See しばれる on Wiktionary
{
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"etymology_text": "Northern dialect, used in the Tōhoku and Hokkaidō areas.\nSpeculatively, shibareru might be related to 縛る (shibaru, “to bind, to tie up”, transitive), similar to the way that English freeze includes an intransitive sense of \"to become immobile\". However, no Japanese etymological reference yet consulted includes any such derivation.\nFirst cited definitively to 1929. Circumstantially, mentioned in Denjuro Matsuda's (松田伝十郎) work 北夷談 (Hokuidan, literally “Northern Barbarian Tales”) about Hokkaido and Sakhalin, published in the 1820s, as having been used for 200 years.\nA second derivation connects this with English shivering due to superficial similarities. However, considering the Matsuda work indicating usage since the early 1600s, well before contact with English speakers, this appears to be no more than a folk etymology.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shibareru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれ",
"roman": "shibare",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれた",
"roman": "shibareta",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
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},
{
"form": "ja-ichi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "しばれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "shibare",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "shibareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "shibarere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "shibareyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "shibarero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "shibarerareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "shibaresaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "shibaresasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "shibarerareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "shibarereru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "shibareyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shibarenai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shibarenu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shibaren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shibarezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "shibaremasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "shibareta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "shibarete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "shibarereba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {
"1": "しばれる",
"tr": "intransitive",
"type": "2"
},
"expansion": "しばれる • (shibareru) intransitive ichidan (stem しばれ (shibare), past しばれた (shibareta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
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"glosses": [
"to be freezing, to be extremely cold"
],
"id": "en-しばれる-ja-verb-pXaZlI68",
"links": [
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"freezing",
"freezing"
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[
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"(dialect, Tōhoku, Hokkaidō) to be freezing, to be extremely cold"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "to freeze",
"word": "凍る"
},
{
"english": "to become very cold",
"word": "冷え込む"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin",
"Daijisen#Online_search_engines",
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten",
"Sakhalin"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɕiba̠ɾe̞ɾɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "しばれる"
}
{
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"2": "松田伝十郎"
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{
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"1": "en",
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},
"expansion": "English shivering",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Northern dialect, used in the Tōhoku and Hokkaidō areas.\nSpeculatively, shibareru might be related to 縛る (shibaru, “to bind, to tie up”, transitive), similar to the way that English freeze includes an intransitive sense of \"to become immobile\". However, no Japanese etymological reference yet consulted includes any such derivation.\nFirst cited definitively to 1929. Circumstantially, mentioned in Denjuro Matsuda's (松田伝十郎) work 北夷談 (Hokuidan, literally “Northern Barbarian Tales”) about Hokkaido and Sakhalin, published in the 1820s, as having been used for 200 years.\nA second derivation connects this with English shivering due to superficial similarities. However, considering the Matsuda work indicating usage since the early 1600s, well before contact with English speakers, this appears to be no more than a folk etymology.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shibareru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれ",
"roman": "shibare",
"tags": [
"stem"
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},
{
"form": "しばれた",
"roman": "shibareta",
"tags": [
"past"
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},
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"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
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"table-tags"
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},
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"form": "ja-ichi",
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},
{
"form": "しばれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "shibare",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "shibareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "shibarere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "shibareyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
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},
{
"form": "shibarero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "shibarerareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "shibaresaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "shibaresasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "shibarerareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "shibarereru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "shibareyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shibarenai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shibarenu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shibaren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shibarezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "shibaremasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "shibareta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "shibarete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "しばれれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
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{
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"source": "conjugation",
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"tr": "intransitive",
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"name": "ja-verb"
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"lang_code": "ja",
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"categories": [
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"Japanese verbs",
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"glosses": [
"to be freezing, to be extremely cold"
],
"links": [
[
"freezing",
"freezing"
],
[
"extremely",
"extremely"
],
[
"cold",
"cold"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialect, Tōhoku, Hokkaidō) to be freezing, to be extremely cold"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "to freeze",
"word": "凍る"
},
{
"english": "to become very cold",
"word": "冷え込む"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin",
"Daijisen#Online_search_engines",
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten",
"Sakhalin"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɕiba̠ɾe̞ɾɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "しばれる"
}
Download raw JSONL data for しばれる meaning in All languages combined (5.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (a681f8a and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.