See 塹 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 塹 meaning in All languages combined (7.9kB)
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "32",
"tags": [
"radical"
]
},
{
"form": "土+11",
"tags": [
"radical"
]
},
{
"form": "14",
"tags": [
"strokes"
]
},
{
"form": "十中土",
"roman": "JLG",
"tags": [
"cangjie-input"
]
},
{
"form": "5210₄",
"tags": [
"four-corner"
]
},
{
"form": "⿱斬土",
"tags": [
"composition"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"as": "11",
"canj": "JLG",
"four": "52104",
"ids": "⿱斬土",
"rad": "土",
"rn": "32",
"sn": "14"
},
"expansion": "塹 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 十中土 (JLG), four-corner 5210₄, composition ⿱斬土)",
"name": "Han char"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual Han characters with definition lines",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"moat, trench, pit, cavity"
],
"id": "en-塹-mul-character-PyKhuRvm",
"links": [
[
"moat",
"moat"
],
[
"trench",
"trench"
],
[
"pit",
"pit"
],
[
"cavity",
"cavity"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "塹"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "地塹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "地堑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "坑塹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "坑堑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "塹坑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "堑坑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "qiànháo",
"word": "塹壕"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "qiànháo",
"word": "堑壕"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "壕塹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "壕堑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "壘塹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "垒堑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "tiānqiàn",
"word": "天塹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "tiānqiàn",
"word": "天堑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "欲塹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "欲堑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "溝塹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "沟堑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "Zhúqiàn",
"word": "竹塹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "Zhúqiàn",
"word": "竹堑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "長江天塹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "长江天堑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "Mǎqiàn",
"word": "馬塹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "Mǎqiàn",
"word": "马堑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "高城深塹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "高城深堑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "高壁深塹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "高壁深堑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gāolěishēnqiàn",
"word": "高壘深塹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gāolěishēnqiàn",
"word": "高垒深堑"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "形聲",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "形聲／形声",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "psc",
"adj": "",
"nocap": "",
"pron": "OC *sʰams"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰams)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "斬//",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"tr": "<span style=\"border-bottom: 1px dotted #000; cursor:help\" title=\"Old Chinese\">OC *ʔsreːmʔ</span>"
},
"expansion": "斬 (OC *ʔsreːmʔ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "土//",
"3": "",
"4": "earth",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "土 (“earth”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "斬",
"2": "土",
"c1": "p",
"c2": "s",
"ls": "psc",
"t2": "earth"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰams) : phonetic 斬 (OC *ʔsreːmʔ) + semantic 土 (“earth”)",
"name": "Han compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰams) : phonetic 斬 (OC *ʔsreːmʔ) + semantic 土 (“earth”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "塹",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A deep pit or trench, especially a city moat"
],
"id": "en-塹-zh-character-ca55KA7u",
"links": [
[
"deep",
"deep"
],
[
"pit",
"pit"
],
[
"trench",
"trench"
],
[
"especially",
"especially"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"moat",
"moat"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A natural barrier"
],
"id": "en-塹-zh-character-4k7FUyk8",
"links": [
[
"natural",
"natural"
],
[
"barrier",
"barrier"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 25 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A rift valley"
],
"id": "en-塹-zh-character-haMjrz5M",
"links": [
[
"rift valley",
"rift valley"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "qiàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "qian⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄑㄧㄢˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "cim³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "qiàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ciàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "chʻien⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "chyàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "chiann"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "цянь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "cjanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "chim"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tsim³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "qim³"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiːm³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "tshjemH"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[tsʰ]am-s/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*sʰams/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiːm³³/"
},
{
"other": "[tsʰ]"
},
{
"other": "/*sʰams/"
}
],
"word": "塹"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Uncommon kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"id": "en-塹-ja-character-47DEQpj8",
"tags": [
"Hyōgai",
"kanji",
"no-gloss",
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"word": "塹"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "cham",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "참",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
},
{
"form": "cham",
"tags": [
"revised"
]
},
{
"form": "ch'am",
"tags": [
"McCune-Reischauer"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "Han characters",
"sc": "Kore",
"sort": "참",
"tr": "cham"
},
"expansion": "塹 • (cham)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "참",
"mr": "ch'am",
"rv": "cham"
},
"expansion": "塹 • (cham) (hangeul 참, revised cham, McCune–Reischauer ch'am)",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"id": "en-塹-ko-character-47DEQpj8",
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "塹"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "khiếm",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"id": "en-塹-vi-character-47DEQpj8",
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "塹"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"zh-pron usage missing POS"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "地塹"
},
{
"word": "地堑"
},
{
"word": "坑塹"
},
{
"word": "坑堑"
},
{
"word": "塹坑"
},
{
"word": "堑坑"
},
{
"roman": "qiànháo",
"word": "塹壕"
},
{
"roman": "qiànháo",
"word": "堑壕"
},
{
"word": "壕塹"
},
{
"word": "壕堑"
},
{
"word": "壘塹"
},
{
"word": "垒堑"
},
{
"roman": "tiānqiàn",
"word": "天塹"
},
{
"roman": "tiānqiàn",
"word": "天堑"
},
{
"word": "欲塹"
},
{
"word": "欲堑"
},
{
"word": "溝塹"
},
{
"word": "沟堑"
},
{
"roman": "Zhúqiàn",
"word": "竹塹"
},
{
"roman": "Zhúqiàn",
"word": "竹堑"
},
{
"word": "長江天塹"
},
{
"word": "长江天堑"
},
{
"roman": "Mǎqiàn",
"word": "馬塹"
},
{
"roman": "Mǎqiàn",
"word": "马堑"
},
{
"word": "高城深塹"
},
{
"word": "高城深堑"
},
{
"word": "高壁深塹"
},
{
"word": "高壁深堑"
},
{
"roman": "gāolěishēnqiàn",
"word": "高壘深塹"
},
{
"roman": "gāolěishēnqiàn",
"word": "高垒深堑"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "形聲",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "形聲／形声",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "psc",
"adj": "",
"nocap": "",
"pron": "OC *sʰams"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰams)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "斬//",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"tr": "<span style=\"border-bottom: 1px dotted #000; cursor:help\" title=\"Old Chinese\">OC *ʔsreːmʔ</span>"
},
"expansion": "斬 (OC *ʔsreːmʔ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "土//",
"3": "",
"4": "earth",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "土 (“earth”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "斬",
"2": "土",
"c1": "p",
"c2": "s",
"ls": "psc",
"t2": "earth"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰams) : phonetic 斬 (OC *ʔsreːmʔ) + semantic 土 (“earth”)",
"name": "Han compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰams) : phonetic 斬 (OC *ʔsreːmʔ) + semantic 土 (“earth”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "塹",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A deep pit or trench, especially a city moat"
],
"links": [
[
"deep",
"deep"
],
[
"pit",
"pit"
],
[
"trench",
"trench"
],
[
"especially",
"especially"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"moat",
"moat"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A natural barrier"
],
"links": [
[
"natural",
"natural"
],
[
"barrier",
"barrier"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A rift valley"
],
"links": [
[
"rift valley",
"rift valley"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "qiàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "qian⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄑㄧㄢˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "cim³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "qiàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ciàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "chʻien⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "chyàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "chiann"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "цянь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "cjanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "chim"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tsim³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "qim³"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiːm³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "tshjemH"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[tsʰ]am-s/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*sʰams/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiːm³³/"
},
{
"other": "[tsʰ]"
},
{
"other": "/*sʰams/"
}
],
"word": "塹"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese terms spelled with 塹",
"Uncommon kanji"
],
"tags": [
"Hyōgai",
"kanji",
"no-gloss",
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"word": "塹"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "cham",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "참",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
},
{
"form": "cham",
"tags": [
"revised"
]
},
{
"form": "ch'am",
"tags": [
"McCune-Reischauer"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "Han characters",
"sc": "Kore",
"sort": "참",
"tr": "cham"
},
"expansion": "塹 • (cham)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "참",
"mr": "ch'am",
"rv": "cham"
},
"expansion": "塹 • (cham) (hangeul 참, revised cham, McCune–Reischauer ch'am)",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean Han characters",
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes"
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "塹"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "32",
"tags": [
"radical"
]
},
{
"form": "土+11",
"tags": [
"radical"
]
},
{
"form": "14",
"tags": [
"strokes"
]
},
{
"form": "十中土",
"roman": "JLG",
"tags": [
"cangjie-input"
]
},
{
"form": "5210₄",
"tags": [
"four-corner"
]
},
{
"form": "⿱斬土",
"tags": [
"composition"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"as": "11",
"canj": "JLG",
"four": "52104",
"ids": "⿱斬土",
"rad": "土",
"rn": "32",
"sn": "14"
},
"expansion": "塹 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 十中土 (JLG), four-corner 5210₄, composition ⿱斬土)",
"name": "Han char"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Han script characters",
"Translingual Han characters with definition lines",
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual symbols",
"Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"moat, trench, pit, cavity"
],
"links": [
[
"moat",
"moat"
],
[
"trench",
"trench"
],
[
"pit",
"pit"
],
[
"cavity",
"cavity"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "塹"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "khiếm",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Han characters",
"Vietnamese Han characters with unconfirmed readings",
"Vietnamese lemmas"
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "塹"
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"塹"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "塹",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"塹"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "塹",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.