word": "加强"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiāndìng",
"word": "堅定"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiāndìng",
"word": "坚定"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "zēngqiáng",
"word": "增強"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "zēngqiáng",
"word": "增强"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "壯"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "壮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "zhuàngdà",
"word": "壯大"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "zhuàngdà",
"word": "壮大"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gǒnggù",
"word": "鞏固"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gǒnggù",
"word": "巩固"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 32 28",
"roman": "jiāqiáng",
"sense": "to fortify wine",
"word": "加強"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 32 28",
"roman": "jiāqiáng",
"sense": "to fortify wine",
"word": "加强"
}
],
"word": "強化"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "weakening",
"roman": "jakka",
"ruby": [
[
"弱化",
"じゃっか"
]
],
"word": "弱化"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "強",
"3": "",
"4": "strengthen",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "kyō"
},
"expansion": "強 (kyō, “strengthen”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "化",
"3": "",
"4": "cause to become",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "ka"
},
"expansion": "化 (ka, “cause to become”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 強 (kyō, “strengthen”) + 化 (ka, “cause to become”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "強化",
"ruby": [
[
"強",
"きょう"
],
[
"化",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "きょうか"
},
"expansion": "強(きょう)化(か) • (kyōka)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "92 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "training camp",
"roman": "kyōka gasshuku",
"word": "強化合宿"
},
{
"english": "fortified rice",
"roman": "kyōkamai",
"word": "強化米"
},
{
"english": "fortified foods",
"roman": "kyōka shokuhin",
"word": "強化食品"
},
{
"roman": "kinō kyōka",
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"natural-sciences"
],
"word": "機能強化: functional enhancement"
},
{
"english": "increased or beefed up security",
"roman": "keibi kyōka",
"word": "警備強化"
},
{
"english": "strengthening of relations",
"roman": "kankei kyōka",
"word": "関係強化"
}
],
"glosses": [
"strengthening, intensification, buildup, reinforcement, augmenting"
],
"id": "en-強化-ja-noun-uoAwsbmC",
"links": [
[
"strengthen",
"strengthen"
],
[
"intensification",
"intensify"
],
[
"buildup",
"buildup"
],
[
"reinforcement",
"reinforcement"
],
[
"augment",
"augment"
]
]
}
],
"word": "強化"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "強",
"3": "",
"4": "strengthen",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "kyō"
},
"expansion": "強 (kyō, “strengthen”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "化",
"3": "",
"4": "cause to become",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "ka"
},
"expansion": "化 (ka, “cause to become”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 強 (kyō, “strengthen”) + 化 (ka, “cause to become”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "強化する",
"ruby": [
[
"強",
"きょう"
],
[
"化",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "強化し",
"roman": "kyōka shi",
"ruby": [
[
"強",
"きょう"
],
[
"化",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "強化した",
"roman": "kyōka shita",
"ruby": [
[
"強",
"きょう"
],
[
"化",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "強化し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "強化する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "強化すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "強化せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "強化しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "強化される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "強化させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "強化さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "強化できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "強化しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "強化しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "強化せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "強化します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "強化した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "強化して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "強化すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to strengthen"
],
"id": "en-強化-ja-verb-Yljg7Gjy",
"links": [
[
"strengthen",
"strengthen"
]
]
}
],
"word": "強化"
}
{
"categories": [
"Advanced Mandarin",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "強化食品"
},
{
"word": "强化食品"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "強化"
},
"expansion": "強化",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "強化",
"2": "きょうか",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "強化(きょうか) (kyōka)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "강화(強化)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 강화(強化) (ganghwa)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "強化",
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "強化",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "cường hoá",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"tr": "強化"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: cường hoá (強化)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "強化",
"2": "きょうか",
"3": "강화",
"4": "cường hoá",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "強化",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "強化",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "強化",
"v": "強化",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (強化):\n* → Japanese: 強化(きょうか) (kyōka)\n* → Korean: 강화(強化) (ganghwa)\n* → Vietnamese: cường hoá (強化)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "きょうか",
"3": "강화",
"4": "cường hoá"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (強化):\n* → Japanese: 強化(きょうか) (kyōka)\n* → Korean: 강화(強化) (ganghwa)\n* → Vietnamese: cường hoá (強化)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (強化):\n* → Japanese: 強化(きょうか) (kyōka)\n* → Korean: 강화(強化) (ganghwa)\n* → Vietnamese: cường hoá (強化)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "強化",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to strengthen; to fortify"
],
"links": [
[
"strengthen",
"strengthen"
],
[
"fortify",
"fortify"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"zh:Wine"
],
"glosses": [
"to fortify (to add spirits to wine to increase the alcohol content)"
],
"links": [
[
"wine",
"wine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(wine) to fortify (to add spirits to wine to increase the alcohol content)"
],
"topics": [
"beverages",
"food",
"lifestyle",
"oenology",
"wine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "calcium-fortified soy milk",
"roman": "gài qiánghuà dòunǎi",
"text": "鈣強化豆奶／钙强化豆奶",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to fortify (to increase the nutritional value of food by adding ingredients)"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(food) to fortify (to increase the nutritional value of food by adding ingredients)"
],
"topics": [
"food",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "qiánghuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄑㄧㄤˊ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "koeng⁴ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kiông-hòa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kiâng-hòa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kiang⁵ huê³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "qiánghuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ciánghuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "chʻiang²-hua⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "chyáng-hwà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "chyanghuah"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "цянхуа"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "cjanxua"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kèuhng fa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "koeng⁴ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "kêng⁴ fa³"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰœːŋ²¹ faː³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kiông-huà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kionghoax"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hua⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hua²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɔŋ²³⁻³³ hua²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hua¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kiâng-huà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kianghoax"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiaŋ¹³⁻²² hua²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "khiâng huè"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hue²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰœːŋ²¹ faː³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hua⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hua²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɔŋ²³⁻³³ hua²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hua¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiaŋ¹³⁻²² hua²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hue²¹³/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "chōngshí",
"word": "充實"
},
{
"roman": "chōngshí",
"word": "充实"
},
{
"roman": "jiāgù",
"word": "加固"
},
{
"roman": "jiāqiáng",
"word": "加強"
},
{
"roman": "jiāqiáng",
"word": "加强"
},
{
"roman": "jiāndìng",
"word": "堅定"
},
{
"roman": "jiāndìng",
"word": "坚定"
},
{
"roman": "zēngqiáng",
"word": "增強"
},
{
"roman": "zēngqiáng",
"word": "增强"
},
{
"word": "壯"
},
{
"word": "壮"
},
{
"roman": "zhuàngdà",
"word": "壯大"
},
{
"roman": "zhuàngdà",
"word": "壮大"
},
{
"roman": "gǒnggù",
"word": "鞏固"
},
{
"roman": "gǒnggù",
"word": "巩固"
},
{
"roman": "jiāqiáng",
"sense": "to fortify wine",
"word": "加強"
},
{
"roman": "jiāqiáng",
"sense": "to fortify wine",
"word": "加强"
}
],
"word": "強化"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "weakening",
"roman": "jakka",
"ruby": [
[
"弱化",
"じゃっか"
]
],
"word": "弱化"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "training camp",
"roman": "kyōka gasshuku",
"word": "強化合宿"
},
{
"english": "fortified rice",
"roman": "kyōkamai",
"word": "強化米"
},
{
"english": "fortified foods",
"roman": "kyōka shokuhin",
"word": "強化食品"
},
{
"roman": "kinō kyōka",
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"natural-sciences"
],
"word": "機能強化: functional enhancement"
},
{
"english": "increased or beefed up security",
"roman": "keibi kyōka",
"word": "警備強化"
},
{
"english": "strengthening of relations",
"roman": "kankei kyōka",
"word": "関係強化"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "強",
"3": "",
"4": "strengthen",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "kyō"
},
"expansion": "強 (kyō, “strengthen”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "化",
"3": "",
"4": "cause to become",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "ka"
},
"expansion": "化 (ka, “cause to become”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 強 (kyō, “strengthen”) + 化 (ka, “cause to become”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "強化",
"ruby": [
[
"強",
"きょう"
],
[
"化",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "きょうか"
},
"expansion": "強(きょう)化(か) • (kyōka)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"strengthening, intensification, buildup, reinforcement, augmenting"
],
"links": [
[
"strengthen",
"strengthen"
],
[
"intensification",
"intensify"
],
[
"buildup",
"buildup"
],
[
"reinforcement",
"reinforcement"
],
[
"augment",
"augment"
]
]
}
],
"word": "強化"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "強",
"3": "",
"4": "strengthen",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "kyō"
},
"expansion": "強 (kyō, “strengthen”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "化",
"3": "",
"4": "cause to become",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "ka"
},
"expansion": "化 (ka, “cause to become”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 強 (kyō, “strengthen”) + 化 (ka, “cause to become”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "強化する",
"ruby": [
[
"強",
"きょう"
],
[
"化",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "強化し",
"roman": "kyōka shi",
"ruby": [
[
"強",
"きょう"
],
[
"化",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "強化した",
"roman": "kyōka shita",
"ruby": [
[
"強",
"きょう"
],
[
"化",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "強化し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "強化する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "強化すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "強化せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "強化しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "強化される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "強化させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "強化さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "強化できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "強化しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "強化しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "強化せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "強化します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "強化した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "強化して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "強化すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうかすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōka sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to strengthen"
],
"links": [
[
"strengthen",
"strengthen"
]
]
}
],
"word": "強化"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.