See 堵 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 堵 meaning in All languages combined (13.5kB)
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"堵 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 土十大日 (GJKA), four-corner 4416₀, composition ⿰土者)"
],
"id": "en-堵-mul-character-IAqV-F48",
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"土",
"土#Translingual"
],
[
"者",
"者#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "堵"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Qīdǔ",
"word": "七堵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "傳神阿堵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "传神阿堵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Bādǔ",
"word": "八堵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "wéidǔ",
"word": "圍堵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "wéidǔ",
"word": "围堵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "堵人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "堵喪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "堵丧"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dǔzuǐ",
"word": "堵嘴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Dǔchéng",
"word": "堵城"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "堵塞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dǔxīn",
"word": "堵心"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "堵牆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "堵墙"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "堵門兒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "堵门儿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "堵頭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "堵头"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "piah-tó͘",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "壁堵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "āndǔ",
"word": "安堵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "安堵如故"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "安堵樂業"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "安堵乐业"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "對堵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "对堵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "按堵如故"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "環堵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "环堵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "環堵蕭然"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "环堵萧然"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "當堵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "当堵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "百堵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "百堵皆作"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "觀者如堵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "观者如堵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "fángdǔ",
"word": "防堵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ādǔ",
"word": "阿堵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ādǔwù",
"word": "阿堵物"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "堵",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"a unit of measure of the length and height of a wall"
],
"id": "en-堵-zh-character-XiMiMABa",
"links": [
[
"unit of measure",
"unit of measure#English"
],
[
"length",
"length#English"
],
[
"height",
"height#English"
],
[
"wall",
"wall#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) a unit of measure of the length and height of a wall"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a wall of spectators",
"roman": "guānzhěrúdǔ",
"text": "觀者如堵／观者如堵",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wall"
],
"id": "en-堵-zh-character-TYqqZPaF",
"links": [
[
"wall",
"wall"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) wall"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to be jammed with traffic",
"roman": "dǔchē",
"text": "堵車／堵车",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to close this loophole",
"roman": "dǔ shàng zhège lòudòng",
"text": "堵上這個漏洞／堵上这个漏洞",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The drain pipe is clogged.",
"roman": "Xiàshuǐguǎn dǔ le.",
"text": "下水管堵了。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to block up; to stop up"
],
"id": "en-堵-zh-character-3LMYZ2Dq",
"links": [
[
"block up",
"block up"
],
[
"stop up",
"stop up"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 87 3 3 3 2 3",
"roman": "sāi",
"sense": "to block up",
"word": "塞"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Teochew Chinese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to encounter"
],
"id": "en-堵-zh-character-56xG3iJq",
"links": [
[
"encounter",
"encounter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Teochew) to encounter"
],
"tags": [
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to feel suffocated; to be depressed",
"roman": "xīnlǐ dǔ dé huāng",
"text": "心裡堵得慌／心里堵得慌",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stifled; suffocated"
],
"id": "en-堵-zh-character-psgXFGg~",
"links": [
[
"stifled",
"stifled"
],
[
"suffocated",
"suffocated"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 0 7 5 2 36 6 6 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 0 4 3 2 39 14 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Eastern Min classifiers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 0 11 4 2 24 14 17 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Elementary Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An ancient unit of measure, denoting sixteen bells or chimes hanging on a bell pendant stand."
],
"id": "en-堵-zh-character-KebwwZ6Q",
"links": [
[
"unit of measure",
"unit of measure#English"
],
[
"bell",
"bell#English"
],
[
"chime",
"chime#English"
],
[
"pendant",
"pendant#English"
],
[
"stand",
"stand#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) An ancient unit of measure, denoting sixteen bells or chimes hanging on a bell pendant stand."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese nouns classified by 堵",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "16 0 1 4 0 21 43 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese classifiers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Classifier for walls. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier"
],
"id": "en-堵-zh-character-D5o7agct",
"links": [
[
"wall",
"wall"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(a verse from the Hundred Family Surnames)",
"roman": "Jī Shēn Fú Dǔ",
"text": "姬申扶堵",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a surname"
],
"id": "en-堵-zh-character-v2O7m9sM",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "du³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄉㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "dou²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "u²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "tù"
},
{
"zh-pron": "dū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "tó͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "du²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁵tu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "dǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "dǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "duu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ду"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "du"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu²¹⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "dou²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "dóu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dou²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "dou²"
},
{
"ipa": "/tou̯³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "u²"
},
{
"ipa": "/u⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "tù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "duˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "du²"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "dū"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu³³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tóo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "dor"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tú"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁵²/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁵tu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "tu^去"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "²tu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/tu³⁴/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "tuX"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*tˤaʔ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*taːʔ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu²¹⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tou̯³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/u⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ⁵⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁵²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu³⁴/"
},
{
"other": "/*tˤaʔ/"
},
{
"other": "/*taːʔ/"
}
],
"word": "堵"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "堵",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Zhe or Du River (river in Hubei Province, China)"
],
"id": "en-堵-zh-character-qPjQPcEx",
"links": [
[
"河",
"河#Chinese"
],
[
"Hubei",
"Hubei#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(～河) Zhe or Du River (river in Hubei Province, China)"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "zhě"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "zhe³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄓㄜˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "ze²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "zhě"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jhě"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "chê³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jě"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "jee"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "чжэ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "čžɛ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jé"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dze²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "zé²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɛː³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "tsyaeX"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*tjaːʔ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɛː³⁵/"
},
{
"other": "/*tjaːʔ/"
}
],
"word": "堵"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kanji used for names",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"id": "en-堵-ja-character-47DEQpj8",
"tags": [
"Jinmeiyō",
"kanji",
"no-gloss"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Extended shinjitai",
"Kyūjitai",
"Shinjitai"
]
}
],
"word": "堵"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "do",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "도",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
},
{
"form": "do",
"tags": [
"revised"
]
},
{
"form": "to",
"tags": [
"McCune-Reischauer"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "Han characters",
"sc": "Kore",
"sort": "도",
"tr": "do"
},
"expansion": "堵 • (do)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "도",
"mr": "to",
"rv": "do"
},
"expansion": "堵 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to)",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"id": "en-堵-ko-character-47DEQpj8",
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "堵"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "đổ",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"id": "en-堵-vi-character-47DEQpj8",
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "堵"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese classifiers",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Eastern Min adjectives",
"Eastern Min classifiers",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Eastern Min verbs",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese lemmas"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "Qīdǔ",
"word": "七堵"
},
{
"word": "傳神阿堵"
},
{
"word": "传神阿堵"
},
{
"roman": "Bādǔ",
"word": "八堵"
},
{
"roman": "wéidǔ",
"word": "圍堵"
},
{
"roman": "wéidǔ",
"word": "围堵"
},
{
"word": "堵人"
},
{
"word": "堵喪"
},
{
"word": "堵丧"
},
{
"roman": "dǔzuǐ",
"word": "堵嘴"
},
{
"roman": "Dǔchéng",
"word": "堵城"
},
{
"word": "堵塞"
},
{
"roman": "dǔxīn",
"word": "堵心"
},
{
"word": "堵牆"
},
{
"word": "堵墙"
},
{
"word": "堵門兒"
},
{
"word": "堵门儿"
},
{
"word": "堵頭"
},
{
"word": "堵头"
},
{
"roman": "piah-tó͘",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "壁堵"
},
{
"roman": "āndǔ",
"word": "安堵"
},
{
"word": "安堵如故"
},
{
"word": "安堵樂業"
},
{
"word": "安堵乐业"
},
{
"word": "對堵"
},
{
"word": "对堵"
},
{
"word": "按堵如故"
},
{
"word": "環堵"
},
{
"word": "环堵"
},
{
"word": "環堵蕭然"
},
{
"word": "环堵萧然"
},
{
"word": "當堵"
},
{
"word": "当堵"
},
{
"word": "百堵"
},
{
"word": "百堵皆作"
},
{
"word": "觀者如堵"
},
{
"word": "观者如堵"
},
{
"roman": "fángdǔ",
"word": "防堵"
},
{
"roman": "ādǔ",
"word": "阿堵"
},
{
"roman": "ādǔwù",
"word": "阿堵物"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "堵",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"a unit of measure of the length and height of a wall"
],
"links": [
[
"unit of measure",
"unit of measure#English"
],
[
"length",
"length#English"
],
[
"height",
"height#English"
],
[
"wall",
"wall#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) a unit of measure of the length and height of a wall"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a wall of spectators",
"roman": "guānzhěrúdǔ",
"text": "觀者如堵／观者如堵",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wall"
],
"links": [
[
"wall",
"wall"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) wall"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to be jammed with traffic",
"roman": "dǔchē",
"text": "堵車／堵车",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to close this loophole",
"roman": "dǔ shàng zhège lòudòng",
"text": "堵上這個漏洞／堵上这个漏洞",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The drain pipe is clogged.",
"roman": "Xiàshuǐguǎn dǔ le.",
"text": "下水管堵了。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to block up; to stop up"
],
"links": [
[
"block up",
"block up"
],
[
"stop up",
"stop up"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Teochew Chinese"
],
"glosses": [
"to encounter"
],
"links": [
[
"encounter",
"encounter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Teochew) to encounter"
],
"tags": [
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to feel suffocated; to be depressed",
"roman": "xīnlǐ dǔ dé huāng",
"text": "心裡堵得慌／心里堵得慌",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stifled; suffocated"
],
"links": [
[
"stifled",
"stifled"
],
[
"suffocated",
"suffocated"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"An ancient unit of measure, denoting sixteen bells or chimes hanging on a bell pendant stand."
],
"links": [
[
"unit of measure",
"unit of measure#English"
],
[
"bell",
"bell#English"
],
[
"chime",
"chime#English"
],
[
"pendant",
"pendant#English"
],
[
"stand",
"stand#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) An ancient unit of measure, denoting sixteen bells or chimes hanging on a bell pendant stand."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese nouns classified by 堵"
],
"glosses": [
"Classifier for walls. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier"
],
"links": [
[
"wall",
"wall"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese surnames",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(a verse from the Hundred Family Surnames)",
"roman": "Jī Shēn Fú Dǔ",
"text": "姬申扶堵",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a surname"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "du³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄉㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "dou²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "u²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "tù"
},
{
"zh-pron": "dū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "tó͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "du²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁵tu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "dǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "dǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "duu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ду"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "du"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu²¹⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "dou²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "dóu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dou²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "dou²"
},
{
"ipa": "/tou̯³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "u²"
},
{
"ipa": "/u⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "tù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "duˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "du²"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "dū"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu³³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tóo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "dor"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tú"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁵²/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁵tu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "tu^去"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "²tu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/tu³⁴/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "tuX"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*tˤaʔ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*taːʔ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu²¹⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tou̯³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/u⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ⁵⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁵²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu³⁴/"
},
{
"other": "/*tˤaʔ/"
},
{
"other": "/*taːʔ/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "sāi",
"sense": "to block up",
"word": "塞"
}
],
"word": "堵"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese lemmas"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "堵",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Zhe or Du River (river in Hubei Province, China)"
],
"links": [
[
"河",
"河#Chinese"
],
[
"Hubei",
"Hubei#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(～河) Zhe or Du River (river in Hubei Province, China)"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "zhě"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "zhe³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄓㄜˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "ze²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "zhě"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jhě"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "chê³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jě"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "jee"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "чжэ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "čžɛ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jé"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dze²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "zé²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɛː³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "tsyaeX"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*tjaːʔ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɛː³⁵/"
},
{
"other": "/*tjaːʔ/"
}
],
"word": "堵"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading つ",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading と",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading かき",
"Japanese terms spelled with 堵",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Kanji used for names"
],
"tags": [
"Jinmeiyō",
"kanji",
"no-gloss"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Extended shinjitai",
"Kyūjitai",
"Shinjitai"
]
}
],
"word": "堵"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "do",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "도",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
},
{
"form": "do",
"tags": [
"revised"
]
},
{
"form": "to",
"tags": [
"McCune-Reischauer"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "Han characters",
"sc": "Kore",
"sort": "도",
"tr": "do"
},
"expansion": "堵 • (do)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "도",
"mr": "to",
"rv": "do"
},
"expansion": "堵 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to)",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean Han characters",
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes"
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "堵"
}
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Han script characters",
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual symbols",
"Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"堵 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 土十大日 (GJKA), four-corner 4416₀, composition ⿰土者)"
],
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"土",
"土#Translingual"
],
[
"者",
"者#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "堵"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "đổ",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Han characters",
"Vietnamese Han characters with unconfirmed readings",
"Vietnamese lemmas"
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "堵"
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"堵"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "堵",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min'",
"path": [
"堵"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "堵",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"堵"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "堵",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Shanghai):'",
"path": [
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],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
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{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
"path": [
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"subsection": "",
"title": "堵",
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}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
"path": [
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],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "堵",
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}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "堵",
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}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
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}
{
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"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
"path": [
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}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
"path": [
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}
{
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"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Northern)'",
"path": [
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"subsection": "",
"title": "堵",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
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}
{
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"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
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}
{
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}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ～河",
"path": [
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"title": "堵",
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}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ～河",
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}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.