See धूम on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "dhūm-dhām",
"word": "धूम-धाम"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "dhūm-dhaṛakkā",
"word": "धूम-धड़क्का"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "",
"4": "*धुन्मन्",
"t": "noise"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit *धुन्मन् (dhunman, “noise”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "धुनि",
"t": "roaring, sounding"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit धुनि (dhuni, “roaring, sounding”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From an unattested Sanskrit *धुन्मन् (dhunman, “noise”), from Sanskrit धुनि (dhuni, “roaring, sounding”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dhūm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "دھوم",
"tags": [
"Urdu"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hi-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cons-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "धूम",
"roman": "dhūm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूम",
"roman": "dhūm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूम",
"roman": "dhūm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमों",
"roman": "dhūmõ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूम",
"roman": "dhūm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमो",
"roman": "dhūmo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"ur": "دھوم"
},
"expansion": "धूम • (dhūm) m (Urdu spelling دھوم)",
"name": "hi-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "<M>"
},
"name": "hi-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 39 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hindi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to have fun",
"roman": "dhūm macānā",
"text": "धूम मचाना"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fun, blast"
],
"id": "en-धूम-hi-noun-pNOE7gUR",
"links": [
[
"fun",
"fun"
],
[
"blast",
"blast"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"noise, clamor"
],
"id": "en-धूम-hi-noun-BAoIPtIo",
"links": [
[
"noise",
"noise"
],
[
"clamor",
"clamor"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/d̪ʱuːm/",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪ʱũːm]",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːm"
}
],
"word": "धूम"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "धूम"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Sanskrit धूम (dhūma)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "धुआँ"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of धुआँ (dhuā̃)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Sanskrit धूम (dhūma). Doublet of धुआँ (dhuā̃).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dhūm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "دھوم",
"tags": [
"Urdu"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hi-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cons-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "धूम",
"roman": "dhūm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूम",
"roman": "dhūm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूम",
"roman": "dhūm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमों",
"roman": "dhūmõ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूम",
"roman": "dhūm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमो",
"roman": "dhūmo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"ur": "دھوم"
},
"expansion": "धूम • (dhūm) m (Urdu spelling دھوم)",
"name": "hi-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "<M>"
},
"name": "hi-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "dhūmketu",
"word": "धूमकेतु"
},
{
"roman": "dhūmpaṭ",
"word": "धूमपट"
},
{
"roman": "dhūmpot",
"word": "धूमपोत"
}
],
"glosses": [
"smoke"
],
"id": "en-धूम-hi-noun-BNWIy0G4",
"links": [
[
"smoke",
"smoke"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "dhuā̃",
"word": "धुआँ"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/d̪ʱuːm/",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪ʱũːm]",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːm"
}
],
"word": "धूम"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "masculine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pi-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमो",
"roman": "dhūmo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमा",
"roman": "dhūmā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमं",
"roman": "dhūmaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमे",
"roman": "dhūme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमेन",
"roman": "dhūmena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमेहि",
"roman": "dhūmehi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमेभि",
"roman": "dhūmebhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमस्स",
"roman": "dhūmassa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमाय",
"roman": "dhūmāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमत्थं",
"roman": "dhūmatthaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमानं",
"roman": "dhūmānaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमस्मा",
"roman": "dhūmasmā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमम्हा",
"roman": "dhūmamhā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमा",
"roman": "dhūmā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमेहि",
"roman": "dhūmehi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमेभि",
"roman": "dhūmebhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमस्स",
"roman": "dhūmassa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमानं",
"roman": "dhūmānaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमस्मिं",
"roman": "dhūmasmiṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमम्हि",
"roman": "dhūmamhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमे",
"roman": "dhūme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमेसु",
"roman": "dhūmesu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूम",
"roman": "dhūma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमा",
"roman": "dhūmā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "धूम m",
"name": "pi-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "pi-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Pali",
"lang_code": "pi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "smoke",
"word": "dhūma"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Devanagari script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pali entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "15 7 2 64 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 6 2 68 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Devanagari script form of dhūma (“smoke”)"
],
"id": "en-धूम-pi-noun-9XF-lp1a",
"links": [
[
"dhūma",
"dhūma#Pali"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "dhūma"
},
{
"tags": [
"Brahmi",
"character"
],
"word": "𑀥"
},
{
"tags": [
"Brahmi",
"character"
],
"word": "𑀽"
},
{
"tags": [
"Brahmi",
"character"
],
"word": "𑀫"
},
{
"tags": [
"Bengali"
],
"word": "ধ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Bengali"
],
"word": "ূ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Bengali"
],
"word": "ম"
},
{
"tags": [
"Sinhalese",
"character"
],
"word": "ධ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Sinhalese",
"character"
],
"word": "ූ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Sinhalese",
"character"
],
"word": "ම"
},
{
"word": "ဓူမ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Burmese",
"character"
],
"word": "ꩪ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Burmese",
"character"
],
"word": "ူ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Burmese",
"character"
],
"word": "မ"
},
{
"word": "ธูม"
},
{
"tags": [
"Thai",
"character"
],
"word": "ธูมะ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tai-Tham",
"character"
],
"word": "ᨵ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tai-Tham",
"character"
],
"word": "ᩪ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tai-Tham",
"character"
],
"word": "ᨾ"
},
{
"word": "ຘູມ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Lao",
"character"
],
"word": "ຘູມະ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Khmer",
"character"
],
"word": "ធ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Khmer",
"character"
],
"word": "ូ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Khmer",
"character"
],
"word": "ម"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chakma",
"character"
],
"word": "𑄙"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chakma",
"character"
],
"word": "𑄫"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chakma",
"character"
],
"word": "𑄟"
}
],
"tags": [
"Devanagari",
"alt-of",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "धूम"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "dhūma"
},
"expansion": "Pali: dhūma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pali: dhūma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Dardic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dml",
"2": "",
"tr": "dum"
},
"expansion": "Dameli: [script needed] (dum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dameli: [script needed] (dum)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dmk",
"2": "",
"tr": "dūm"
},
"expansion": "Domaaki: [script needed] (dūm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Domaaki: [script needed] (dūm)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gwc",
"2": "",
"tr": "dum"
},
"expansion": "Kalami: [script needed] (dum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kalami: [script needed] (dum)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nli",
"2": "",
"tr": "dum"
},
"expansion": "Grangali: [script needed] (dum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Grangali: [script needed] (dum)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kls",
"2": "thum",
"tr": "thum"
},
"expansion": "Kalasha: thum (thum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kalasha: thum (thum)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "plk",
"2": "",
"tr": "dūm"
},
"expansion": "Kohistani Shina: [script needed] (dūm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kohistani Shina: [script needed] (dūm)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glh",
"2": "",
"tr": "dhūm"
},
"expansion": "Northwest Pashayi: [script needed] (dhūm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northwest Pashayi: [script needed] (dhūm)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scl",
"2": "",
"tr": "dum"
},
"expansion": "Shina: [script needed] (dum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shina: [script needed] (dum)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sts",
"2": "",
"tr": "dūm"
},
"expansion": "Shumashti: [script needed] (dūm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shumashti: [script needed] (dūm)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tra",
"2": "",
"tr": "dhung"
},
"expansion": "Tirahi: [script needed] (dhung)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tirahi: [script needed] (dhung)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wsv",
"2": "",
"tr": "dum"
},
"expansion": "Wotapuri-Katarqalai: [script needed] (dum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Wotapuri-Katarqalai: [script needed] (dum)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ks",
"2": "دٕہ"
},
"expansion": "Kashmiri: دٕہ (dụh)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashmiri: دٕہ (dụh)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra",
"2": "𑀥𑀽𑀫"
},
"expansion": "Prakrit: 𑀥𑀽𑀫 (dhūma)\nCentral Indo-Aryan:\nHindustani: dhūā̃\nHindi: धूआँ\nUrdu: دُھواں\nEastern Indo-Aryan:\nBengali-Assamese:\nAssamese: ধোঁৱা (dhü̃a)\nBengali: ধোঁয়া (dhō̃ẇa)\nSylheti: ꠗꠥꠝꠣ (dúma)\nBihari:\nAngika: dhūā̃\nDevanagari script: धूआँ\nKaithi script: 𑂡𑂴𑂄𑂀\nMagahi: dhūā̃\nDevanagari script: धूआँ\nKaithi script: 𑂡𑂴𑂄𑂀\nMaithili: dhuā̃\nDevanagari script: धुआँ\nTirhuta script: 𑒡𑒳𑒂𑒿\nOdia: ଧୂଆଁ (dhuā̃)\nInsular Indo-Aryan:\nDhivehi: ދުން (dun̊)\nSinhalese: දුම (duma)\nNorthern Indo-Aryan:\nGarhwali: धुवाँ (dhuvā̃)\nKumaoni: धूवाँ\nNepali: धुवाँ (dhuwā̃)\nNorthwestern Indo-Aryan:\nPunjabi: dhū̃ā̃\nGurmukhi script: ਧੂੰਆਂ\nShahmukhi script: دُھواں\nWestern Indo-Aryan:\nGujarati: ધૂમ (dhūm)\nRomani: thuv",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Prakrit: 𑀥𑀽𑀫 (dhūma)\nCentral Indo-Aryan:\nHindustani: dhūā̃\nHindi: धूआँ\nUrdu: دُھواں\nEastern Indo-Aryan:\nBengali-Assamese:\nAssamese: ধোঁৱা (dhü̃a)\nBengali: ধোঁয়া (dhō̃ẇa)\nSylheti: ꠗꠥꠝꠣ (dúma)\nBihari:\nAngika: dhūā̃\nDevanagari script: धूआँ\nKaithi script: 𑂡𑂴𑂄𑂀\nMagahi: dhūā̃\nDevanagari script: धूआँ\nKaithi script: 𑂡𑂴𑂄𑂀\nMaithili: dhuā̃\nDevanagari script: धुआँ\nTirhuta script: 𑒡𑒳𑒂𑒿\nOdia: ଧୂଆଁ (dhuā̃)\nInsular Indo-Aryan:\nDhivehi: ދުން (dun̊)\nSinhalese: දුම (duma)\nNorthern Indo-Aryan:\nGarhwali: धुवाँ (dhuvā̃)\nKumaoni: धूवाँ\nNepali: धुवाँ (dhuwā̃)\nNorthwestern Indo-Aryan:\nPunjabi: dhū̃ā̃\nGurmukhi script: ਧੂੰਆਂ\nShahmukhi script: دُھواں\nWestern Indo-Aryan:\nGujarati: ધૂમ (dhūm)\nRomani: thuv"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "inc-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "inh",
"3": "iir-pro>*dʰuHmás>smoke",
"id": "smoke",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-mós\nProto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós\nProto-Indo-Iranian *dʰuHmás\nSanskrit धूम (dhūma)",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "inc-pro",
"3": "*dʰuHmás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan *dʰuHmás",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*dʰuHmás",
"t": "smoke"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰuHmás (“smoke”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰuh₂mós",
"t": "smoke"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós (“smoke”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "θυμός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek θυμός (thumós)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fūmus"
},
"expansion": "Latin fūmus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "дꙑмъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic дꙑмъ (dymŭ)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-mós\nProto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós\nProto-Indo-Iranian *dʰuHmás\nSanskrit धूम (dhūma)\nFrom Proto-Indo-Aryan *dʰuHmás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰuHmás (“smoke”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós (“smoke”). Cognate with Ancient Greek θυμός (thumós), Latin fūmus, Old Church Slavonic дꙑмъ (dymŭ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dhūmá",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमः",
"roman": "dhūmáḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमौ",
"roman": "dhūmaú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमा1",
"roman": "dhūmā́1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमाः",
"roman": "dhūmā́ḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमासः1",
"roman": "dhūmā́saḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूम",
"roman": "dhū́ma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमौ",
"roman": "dhū́mau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमा1",
"roman": "dhū́mā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमाः",
"roman": "dhū́māḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमासः1",
"roman": "dhū́māsaḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमम्",
"roman": "dhūmám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमौ",
"roman": "dhūmaú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमा1",
"roman": "dhūmā́1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमान्",
"roman": "dhūmā́n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमेन",
"roman": "dhūména",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमाभ्याम्",
"roman": "dhūmā́bhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमैः",
"roman": "dhūmaíḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमेभिः1",
"roman": "dhūmébhiḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमाय",
"roman": "dhūmā́ya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमाभ्याम्",
"roman": "dhūmā́bhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमेभ्यः",
"roman": "dhūmébhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमात्",
"roman": "dhūmā́t",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमाभ्याम्",
"roman": "dhūmā́bhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमेभ्यः",
"roman": "dhūmébhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमस्य",
"roman": "dhūmásya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमयोः",
"roman": "dhūmáyoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमानाम्",
"roman": "dhūmā́nām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमे",
"roman": "dhūmé",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमयोः",
"roman": "dhūmáyoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमेषु",
"roman": "dhūméṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"tr": "dhūmá"
},
"expansion": "धूम • (dhūmá) stem, m",
"name": "sa-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dhūmá"
},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "64 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [
"Entries with etymology trees",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "70 30",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Grains",
"orig": "sa:Grains",
"parents": [
"Foods",
"Grasses",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Commelinids",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Plants",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Lifeforms",
"Life",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I saw from far away the smoke of fuel with spires that rose on high over that beneath it.\nThe Mighty Men have dressed the spotted bullock. These were the customs in the days aforetime",
"ref": "c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.164.43",
"roman": "ukṣā́ṇaṃ pṛ́śnimapacanta vīrā́stā́ni dhármāṇi prathamā́nyāsan.",
"text": "श॒क॒मयं॑ धू॒मम्आ॒राद॑पश्यं विषू॒वता॑ प॒र ए॒नाव॑रेण।\nउ॒क्षाणं॒ पृश्नि॑मपचन्त वी॒रास्तानि॒ धर्मा॑णि प्रथ॒मान्या॑सन्॥\nśakamáyaṃ dhūmámārā́dapaśyaṃ viṣūvátā pará enā́vareṇa."
},
{
"english": "The sight of Panchavati rekindles now the fire of sorrow that had long been dormant in my heart but first, like a dense pall of smoke, a delirium envelops me.",
"ref": "600 CE, Uttararāmacarita (Rama's Last Act), Prelude to act III",
"roman": "utpīḍa iva dhūmasya mohaḥ prāgāvṛnoti mām.",
"text": "अनेन पञ्चवटी दर्शनेन अन्तर्लीनस्य दुःखाग्नेर् अद्योद्दामं ज्वलिष्यतः।\nउत्पीड इव धूमस्य मोहः प्रागावृनोति माम्॥\nanena pañcavaṭī darśanena antarlīnasya duḥkhāgner adyoddāmaṃ jvaliṣyataḥ."
}
],
"glosses": [
"smoke, vapor, mist"
],
"id": "en-धूम-sa-noun-N~ao0NXj",
"links": [
[
"smoke",
"smoke"
],
[
"vapor",
"vapor"
],
[
"mist",
"mist"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"smoke as a sternutatory (in 5 forms): a place prepared for the building of a house (Jyot.)"
],
"id": "en-धूम-sa-noun-EPh7nRmy"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʱuː.mɐ́/",
"tags": [
"Vedic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈd̪ʱuː.mɐ/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Sanskrit"
]
}
],
"word": "धूम"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hindi doublets",
"Hindi entries with incorrect language header",
"Hindi lemmas",
"Hindi masculine consonant-stem nouns",
"Hindi masculine nouns",
"Hindi nouns",
"Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit",
"Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Hindi/uːm",
"Rhymes:Hindi/uːm/1 syllable",
"sa:Grains"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "dhūm-dhām",
"word": "धूम-धाम"
},
{
"roman": "dhūm-dhaṛakkā",
"word": "धूम-धड़क्का"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "",
"4": "*धुन्मन्",
"t": "noise"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit *धुन्मन् (dhunman, “noise”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "धुनि",
"t": "roaring, sounding"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit धुनि (dhuni, “roaring, sounding”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From an unattested Sanskrit *धुन्मन् (dhunman, “noise”), from Sanskrit धुनि (dhuni, “roaring, sounding”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dhūm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "دھوم",
"tags": [
"Urdu"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hi-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cons-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "धूम",
"roman": "dhūm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूम",
"roman": "dhūm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूम",
"roman": "dhūm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमों",
"roman": "dhūmõ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूम",
"roman": "dhūm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमो",
"roman": "dhūmo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"ur": "دھوم"
},
"expansion": "धूम • (dhūm) m (Urdu spelling دھوم)",
"name": "hi-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "<M>"
},
"name": "hi-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Hindi terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to have fun",
"roman": "dhūm macānā",
"text": "धूम मचाना"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fun, blast"
],
"links": [
[
"fun",
"fun"
],
[
"blast",
"blast"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"noise, clamor"
],
"links": [
[
"noise",
"noise"
],
[
"clamor",
"clamor"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/d̪ʱuːm/",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪ʱũːm]",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːm"
}
],
"word": "धूम"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hindi doublets",
"Hindi entries with incorrect language header",
"Hindi lemmas",
"Hindi masculine consonant-stem nouns",
"Hindi masculine nouns",
"Hindi nouns",
"Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit",
"Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Hindi/uːm",
"Rhymes:Hindi/uːm/1 syllable",
"sa:Grains"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "dhūmketu",
"word": "धूमकेतु"
},
{
"roman": "dhūmpaṭ",
"word": "धूमपट"
},
{
"roman": "dhūmpot",
"word": "धूमपोत"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "धूम"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Sanskrit धूम (dhūma)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "धुआँ"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of धुआँ (dhuā̃)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Sanskrit धूम (dhūma). Doublet of धुआँ (dhuā̃).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dhūm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "دھوم",
"tags": [
"Urdu"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hi-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cons-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "धूम",
"roman": "dhūm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूम",
"roman": "dhūm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूम",
"roman": "dhūm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमों",
"roman": "dhūmõ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूम",
"roman": "dhūm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमो",
"roman": "dhūmo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"ur": "دھوم"
},
"expansion": "धूम • (dhūm) m (Urdu spelling دھوم)",
"name": "hi-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "<M>"
},
"name": "hi-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"smoke"
],
"links": [
[
"smoke",
"smoke"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/d̪ʱuːm/",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪ʱũːm]",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːm"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "dhuā̃",
"word": "धुआँ"
}
],
"word": "धूम"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sa:Grains"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "masculine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pi-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमो",
"roman": "dhūmo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमा",
"roman": "dhūmā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमं",
"roman": "dhūmaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमे",
"roman": "dhūme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमेन",
"roman": "dhūmena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमेहि",
"roman": "dhūmehi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमेभि",
"roman": "dhūmebhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमस्स",
"roman": "dhūmassa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमाय",
"roman": "dhūmāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमत्थं",
"roman": "dhūmatthaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमानं",
"roman": "dhūmānaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमस्मा",
"roman": "dhūmasmā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमम्हा",
"roman": "dhūmamhā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमा",
"roman": "dhūmā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमेहि",
"roman": "dhūmehi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमेभि",
"roman": "dhūmebhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमस्स",
"roman": "dhūmassa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमानं",
"roman": "dhūmānaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमस्मिं",
"roman": "dhūmasmiṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमम्हि",
"roman": "dhūmamhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमे",
"roman": "dhūme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमेसु",
"roman": "dhūmesu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूम",
"roman": "dhūma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमा",
"roman": "dhūmā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "धूम m",
"name": "pi-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "pi-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Pali",
"lang_code": "pi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "smoke",
"word": "dhūma"
}
],
"categories": [
"Devanagari script",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pali entries with incorrect language header",
"Pali lemmas",
"Pali masculine nouns",
"Pali nouns",
"Pali nouns in Devanagari script"
],
"glosses": [
"Devanagari script form of dhūma (“smoke”)"
],
"links": [
[
"dhūma",
"dhūma#Pali"
]
],
"tags": [
"Devanagari",
"alt-of",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "dhūma"
},
{
"tags": [
"Brahmi",
"character"
],
"word": "𑀥"
},
{
"tags": [
"Brahmi",
"character"
],
"word": "𑀽"
},
{
"tags": [
"Brahmi",
"character"
],
"word": "𑀫"
},
{
"tags": [
"Bengali"
],
"word": "ধ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Bengali"
],
"word": "ূ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Bengali"
],
"word": "ম"
},
{
"tags": [
"Sinhalese",
"character"
],
"word": "ධ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Sinhalese",
"character"
],
"word": "ූ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Sinhalese",
"character"
],
"word": "ම"
},
{
"word": "ဓူမ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Burmese",
"character"
],
"word": "ꩪ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Burmese",
"character"
],
"word": "ူ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Burmese",
"character"
],
"word": "မ"
},
{
"word": "ธูม"
},
{
"tags": [
"Thai",
"character"
],
"word": "ธูมะ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tai-Tham",
"character"
],
"word": "ᨵ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tai-Tham",
"character"
],
"word": "ᩪ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tai-Tham",
"character"
],
"word": "ᨾ"
},
{
"word": "ຘູມ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Lao",
"character"
],
"word": "ຘູມະ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Khmer",
"character"
],
"word": "ធ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Khmer",
"character"
],
"word": "ូ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Khmer",
"character"
],
"word": "ម"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chakma",
"character"
],
"word": "𑄙"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chakma",
"character"
],
"word": "𑄫"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chakma",
"character"
],
"word": "𑄟"
}
],
"word": "धूम"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sanskrit a-stem nouns",
"Sanskrit entries with etymology trees",
"Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
"Sanskrit lemmas",
"Sanskrit masculine nouns",
"Sanskrit nouns",
"Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Sanskrit terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewh₂-",
"Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"sa:Grains"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "dhūma"
},
"expansion": "Pali: dhūma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pali: dhūma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Dardic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dml",
"2": "",
"tr": "dum"
},
"expansion": "Dameli: [script needed] (dum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dameli: [script needed] (dum)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dmk",
"2": "",
"tr": "dūm"
},
"expansion": "Domaaki: [script needed] (dūm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Domaaki: [script needed] (dūm)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gwc",
"2": "",
"tr": "dum"
},
"expansion": "Kalami: [script needed] (dum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kalami: [script needed] (dum)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nli",
"2": "",
"tr": "dum"
},
"expansion": "Grangali: [script needed] (dum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Grangali: [script needed] (dum)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kls",
"2": "thum",
"tr": "thum"
},
"expansion": "Kalasha: thum (thum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kalasha: thum (thum)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "plk",
"2": "",
"tr": "dūm"
},
"expansion": "Kohistani Shina: [script needed] (dūm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kohistani Shina: [script needed] (dūm)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glh",
"2": "",
"tr": "dhūm"
},
"expansion": "Northwest Pashayi: [script needed] (dhūm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northwest Pashayi: [script needed] (dhūm)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scl",
"2": "",
"tr": "dum"
},
"expansion": "Shina: [script needed] (dum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shina: [script needed] (dum)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sts",
"2": "",
"tr": "dūm"
},
"expansion": "Shumashti: [script needed] (dūm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shumashti: [script needed] (dūm)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tra",
"2": "",
"tr": "dhung"
},
"expansion": "Tirahi: [script needed] (dhung)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tirahi: [script needed] (dhung)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wsv",
"2": "",
"tr": "dum"
},
"expansion": "Wotapuri-Katarqalai: [script needed] (dum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Wotapuri-Katarqalai: [script needed] (dum)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ks",
"2": "دٕہ"
},
"expansion": "Kashmiri: دٕہ (dụh)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashmiri: دٕہ (dụh)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra",
"2": "𑀥𑀽𑀫"
},
"expansion": "Prakrit: 𑀥𑀽𑀫 (dhūma)\nCentral Indo-Aryan:\nHindustani: dhūā̃\nHindi: धूआँ\nUrdu: دُھواں\nEastern Indo-Aryan:\nBengali-Assamese:\nAssamese: ধোঁৱা (dhü̃a)\nBengali: ধোঁয়া (dhō̃ẇa)\nSylheti: ꠗꠥꠝꠣ (dúma)\nBihari:\nAngika: dhūā̃\nDevanagari script: धूआँ\nKaithi script: 𑂡𑂴𑂄𑂀\nMagahi: dhūā̃\nDevanagari script: धूआँ\nKaithi script: 𑂡𑂴𑂄𑂀\nMaithili: dhuā̃\nDevanagari script: धुआँ\nTirhuta script: 𑒡𑒳𑒂𑒿\nOdia: ଧୂଆଁ (dhuā̃)\nInsular Indo-Aryan:\nDhivehi: ދުން (dun̊)\nSinhalese: දුම (duma)\nNorthern Indo-Aryan:\nGarhwali: धुवाँ (dhuvā̃)\nKumaoni: धूवाँ\nNepali: धुवाँ (dhuwā̃)\nNorthwestern Indo-Aryan:\nPunjabi: dhū̃ā̃\nGurmukhi script: ਧੂੰਆਂ\nShahmukhi script: دُھواں\nWestern Indo-Aryan:\nGujarati: ધૂમ (dhūm)\nRomani: thuv",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Prakrit: 𑀥𑀽𑀫 (dhūma)\nCentral Indo-Aryan:\nHindustani: dhūā̃\nHindi: धूआँ\nUrdu: دُھواں\nEastern Indo-Aryan:\nBengali-Assamese:\nAssamese: ধোঁৱা (dhü̃a)\nBengali: ধোঁয়া (dhō̃ẇa)\nSylheti: ꠗꠥꠝꠣ (dúma)\nBihari:\nAngika: dhūā̃\nDevanagari script: धूआँ\nKaithi script: 𑂡𑂴𑂄𑂀\nMagahi: dhūā̃\nDevanagari script: धूआँ\nKaithi script: 𑂡𑂴𑂄𑂀\nMaithili: dhuā̃\nDevanagari script: धुआँ\nTirhuta script: 𑒡𑒳𑒂𑒿\nOdia: ଧୂଆଁ (dhuā̃)\nInsular Indo-Aryan:\nDhivehi: ދުން (dun̊)\nSinhalese: දුම (duma)\nNorthern Indo-Aryan:\nGarhwali: धुवाँ (dhuvā̃)\nKumaoni: धूवाँ\nNepali: धुवाँ (dhuwā̃)\nNorthwestern Indo-Aryan:\nPunjabi: dhū̃ā̃\nGurmukhi script: ਧੂੰਆਂ\nShahmukhi script: دُھواں\nWestern Indo-Aryan:\nGujarati: ધૂમ (dhūm)\nRomani: thuv"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "inc-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "inh",
"3": "iir-pro>*dʰuHmás>smoke",
"id": "smoke",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-mós\nProto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós\nProto-Indo-Iranian *dʰuHmás\nSanskrit धूम (dhūma)",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "inc-pro",
"3": "*dʰuHmás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan *dʰuHmás",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*dʰuHmás",
"t": "smoke"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰuHmás (“smoke”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰuh₂mós",
"t": "smoke"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós (“smoke”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "θυμός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek θυμός (thumós)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fūmus"
},
"expansion": "Latin fūmus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "дꙑмъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic дꙑмъ (dymŭ)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-mós\nProto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós\nProto-Indo-Iranian *dʰuHmás\nSanskrit धूम (dhūma)\nFrom Proto-Indo-Aryan *dʰuHmás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰuHmás (“smoke”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós (“smoke”). Cognate with Ancient Greek θυμός (thumós), Latin fūmus, Old Church Slavonic дꙑмъ (dymŭ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dhūmá",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमः",
"roman": "dhūmáḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमौ",
"roman": "dhūmaú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमा1",
"roman": "dhūmā́1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमाः",
"roman": "dhūmā́ḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमासः1",
"roman": "dhūmā́saḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूम",
"roman": "dhū́ma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमौ",
"roman": "dhū́mau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमा1",
"roman": "dhū́mā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमाः",
"roman": "dhū́māḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमासः1",
"roman": "dhū́māsaḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमम्",
"roman": "dhūmám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमौ",
"roman": "dhūmaú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमा1",
"roman": "dhūmā́1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमान्",
"roman": "dhūmā́n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमेन",
"roman": "dhūména",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमाभ्याम्",
"roman": "dhūmā́bhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमैः",
"roman": "dhūmaíḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमेभिः1",
"roman": "dhūmébhiḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमाय",
"roman": "dhūmā́ya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमाभ्याम्",
"roman": "dhūmā́bhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमेभ्यः",
"roman": "dhūmébhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमात्",
"roman": "dhūmā́t",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमाभ्याम्",
"roman": "dhūmā́bhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमेभ्यः",
"roman": "dhūmébhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमस्य",
"roman": "dhūmásya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमयोः",
"roman": "dhūmáyoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमानाम्",
"roman": "dhūmā́nām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमे",
"roman": "dhūmé",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमयोः",
"roman": "dhūmáyoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "धूमेषु",
"roman": "dhūméṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"tr": "dhūmá"
},
"expansion": "धूम • (dhūmá) stem, m",
"name": "sa-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dhūmá"
},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Sanskrit terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I saw from far away the smoke of fuel with spires that rose on high over that beneath it.\nThe Mighty Men have dressed the spotted bullock. These were the customs in the days aforetime",
"ref": "c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.164.43",
"roman": "ukṣā́ṇaṃ pṛ́śnimapacanta vīrā́stā́ni dhármāṇi prathamā́nyāsan.",
"text": "श॒क॒मयं॑ धू॒मम्आ॒राद॑पश्यं विषू॒वता॑ प॒र ए॒नाव॑रेण।\nउ॒क्षाणं॒ पृश्नि॑मपचन्त वी॒रास्तानि॒ धर्मा॑णि प्रथ॒मान्या॑सन्॥\nśakamáyaṃ dhūmámārā́dapaśyaṃ viṣūvátā pará enā́vareṇa."
},
{
"english": "The sight of Panchavati rekindles now the fire of sorrow that had long been dormant in my heart but first, like a dense pall of smoke, a delirium envelops me.",
"ref": "600 CE, Uttararāmacarita (Rama's Last Act), Prelude to act III",
"roman": "utpīḍa iva dhūmasya mohaḥ prāgāvṛnoti mām.",
"text": "अनेन पञ्चवटी दर्शनेन अन्तर्लीनस्य दुःखाग्नेर् अद्योद्दामं ज्वलिष्यतः।\nउत्पीड इव धूमस्य मोहः प्रागावृनोति माम्॥\nanena pañcavaṭī darśanena antarlīnasya duḥkhāgner adyoddāmaṃ jvaliṣyataḥ."
}
],
"glosses": [
"smoke, vapor, mist"
],
"links": [
[
"smoke",
"smoke"
],
[
"vapor",
"vapor"
],
[
"mist",
"mist"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"smoke as a sternutatory (in 5 forms): a place prepared for the building of a house (Jyot.)"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʱuː.mɐ́/",
"tags": [
"Vedic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈd̪ʱuː.mɐ/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Sanskrit"
]
}
],
"word": "धूम"
}
Download raw JSONL data for धूम meaning in All languages combined (22.0kB)
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"section": "Pali",
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"title": "धूम",
"trace": ""
}
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"title": "धूम",
"trace": ""
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"subsection": "noun",
"title": "धूम",
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"धूम"
],
"section": "Sanskrit",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "धूम",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.