See 古書 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 古書 meaning in All languages combined (6.7kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "古書"
},
"expansion": "古書",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "古%書",
"2": "こ%しょ",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "古(こ)書(しょ) (kosho)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "고서(古書)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 고서(古書) (goseo)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "古書",
"2": "こ%しょ",
"3": "고서",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "古書",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "古書",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "古%書",
"v": "古書",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (古書):\n* → Japanese: 古(こ)書(しょ) (kosho)\n* → Korean: 고서(古書) (goseo)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "こ%しょ",
"3": "고서",
"j": "古%書"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (古書):\n* → Japanese: 古(こ)書(しょ) (kosho)\n* → Korean: 고서(古書) (goseo)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (古書):\n* → Japanese: 古(こ)書(しょ) (kosho)\n* → Korean: 고서(古書) (goseo)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "古書",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Books",
"orig": "zh:Books",
"parents": [
"Literature",
"Mass media",
"Culture",
"Entertainment",
"Writing",
"Media",
"Society",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"antique book; ancient text"
],
"id": "en-古書-zh-noun-nxwh5PcT",
"links": [
[
"antique",
"antique"
],
[
"book",
"book"
],
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
],
[
"text",
"text"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "古冊"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "古册"
},
{
"roman": "gǔjí",
"word": "古籍"
},
{
"roman": "jīngjí",
"word": "經籍"
},
{
"roman": "jīngjí",
"word": "经籍"
},
{
"roman": "jiùdiǎn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "舊典"
},
{
"roman": "jiùdiǎn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "旧典"
},
{
"roman": "jiùshū",
"word": "舊書"
},
{
"roman": "jiùshū",
"word": "旧书"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gǔshū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄨˇ ㄕㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gu² syu¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "kó͘-chu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gǔshū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄨˇ ㄕㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gǔshu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ku³-shu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gǔ-shū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "guushu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "гушу"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gušu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gú syū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gu² sy¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gu² xu¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː³⁵ syː⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kó͘-chu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kóo-tsu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kofzw"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "kuX syo"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː³⁵ syː⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁴⁴/"
}
],
"word": "古書"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "古書",
"ruby": [
[
"古",
"こ"
],
[
"書",
"しょ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kosho",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こしょ"
},
"expansion": "古(こ)書(しょ) • (kosho)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"an old book; a rare book; a classic"
],
"id": "en-古書-ja-noun-Xda~2hBS",
"links": [
[
"book",
"book"
],
[
"classic",
"classic"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 83",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 85",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 85",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a second-hand book"
],
"id": "en-古書-ja-noun-nmI0A3ER"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko̞ɕo̞]"
}
],
"word": "古書"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "goseo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "고서",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hj",
"hangeul": "고서"
},
"expansion": "古書 • (goseo) (hangeul 고서)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "an old book",
"word": "고서"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 고서 (“an old book”)."
],
"id": "en-古書-ko-noun-7isAYYRx",
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"고서",
"고서#Korean"
],
[
"book",
"book"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "古書"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "古書"
},
"expansion": "古書",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "古%書",
"2": "こ%しょ",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "古(こ)書(しょ) (kosho)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "고서(古書)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 고서(古書) (goseo)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "古書",
"2": "こ%しょ",
"3": "고서",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "古書",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "古書",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "古%書",
"v": "古書",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (古書):\n* → Japanese: 古(こ)書(しょ) (kosho)\n* → Korean: 고서(古書) (goseo)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "こ%しょ",
"3": "고서",
"j": "古%書"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (古書):\n* → Japanese: 古(こ)書(しょ) (kosho)\n* → Korean: 고서(古書) (goseo)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (古書):\n* → Japanese: 古(こ)書(しょ) (kosho)\n* → Korean: 고서(古書) (goseo)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "古書",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese nouns",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Hokkien lemmas",
"Hokkien nouns",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin nouns",
"Mandarin terms with homophones",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"zh:Books"
],
"glosses": [
"antique book; ancient text"
],
"links": [
[
"antique",
"antique"
],
[
"book",
"book"
],
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
],
[
"text",
"text"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gǔshū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄨˇ ㄕㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gu² syu¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "kó͘-chu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gǔshū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄨˇ ㄕㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gǔshu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ku³-shu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gǔ-shū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "guushu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "гушу"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gušu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gú syū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gu² sy¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gu² xu¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː³⁵ syː⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kó͘-chu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kóo-tsu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kofzw"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "kuX syo"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː³⁵ syː⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁴⁴/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "古冊"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "古册"
},
{
"roman": "gǔjí",
"word": "古籍"
},
{
"roman": "jīngjí",
"word": "經籍"
},
{
"roman": "jīngjí",
"word": "经籍"
},
{
"roman": "jiùdiǎn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "舊典"
},
{
"roman": "jiùdiǎn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "旧典"
},
{
"roman": "jiùshū",
"word": "舊書"
},
{
"roman": "jiùshū",
"word": "旧书"
}
],
"word": "古書"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "古書",
"ruby": [
[
"古",
"こ"
],
[
"書",
"しょ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kosho",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こしょ"
},
"expansion": "古(こ)書(しょ) • (kosho)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"an old book; a rare book; a classic"
],
"links": [
[
"book",
"book"
],
[
"classic",
"classic"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a second-hand book"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko̞ɕo̞]"
}
],
"word": "古書"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "goseo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "고서",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hj",
"hangeul": "고서"
},
"expansion": "古書 • (goseo) (hangeul 고서)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "an old book",
"word": "고서"
}
],
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean nouns in Han script",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 고서 (“an old book”)."
],
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"고서",
"고서#Korean"
],
[
"book",
"book"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "古書"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <sup> not properly closed",
"path": [
"古書"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "古書",
"trace": "started on line 20, detected on line 20"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </sup>",
"path": [
"古書"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "古書",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"古書"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "古書",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
"path": [
"古書"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "古書",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"古書"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "古書",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"古書"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "古書",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.