See 外交 on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "外交",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Elementary Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Diplomacy",
"orig": "zh:Diplomacy",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "International relations",
"orig": "zh:International relations",
"parents": [
"Earth",
"Politics",
"Nature",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "pīngpāng wàijiāo",
"word": "乒乓外交"
},
{
"word": "個人外交"
},
{
"word": "个人外交"
},
{
"word": "公開外交"
},
{
"word": "公开外交"
},
{
"word": "國民外交"
},
{
"word": "国民外交"
},
{
"word": "場外交易"
},
{
"word": "场外交易"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāo dàibiǎo",
"word": "外交代表"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāotuán",
"word": "外交團"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāotuán",
"word": "外交团"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāoxué",
"word": "外交學"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāoxué",
"word": "外交学"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāoguān",
"word": "外交官"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāojiā",
"word": "外交家"
},
{
"word": "外交庇護"
},
{
"word": "外交庇护"
},
{
"word": "外交照會"
},
{
"word": "外交照会"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāo tèquán",
"word": "外交特權"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāo tèquán",
"word": "外交特权"
},
{
"word": "外交詞令"
},
{
"word": "外交词令"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāo huòmiǎnquán",
"word": "外交豁免權"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāo huòmiǎnquán",
"word": "外交豁免权"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāo cílìng",
"word": "外交辭令"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāo cílìng",
"word": "外交辞令"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāobù",
"word": "外交部"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāo yóudài",
"word": "外交郵袋"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāo yóudài",
"word": "外交邮袋"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāo guānxì",
"word": "外交關係"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāo guānxì",
"word": "外交关系"
},
{
"word": "巨棒外交"
},
{
"word": "強權外交"
},
{
"word": "强权外交"
},
{
"word": "祕密外交"
},
{
"word": "秘密外交"
},
{
"word": "穿梭外交"
},
{
"roman": "jīnyuán wàijiāo",
"word": "金元外交"
},
{
"word": "金圓外交"
},
{
"word": "金圆外交"
},
{
"word": "防衛性外交"
},
{
"word": "防卫性外交"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "foreign policy",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "wàijiāo zhèngcè",
"text": "外交政策",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "history of foreign affairs",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "wàijiāo shǐ",
"text": "外交史",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "diplomatic norms",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "wàijiāo zhǔnzé",
"text": "外交準則",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "diplomatic norms",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "wàijiāo zhǔnzé",
"text": "外交准则",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "diplomatic correspondence",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "wàijiāo wénshū",
"text": "外交文書",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "diplomatic correspondence",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "wàijiāo wénshū",
"text": "外交文书",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"diplomacy; foreign affairs"
],
"id": "en-外交-zh-noun-yGI9yYFW",
"links": [
[
"diplomacy",
"diplomacy"
],
[
"foreign affairs",
"foreign affairs"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "guójì shìwù",
"word": "國際事務"
},
{
"roman": "guójì shìwù",
"word": "国际事务"
},
{
"roman": "wàishì",
"word": "外事"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāo shìwù",
"word": "外交事務"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāo shìwù",
"word": "外交事务"
},
{
"roman": "wàiwù",
"word": "外務"
},
{
"roman": "wàiwù",
"word": "外务"
},
{
"english": "late Qing dynasty",
"roman": "yíwù",
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"word": "夷務"
},
{
"english": "late Qing dynasty",
"roman": "yíwù",
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"word": "夷务"
},
{
"english": "late Qing dynasty",
"roman": "yángwù",
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"word": "洋務"
},
{
"english": "late Qing dynasty",
"roman": "yángwù",
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"word": "洋务"
},
{
"roman": "shèwài shìwù",
"word": "涉外事務"
},
{
"roman": "shèwài shìwù",
"word": "涉外事务"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "wàijiāo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄨㄞˋ ㄐㄧㄠ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi⁶ gaau¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi-kâu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "gōa-kau"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ghua⁷ gao¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁶nga-ciau₁; ⁶we-ciau₁"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "wàijiāo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "wàijiao"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "wai⁴-chiao¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "wài-jyāu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "wayjiau"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "вайцзяо"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "vajczjao"
},
{
"ipa": "/waɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoih gāau"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi⁶ gaau¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi⁶ gao¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋɔːi̯²² kaːu̯⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi-kâu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "gauˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi⁴ gau¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋoi̯⁵⁵ kau̯²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "guā-kau"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "goaxkaw"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ kau⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua⁴¹⁻²² kau³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ kau⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua³³⁻¹¹ kau⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua³³⁻²¹ kau⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "guā kau"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua¹¹ kau³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁶nga-ciau₁; ⁶we-ciau₁"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "nga^去 ciau^平; we^去 ciau^平"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "³nga-jiau₁; ³hhue-jiau₁"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/ŋa²² t͡ɕiɔ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/ɦue²² t͡ɕiɔ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/waɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋɔːi̯²² kaːu̯⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋoi̯⁵⁵ kau̯²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ kau⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua⁴¹⁻²² kau³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ kau⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua³³⁻¹¹ kau⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua³³⁻²¹ kau⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua¹¹ kau³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋa²² t͡ɕiɔ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɦue²² t͡ɕiɔ⁴⁴/"
}
],
"word": "外交"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "外交",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "gaikō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "gwaikau",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ぐわいかう",
"roman": "gwaikau",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "がいこう",
"hhira": "ぐわいかう"
},
"expansion": "外(がい)交(こう) • (gaikō) ^(←ぐわいかう (gwaikau)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Diplomacy",
"orig": "ja:Diplomacy",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "doru gaikō",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "ドル外交"
},
{
"roman": "nijū gaikō",
"ruby": [
[
"二",
"に"
],
[
"重",
"じゅう"
],
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "二重外交"
},
{
"roman": "jinken gaikō",
"ruby": [
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"権",
"けん"
],
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "人権外交"
},
{
"roman": "zenrin gaikō",
"ruby": [
[
"善",
"ぜん"
],
[
"隣",
"りん"
],
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "善隣外交"
},
{
"roman": "gaikō shisetsu",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"使",
"し"
],
[
"節",
"せつ"
]
],
"word": "外交使節"
},
{
"roman": "gaikōin",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"員",
"いん"
]
],
"word": "外交員"
},
{
"roman": "gaikōdan",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"団",
"だん"
]
],
"word": "外交団"
},
{
"roman": "gaikō taiken",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"大",
"たい"
],
[
"権",
"けん"
]
],
"word": "外交大権"
},
{
"roman": "gaikōkan",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"官",
"かん"
]
],
"word": "外交官"
},
{
"roman": "gaikōka",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"家",
"か"
]
],
"word": "外交家"
},
{
"roman": "gaikō bunsho",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"文",
"ぶん"
],
[
"書",
"しょ"
]
],
"word": "外交文書"
},
{
"roman": "gaikō kikan",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"機",
"き"
],
[
"関",
"かん"
]
],
"word": "外交機関"
},
{
"roman": "gaikō tokken",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"特",
"とっ"
],
[
"権",
"けん"
]
],
"word": "外交特権"
},
{
"roman": "gaikō jirei",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"辞",
"じ"
],
[
"令",
"れい"
]
],
"word": "外交辞令"
},
{
"roman": "gaikō seisho",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"青",
"せい"
],
[
"書",
"しょ"
]
],
"word": "外交青書"
},
{
"roman": "chōmon gaikō",
"ruby": [
[
"弔",
"ちょう"
],
[
"問",
"もん"
],
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "弔問外交"
},
{
"roman": "dansei gaikō",
"ruby": [
[
"弾",
"だん"
],
[
"性",
"せい"
],
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "弾性外交"
},
{
"roman": "minkan gaikō",
"ruby": [
[
"民",
"みん"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
],
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "民間外交"
},
{
"roman": "shōdo gaikō",
"ruby": [
[
"焦",
"しょう"
],
[
"土",
"ど"
],
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "焦土外交"
},
{
"roman": "hōkan gaikō",
"ruby": [
[
"砲",
"ほう"
],
[
"艦",
"かん"
],
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "砲艦外交"
},
{
"roman": "himitsu gaikō",
"ruby": [
[
"秘",
"ひ"
],
[
"密",
"みつ"
],
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "秘密外交"
}
],
"glosses": [
"diplomacy (art of conducting international relations)"
],
"id": "en-外交-ja-noun-dRE2JPN8",
"links": [
[
"diplomacy",
"diplomacy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(diplomacy) diplomacy (art of conducting international relations)"
],
"topics": [
"diplomacy",
"government",
"politics"
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:外交"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "がいこー"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡa̠iko̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "外交"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "oegyo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "외교",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hj",
"hangeul": "외교"
},
"expansion": "外交 • (oegyo) (hangeul 외교)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "diplomacy",
"word": "외교"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 외교 (“diplomacy”)"
],
"id": "en-外交-ko-noun-q9ix3qGz",
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"외교",
"외교#Korean"
],
[
"diplomacy",
"diplomacy"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "外交"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "外交",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "外交",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of ngoại giao (“diplomacy”)."
],
"id": "en-外交-vi-noun-p8skTEM8",
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"ngoại giao",
"ngoại giao#Vietnamese"
],
[
"diplomacy",
"diplomacy"
]
]
}
],
"word": "外交"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "pīngpāng wàijiāo",
"word": "乒乓外交"
},
{
"word": "個人外交"
},
{
"word": "个人外交"
},
{
"word": "公開外交"
},
{
"word": "公开外交"
},
{
"word": "國民外交"
},
{
"word": "国民外交"
},
{
"word": "場外交易"
},
{
"word": "场外交易"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāo dàibiǎo",
"word": "外交代表"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāotuán",
"word": "外交團"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāotuán",
"word": "外交团"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāoxué",
"word": "外交學"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāoxué",
"word": "外交学"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāoguān",
"word": "外交官"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāojiā",
"word": "外交家"
},
{
"word": "外交庇護"
},
{
"word": "外交庇护"
},
{
"word": "外交照會"
},
{
"word": "外交照会"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāo tèquán",
"word": "外交特權"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāo tèquán",
"word": "外交特权"
},
{
"word": "外交詞令"
},
{
"word": "外交词令"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāo huòmiǎnquán",
"word": "外交豁免權"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāo huòmiǎnquán",
"word": "外交豁免权"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāo cílìng",
"word": "外交辭令"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāo cílìng",
"word": "外交辞令"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāobù",
"word": "外交部"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāo yóudài",
"word": "外交郵袋"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāo yóudài",
"word": "外交邮袋"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāo guānxì",
"word": "外交關係"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāo guānxì",
"word": "外交关系"
},
{
"word": "巨棒外交"
},
{
"word": "強權外交"
},
{
"word": "强权外交"
},
{
"word": "祕密外交"
},
{
"word": "秘密外交"
},
{
"word": "穿梭外交"
},
{
"roman": "jīnyuán wàijiāo",
"word": "金元外交"
},
{
"word": "金圓外交"
},
{
"word": "金圆外交"
},
{
"word": "防衛性外交"
},
{
"word": "防卫性外交"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "外交",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese nouns",
"Cantonese terms with audio pronunciation",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 交",
"Chinese terms spelled with 外",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Hakka lemmas",
"Hakka nouns",
"Hokkien lemmas",
"Hokkien nouns",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin nouns",
"Mandarin terms with audio pronunciation",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Teochew lemmas",
"Teochew nouns",
"Wu lemmas",
"Wu nouns",
"zh:Diplomacy",
"zh:International relations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "foreign policy",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "wàijiāo zhèngcè",
"text": "外交政策",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "history of foreign affairs",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "wàijiāo shǐ",
"text": "外交史",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "diplomatic norms",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "wàijiāo zhǔnzé",
"text": "外交準則",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "diplomatic norms",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "wàijiāo zhǔnzé",
"text": "外交准则",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "diplomatic correspondence",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "wàijiāo wénshū",
"text": "外交文書",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "diplomatic correspondence",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "wàijiāo wénshū",
"text": "外交文书",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"diplomacy; foreign affairs"
],
"links": [
[
"diplomacy",
"diplomacy"
],
[
"foreign affairs",
"foreign affairs"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "wàijiāo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄨㄞˋ ㄐㄧㄠ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi⁶ gaau¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi-kâu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "gōa-kau"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ghua⁷ gao¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁶nga-ciau₁; ⁶we-ciau₁"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "wàijiāo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "wàijiao"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "wai⁴-chiao¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "wài-jyāu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "wayjiau"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "вайцзяо"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "vajczjao"
},
{
"ipa": "/waɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoih gāau"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi⁶ gaau¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi⁶ gao¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋɔːi̯²² kaːu̯⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi-kâu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "gauˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi⁴ gau¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋoi̯⁵⁵ kau̯²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "guā-kau"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "goaxkaw"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ kau⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua⁴¹⁻²² kau³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ kau⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua³³⁻¹¹ kau⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua³³⁻²¹ kau⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "guā kau"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua¹¹ kau³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁶nga-ciau₁; ⁶we-ciau₁"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "nga^去 ciau^平; we^去 ciau^平"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "³nga-jiau₁; ³hhue-jiau₁"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/ŋa²² t͡ɕiɔ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/ɦue²² t͡ɕiɔ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/waɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋɔːi̯²² kaːu̯⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋoi̯⁵⁵ kau̯²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ kau⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua⁴¹⁻²² kau³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ kau⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua³³⁻¹¹ kau⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua³³⁻²¹ kau⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua¹¹ kau³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋa²² t͡ɕiɔ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɦue²² t͡ɕiɔ⁴⁴/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "guójì shìwù",
"word": "國際事務"
},
{
"roman": "guójì shìwù",
"word": "国际事务"
},
{
"roman": "wàishì",
"word": "外事"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāo shìwù",
"word": "外交事務"
},
{
"roman": "wàijiāo shìwù",
"word": "外交事务"
},
{
"roman": "wàiwù",
"word": "外務"
},
{
"roman": "wàiwù",
"word": "外务"
},
{
"english": "late Qing dynasty",
"roman": "yíwù",
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"word": "夷務"
},
{
"english": "late Qing dynasty",
"roman": "yíwù",
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"word": "夷务"
},
{
"english": "late Qing dynasty",
"roman": "yángwù",
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"word": "洋務"
},
{
"english": "late Qing dynasty",
"roman": "yángwù",
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"word": "洋务"
},
{
"roman": "shèwài shìwù",
"word": "涉外事務"
},
{
"roman": "shèwài shìwù",
"word": "涉外事务"
}
],
"word": "外交"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "doru gaikō",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "ドル外交"
},
{
"roman": "nijū gaikō",
"ruby": [
[
"二",
"に"
],
[
"重",
"じゅう"
],
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "二重外交"
},
{
"roman": "jinken gaikō",
"ruby": [
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"権",
"けん"
],
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "人権外交"
},
{
"roman": "zenrin gaikō",
"ruby": [
[
"善",
"ぜん"
],
[
"隣",
"りん"
],
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "善隣外交"
},
{
"roman": "gaikō shisetsu",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"使",
"し"
],
[
"節",
"せつ"
]
],
"word": "外交使節"
},
{
"roman": "gaikōin",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"員",
"いん"
]
],
"word": "外交員"
},
{
"roman": "gaikōdan",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"団",
"だん"
]
],
"word": "外交団"
},
{
"roman": "gaikō taiken",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"大",
"たい"
],
[
"権",
"けん"
]
],
"word": "外交大権"
},
{
"roman": "gaikōkan",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"官",
"かん"
]
],
"word": "外交官"
},
{
"roman": "gaikōka",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"家",
"か"
]
],
"word": "外交家"
},
{
"roman": "gaikō bunsho",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"文",
"ぶん"
],
[
"書",
"しょ"
]
],
"word": "外交文書"
},
{
"roman": "gaikō kikan",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"機",
"き"
],
[
"関",
"かん"
]
],
"word": "外交機関"
},
{
"roman": "gaikō tokken",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"特",
"とっ"
],
[
"権",
"けん"
]
],
"word": "外交特権"
},
{
"roman": "gaikō jirei",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"辞",
"じ"
],
[
"令",
"れい"
]
],
"word": "外交辞令"
},
{
"roman": "gaikō seisho",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"青",
"せい"
],
[
"書",
"しょ"
]
],
"word": "外交青書"
},
{
"roman": "chōmon gaikō",
"ruby": [
[
"弔",
"ちょう"
],
[
"問",
"もん"
],
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "弔問外交"
},
{
"roman": "dansei gaikō",
"ruby": [
[
"弾",
"だん"
],
[
"性",
"せい"
],
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "弾性外交"
},
{
"roman": "minkan gaikō",
"ruby": [
[
"民",
"みん"
],
[
"間",
"かん"
],
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "民間外交"
},
{
"roman": "shōdo gaikō",
"ruby": [
[
"焦",
"しょう"
],
[
"土",
"ど"
],
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "焦土外交"
},
{
"roman": "hōkan gaikō",
"ruby": [
[
"砲",
"ほう"
],
[
"艦",
"かん"
],
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "砲艦外交"
},
{
"roman": "himitsu gaikō",
"ruby": [
[
"秘",
"ひ"
],
[
"密",
"みつ"
],
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "秘密外交"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "外交",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"交",
"こう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "gaikō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "gwaikau",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ぐわいかう",
"roman": "gwaikau",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "がいこう",
"hhira": "ぐわいかう"
},
"expansion": "外(がい)交(こう) • (gaikō) ^(←ぐわいかう (gwaikau)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms historically spelled with わ",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:Diplomacy"
],
"glosses": [
"diplomacy (art of conducting international relations)"
],
"links": [
[
"diplomacy",
"diplomacy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(diplomacy) diplomacy (art of conducting international relations)"
],
"topics": [
"diplomacy",
"government",
"politics"
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:外交"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "がいこー"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡa̠iko̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "外交"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "oegyo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "외교",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hj",
"hangeul": "외교"
},
"expansion": "外交 • (oegyo) (hangeul 외교)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean hanja forms",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean nouns in Han script",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "diplomacy",
"word": "외교"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 외교 (“diplomacy”)"
],
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"외교",
"외교#Korean"
],
[
"diplomacy",
"diplomacy"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "外交"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "外交",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "外交",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns in Han script"
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of ngoại giao (“diplomacy”)."
],
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"ngoại giao",
"ngoại giao#Vietnamese"
],
[
"diplomacy",
"diplomacy"
]
]
}
],
"word": "外交"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 外交 meaning in All languages combined (12.9kB)
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"外交"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "外交",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu)'",
"path": [
"外交"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "外交",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
"path": [
"外交"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "外交",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"外交"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "外交",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)'",
"path": [
"外交"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "外交",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"外交"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "外交",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
"path": [
"外交"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "外交",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"外交"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "外交",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"外交"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "外交",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2196",
"msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E4%BA%8B%E5%8B%99'], ['edit']){} >",
"path": [
"外交"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "外交",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"外交"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "外交",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"外交"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "外交",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.