"尊號" meaning in All languages combined

See 尊號 on Wiktionary

Noun [Chinese]

IPA: /t͡su̯ən⁵⁵ xɑʊ̯⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA, standard], /t͡su̯ən⁵⁵ xaʊ̯ɻʷ⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /t͡syːn⁵⁵ hou̯²²/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /t͡sun⁴⁴⁻³³ hɤ³³/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung, Min-Nan], /t͡sun⁴⁴⁻³³ ho³³/ [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Taipei], /t͡su̯ən⁵⁵ xɑʊ̯⁵¹/, /t͡su̯ən⁵⁵ xaʊ̯ɻʷ⁵¹/, /t͡syːn⁵⁵ hou̯²²/, /t͡sun⁴⁴⁻³³ hɤ³³/, /t͡sun⁴⁴⁻³³ ho³³/ Chinese transliterations: zūnhào [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄗㄨㄣ ㄏㄠˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], zyun¹ hou⁶ [Cantonese, Jyutping], chun-hō, zūnhào [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin, standard], ㄗㄨㄣ ㄏㄠˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo, standard], zunhào [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin, standard], tsun¹-hao⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles, standard], dzwūn-hàu [Mandarin, Yale, standard], tzuenhaw [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin, standard], цзуньхао [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], czunʹxao [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], zūnhàor [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], ㄗㄨㄣ ㄏㄠˋㄦ [Mandarin, bopomofo], zunhàor [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], tsun¹-hao⁴-ʼrh [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], dzwūn-hàur [Mandarin, Yale], tzuenhawl [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], цзуньхаор [Mandarin, Palladius], czunʹxaor [Mandarin, Palladius], jyūn houh [Cantonese, Yale], dzyn¹ hou⁶ [Cantonese, Pinyin], jun¹ hou⁶ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], chun-hō [Hokkien, Min-Nan, POJ], tsun-hō [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Tai-lo], zunhoi [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Phofsit-Daibuun] Forms: 尊号
Head templates: {{head|zh|noun}} 尊號
  1. regnal name
    Sense id: en-尊號-zh-noun-pxZHkfYj Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries, Monarchy Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 99 1 Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 99 1 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 99 1 Disambiguation of Monarchy: 98 2
  2. (honorific) name of your shop Tags: honorific
    Sense id: en-尊號-zh-noun-YsWES0EG
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Categories (other): Business Disambiguation of Business: 0 0

Noun [Korean]

Forms: jonho [romanization], 존호 [hangeul]
Head templates: {{ko-noun|hj|hangeul=존호}} 尊號 • (jonho) (hangeul 존호)
  1. hanja form of 존호 (“regnal name”) Tags: form-of, hanja Form of: 존호 (extra: regnal name)

Noun [Vietnamese]

Head templates: {{head|vi|noun|||head=|tr=}} 尊號, {{vi-noun|sc=Hani}} 尊號
  1. chữ Hán form of tôn hiệu (“regnal name”).
{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "langcode": "zh",
      "name": "Business",
      "orig": "zh:Business",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "尊号",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "尊號",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "99 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "99 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "99 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "98 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Monarchy",
          "orig": "zh:Monarchy",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "regnal name"
      ],
      "id": "en-尊號-zh-noun-pxZHkfYj",
      "links": [
        [
          "regnal name",
          "regnal name"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "name of your shop"
      ],
      "id": "en-尊號-zh-noun-YsWES0EG",
      "links": [
        [
          "name",
          "name"
        ],
        [
          "your",
          "your"
        ],
        [
          "shop",
          "shop"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(honorific) name of your shop"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "honorific"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zūnhào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄗㄨㄣ ㄏㄠˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zyun¹ hou⁶"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "chun-hō"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zūnhào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄗㄨㄣ ㄏㄠˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zunhào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsun¹-hao⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dzwūn-hàu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tzuenhaw"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "цзуньхао"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "czunʹxao"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡su̯ən⁵⁵ xɑʊ̯⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zūnhàor"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄗㄨㄣ ㄏㄠˋㄦ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zunhàor"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsun¹-hao⁴-ʼrh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dzwūn-hàur"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tzuenhawl"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "цзуньхаор"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "czunʹxaor"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡su̯ən⁵⁵ xaʊ̯ɻʷ⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jyūn houh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dzyn¹ hou⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jun¹ hou⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡syːn⁵⁵ hou̯²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chun-hō"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsun-hō"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zunhoi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sun⁴⁴⁻³³ hɤ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung",
        "Min-Nan"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sun⁴⁴⁻³³ ho³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡su̯ən⁵⁵ xɑʊ̯⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡su̯ən⁵⁵ xaʊ̯ɻʷ⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡syːn⁵⁵ hou̯²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sun⁴⁴⁻³³ hɤ³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sun⁴⁴⁻³³ ho³³/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "尊號"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "jonho",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "존호",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hj",
        "hangeul": "존호"
      },
      "expansion": "尊號 • (jonho) (hangeul 존호)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "regnal name",
          "word": "존호"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hanja form of 존호 (“regnal name”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-尊號-ko-noun-nRGXWEXD",
      "links": [
        [
          "hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "존호",
          "존호#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "regnal name",
          "regnal name"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "尊號"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "尊號",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "sc": "Hani"
      },
      "expansion": "尊號",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "chữ Hán form of tôn hiệu (“regnal name”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-尊號-vi-noun-1M~Wp1ur",
      "links": [
        [
          "chữ Hán",
          "chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "tôn hiệu",
          "tôn hiệu#Vietnamese:_尊號"
        ],
        [
          "regnal name",
          "regnal name"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "尊號"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese nouns",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 尊",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 號",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "zh:Business",
    "zh:Monarchy"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "尊号",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "尊號",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "regnal name"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "regnal name",
          "regnal name"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Chinese honorific terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "name of your shop"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "name",
          "name"
        ],
        [
          "your",
          "your"
        ],
        [
          "shop",
          "shop"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(honorific) name of your shop"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "honorific"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zūnhào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄗㄨㄣ ㄏㄠˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zyun¹ hou⁶"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "chun-hō"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zūnhào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄗㄨㄣ ㄏㄠˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zunhào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsun¹-hao⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dzwūn-hàu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tzuenhaw"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "цзуньхао"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "czunʹxao"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡su̯ən⁵⁵ xɑʊ̯⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zūnhàor"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄗㄨㄣ ㄏㄠˋㄦ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zunhàor"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsun¹-hao⁴-ʼrh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dzwūn-hàur"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tzuenhawl"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "цзуньхаор"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "czunʹxaor"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡su̯ən⁵⁵ xaʊ̯ɻʷ⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jyūn houh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dzyn¹ hou⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jun¹ hou⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡syːn⁵⁵ hou̯²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chun-hō"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsun-hō"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zunhoi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sun⁴⁴⁻³³ hɤ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung",
        "Min-Nan"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sun⁴⁴⁻³³ ho³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡su̯ən⁵⁵ xɑʊ̯⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡su̯ən⁵⁵ xaʊ̯ɻʷ⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡syːn⁵⁵ hou̯²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sun⁴⁴⁻³³ hɤ³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sun⁴⁴⁻³³ ho³³/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "尊號"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "jonho",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "존호",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hj",
        "hangeul": "존호"
      },
      "expansion": "尊號 • (jonho) (hangeul 존호)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
        "Korean hanja forms",
        "Korean lemmas",
        "Korean nouns",
        "Korean nouns in Han script",
        "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
        "Pages with 4 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "regnal name",
          "word": "존호"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hanja form of 존호 (“regnal name”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "존호",
          "존호#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "regnal name",
          "regnal name"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "尊號"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "尊號",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "sc": "Hani"
      },
      "expansion": "尊號",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 4 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
        "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Vietnamese lemmas",
        "Vietnamese nouns",
        "Vietnamese nouns in Han script"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "chữ Hán form of tôn hiệu (“regnal name”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "chữ Hán",
          "chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "tôn hiệu",
          "tôn hiệu#Vietnamese:_尊號"
        ],
        [
          "regnal name",
          "regnal name"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "尊號"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 尊號 meaning in All languages combined (4.7kB)

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "尊號"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "尊號",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "尊號"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "尊號",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
  "path": [
    "尊號"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "尊號",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (92124b4 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.