See कड़वा on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kaṛvāhaṭ",
"word": "कड़वाहट"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kaṛvāpan",
"word": "कड़वापन"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "inc-ohi",
"3": "करवा",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Hindi करवा (karavā)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "inc-ohi",
"3": "करवा"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Hindi करवा (karavā)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra",
"3": "𑀓𑀟𑀼𑀅"
},
"expansion": "Prakrit 𑀓𑀟𑀼𑀅 (kaḍua)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "ka"
},
"expansion": "+ Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-)",
"name": "inc-ext"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "कटुक",
"4": "",
"5": "pungent, bitter",
"tr": "káṭuka"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit कटुक (káṭuka, “pungent, bitter”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "કડવું"
},
"expansion": "Gujarati કડવું (kaḍvũ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mr",
"2": "कडू"
},
"expansion": "Marathi कडू (kaḍū)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Hindi करवा (karavā), from Prakrit 𑀓𑀟𑀼𑀅 (kaḍua) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-), from Sanskrit कटुक (káṭuka, “pungent, bitter”). Cognate to Gujarati કડવું (kaḍvũ), Marathi कडू (kaḍū).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kaṛvā",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "کَڑْوَا",
"tags": [
"Urdu"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hi-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ā-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "कड़वा",
"roman": "kaṛvā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कड़वे",
"roman": "kaṛve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कड़वी",
"roman": "kaṛvī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कड़वी",
"roman": "kaṛvī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कड़वे",
"roman": "kaṛve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कड़वे",
"roman": "kaṛve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कड़वी",
"roman": "kaṛvī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कड़वी",
"roman": "kaṛvī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कड़वे",
"roman": "kaṛve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कड़वे",
"roman": "kaṛve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कड़वी",
"roman": "kaṛvī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कड़वी",
"roman": "kaṛvī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ur": "کَڑْوَا"
},
"expansion": "कड़वा • (kaṛvā) (Urdu spelling کَڑْوَا)",
"name": "hi-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "hi-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "mīṭhā",
"word": "मीठा"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "khaṭṭā",
"word": "खट्टा"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "namkīn",
"word": "नमकीन"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tīkhā",
"word": "तीखा"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 42 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hindi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 41 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hindi terms extended with Indo-Aryan -𑀓-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 19 27",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "hi",
"name": "Taste",
"orig": "hi:Taste",
"parents": [
"Drinking",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Senses",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Perception",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bitter, pungent"
],
"id": "en-कड़वा-hi-adj-uqXaNwhz",
"links": [
[
"bitter",
"bitter"
],
[
"pungent",
"pungent"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 42 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hindi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 41 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hindi terms extended with Indo-Aryan -𑀓-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "harsh words",
"roman": "kaṛve vacan",
"text": "कड़वे वचन",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"harsh, sharp, biting"
],
"id": "en-कड़वा-hi-adj-BxlQsPMZ",
"links": [
[
"harsh",
"harsh"
],
[
"sharp",
"sharp"
],
[
"biting",
"biting"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəɽ.ʋɑː/",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kɐɽ.ʋäː]",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
}
],
"word": "कड़वा"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "inc-ohi",
"3": "करवा",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Hindi करवा (karavā)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "inc-ohi",
"3": "करवा"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Hindi करवा (karavā)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra",
"3": "𑀓𑀟𑀼𑀅"
},
"expansion": "Prakrit 𑀓𑀟𑀼𑀅 (kaḍua)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "ka"
},
"expansion": "+ Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-)",
"name": "inc-ext"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "कटुक",
"4": "",
"5": "pungent, bitter",
"tr": "káṭuka"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit कटुक (káṭuka, “pungent, bitter”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "કડવું"
},
"expansion": "Gujarati કડવું (kaḍvũ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mr",
"2": "कडू"
},
"expansion": "Marathi कडू (kaḍū)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Hindi करवा (karavā), from Prakrit 𑀓𑀟𑀼𑀅 (kaḍua) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-), from Sanskrit कटुक (káṭuka, “pungent, bitter”). Cognate to Gujarati કડવું (kaḍvũ), Marathi कडू (kaḍū).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kaṛvā",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "कड़वा • (kaṛvā) m",
"name": "hi-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "hi",
"name": "Places in Bihar",
"orig": "hi:Places in Bihar",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "hi",
"name": "Places in India",
"orig": "hi:Places in India",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "hi",
"name": "Villages in Bihar",
"orig": "hi:Villages in Bihar",
"parents": [
"Villages",
"Places",
"Polities",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "hi",
"name": "Villages in India",
"orig": "hi:Villages in India",
"parents": [
"Villages",
"Places",
"Polities",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 42 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hindi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 41 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hindi terms extended with Indo-Aryan -𑀓-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 34 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 21 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Kadwa (a village in Bihar, India)"
],
"id": "en-कड़वा-hi-name-972uhcEE",
"links": [
[
"Kadwa",
"Kadwa#English"
],
[
"Bihar",
"Bihar#English"
],
[
"India",
"India#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəɽ.ʋɑː/",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kɐɽ.ʋäː]",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"hi:कड़वा"
],
"word": "कड़वा"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hindi adjectives",
"Hindi entries with incorrect language header",
"Hindi lemmas",
"Hindi masculine nouns",
"Hindi proper nouns",
"Hindi terms derived from Old Hindi",
"Hindi terms derived from Prakrit",
"Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Hindi terms extended with Indo-Aryan -𑀓-",
"Hindi terms inherited from Old Hindi",
"Hindi terms inherited from Prakrit",
"Hindi terms inherited from Sanskrit",
"Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Hindi ā-stem adjectives",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"hi:Taste"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kaṛvāhaṭ",
"word": "कड़वाहट"
},
{
"roman": "kaṛvāpan",
"word": "कड़वापन"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "inc-ohi",
"3": "करवा",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Hindi करवा (karavā)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "inc-ohi",
"3": "करवा"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Hindi करवा (karavā)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra",
"3": "𑀓𑀟𑀼𑀅"
},
"expansion": "Prakrit 𑀓𑀟𑀼𑀅 (kaḍua)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "ka"
},
"expansion": "+ Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-)",
"name": "inc-ext"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "कटुक",
"4": "",
"5": "pungent, bitter",
"tr": "káṭuka"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit कटुक (káṭuka, “pungent, bitter”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "કડવું"
},
"expansion": "Gujarati કડવું (kaḍvũ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mr",
"2": "कडू"
},
"expansion": "Marathi कडू (kaḍū)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Hindi करवा (karavā), from Prakrit 𑀓𑀟𑀼𑀅 (kaḍua) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-), from Sanskrit कटुक (káṭuka, “pungent, bitter”). Cognate to Gujarati કડવું (kaḍvũ), Marathi कडू (kaḍū).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kaṛvā",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "کَڑْوَا",
"tags": [
"Urdu"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hi-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ā-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "कड़वा",
"roman": "kaṛvā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कड़वे",
"roman": "kaṛve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कड़वी",
"roman": "kaṛvī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कड़वी",
"roman": "kaṛvī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कड़वे",
"roman": "kaṛve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कड़वे",
"roman": "kaṛve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कड़वी",
"roman": "kaṛvī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कड़वी",
"roman": "kaṛvī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कड़वे",
"roman": "kaṛve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कड़वे",
"roman": "kaṛve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कड़वी",
"roman": "kaṛvī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कड़वी",
"roman": "kaṛvī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ur": "کَڑْوَا"
},
"expansion": "कड़वा • (kaṛvā) (Urdu spelling کَڑْوَا)",
"name": "hi-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "hi-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"roman": "mīṭhā",
"word": "मीठा"
},
{
"roman": "khaṭṭā",
"word": "खट्टा"
},
{
"roman": "namkīn",
"word": "नमकीन"
},
{
"roman": "tīkhā",
"word": "तीखा"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bitter, pungent"
],
"links": [
[
"bitter",
"bitter"
],
[
"pungent",
"pungent"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Hindi terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "harsh words",
"roman": "kaṛve vacan",
"text": "कड़वे वचन",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"harsh, sharp, biting"
],
"links": [
[
"harsh",
"harsh"
],
[
"sharp",
"sharp"
],
[
"biting",
"biting"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəɽ.ʋɑː/",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kɐɽ.ʋäː]",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
}
],
"word": "कड़वा"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hindi adjectives",
"Hindi entries with incorrect language header",
"Hindi lemmas",
"Hindi masculine nouns",
"Hindi proper nouns",
"Hindi terms derived from Old Hindi",
"Hindi terms derived from Prakrit",
"Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Hindi terms extended with Indo-Aryan -𑀓-",
"Hindi terms inherited from Old Hindi",
"Hindi terms inherited from Prakrit",
"Hindi terms inherited from Sanskrit",
"Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Hindi ā-stem adjectives",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"hi:Taste"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "inc-ohi",
"3": "करवा",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Hindi करवा (karavā)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "inc-ohi",
"3": "करवा"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Hindi करवा (karavā)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra",
"3": "𑀓𑀟𑀼𑀅"
},
"expansion": "Prakrit 𑀓𑀟𑀼𑀅 (kaḍua)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "ka"
},
"expansion": "+ Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-)",
"name": "inc-ext"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "कटुक",
"4": "",
"5": "pungent, bitter",
"tr": "káṭuka"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit कटुक (káṭuka, “pungent, bitter”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "કડવું"
},
"expansion": "Gujarati કડવું (kaḍvũ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mr",
"2": "कडू"
},
"expansion": "Marathi कडू (kaḍū)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Hindi करवा (karavā), from Prakrit 𑀓𑀟𑀼𑀅 (kaḍua) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-), from Sanskrit कटुक (káṭuka, “pungent, bitter”). Cognate to Gujarati કડવું (kaḍvũ), Marathi कडू (kaḍū).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kaṛvā",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "कड़वा • (kaṛvā) m",
"name": "hi-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"hi:Places in Bihar",
"hi:Places in India",
"hi:Villages in Bihar",
"hi:Villages in India"
],
"glosses": [
"Kadwa (a village in Bihar, India)"
],
"links": [
[
"Kadwa",
"Kadwa#English"
],
[
"Bihar",
"Bihar#English"
],
[
"India",
"India#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəɽ.ʋɑː/",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kɐɽ.ʋäː]",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"hi:कड़वा"
],
"word": "कड़वा"
}
Download raw JSONL data for कड़वा meaning in All languages combined (7.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.