See گرگ on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰrebh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to grab, seize"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebh₂- (“to grab, seize”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "گرفتن",
"tr": "gereftan"
},
"expansion": "Persian گرفتن (gereftan)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "گرتن"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish گرتن (girtin)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "गृह्णाति",
"3": "",
"4": "he seizes"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit गृह्णाति (gṛhṇāti, “he seizes”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebh₂- (“to grab, seize”). Cognates include Persian گرفتن (gereftan), Central Kurdish گرتن (girtin), Sanskrit गृह्णाति (gṛhṇāti, “he seizes”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "girag",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "verb",
"tr": "girag"
},
"expansion": "گرگ • (girag)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Baluchi",
"lang_code": "bal",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to grab"
],
"id": "en-گرگ-bal-verb-8BRm0szY",
"links": [
[
"grab",
"grab"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to grip"
],
"id": "en-گرگ-bal-verb-w-MOnV5e",
"links": [
[
"grip",
"grip"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to take"
],
"id": "en-گرگ-bal-verb-TuaAS407",
"links": [
[
"take",
"take"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to get"
],
"id": "en-گرگ-bal-verb-bfztadeD",
"links": [
[
"get",
"get"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to catch"
],
"id": "en-گرگ-bal-verb-~neHFCn2",
"links": [
[
"catch",
"catch"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to hold"
],
"id": "en-گرگ-bal-verb-wddo9PTy",
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 11 11 11 11 11 22 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Baluchi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 9 9 9 9 9 22 9 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 9 9 9 9 9 22 9 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to seize"
],
"id": "en-گرگ-bal-verb-XcpLy8rD",
"links": [
[
"seize",
"seize"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to receive"
],
"id": "en-گرگ-bal-verb-sErEBH0Y",
"links": [
[
"receive",
"receive"
]
]
}
],
"word": "گرگ"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "twilight",
"roman": "gorg-o-miš",
"word": "گرگومیش"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "wolfish, fierce, savage",
"roman": "gorg-xuy",
"word": "گرگخوی"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "wolflike, lupine",
"roman": "gorgin",
"word": "گرگین"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "werewolf",
"roman": "gorgine",
"word": "گرگینه"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "a highly seasoned person",
"roman": "gorg-e bâlân-dide",
"word": "گرگِ بالاندیده"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "steppe wolf",
"roman": "gorg-e biâbân",
"word": "گرگِ بیابان"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "slap",
"roman": "kaf-gorgi",
"word": "کفگرگی"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "Tasmanian wolf",
"roman": "gorg-e tâsmâni",
"word": "گرگِ تاسمانی"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "𐭢𐭥𐭫𐭢",
"gloss": "wolf",
"ts": "gurg"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭢𐭥𐭫𐭢 (gʿlg /gurg/, “wolf”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"3": "𐎺𐎼𐎣",
"ts": "varka-"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian 𐎺𐎼𐎣 (v-r-k /varka-/)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*wŕ̥kah"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *wŕ̥kah",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬬𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬀 (vəhrka)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"tr": "wyrk-",
"ts": "wərk"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian [script needed] (wyrk- /wərk/)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "گرک",
"tr": "gurk"
},
"expansion": "Baluchi گرک (gurk)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mzn",
"2": "ورگ",
"tr": "verg"
},
"expansion": "Mazanderani ورگ (verg)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "gur"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish gur",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*wŕ̥kas",
"gloss": "wolf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *wŕ̥kas (“wolf”)",
"name": "inherited"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वृक",
"tr": "vṛ́ka"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit वृक (vṛ́ka)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wĺ̥kʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos",
"name": "inherited"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wolf"
},
"expansion": "English wolf",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian 𐭢𐭥𐭫𐭢 (gʿlg /gurg/, “wolf”), from Old Persian 𐎺𐎼𐎣 (v-r-k /varka-/), from Proto-Iranian *wŕ̥kah (compare Avestan 𐬬𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬀 (vəhrka), Sogdian [script needed] (wyrk- /wərk/), Baluchi گرک (gurk), Mazanderani ورگ (verg), Northern Kurdish gur, gurg, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wŕ̥kas (“wolf”) (compare Sanskrit वृक (vṛ́ka)), from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (compare English wolf).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gorg",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "گرگها",
"roman": "gorg-hâ",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "گرگان",
"roman": "gorgân",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "گرگها",
"5": "or",
"6": "گرگان",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "gorg-hâ",
"f2tr": "gorgân",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "gorg",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "گرگ • (gorg) (plural گرگها (gorg-hâ) or گرگان (gorgân))",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "گرگها",
"pl2": "گرگان",
"tr": "gorg"
},
"expansion": "گرگ • (gorg) (plural گرگها (gorg-hâ) or گرگان (gorgân))",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "gorgân",
"word": "گرگان"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "gorjestân",
"word": "گرجستان"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "65 35",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "fa",
"name": "Canids",
"orig": "fa:Canids",
"parents": [
"Carnivores",
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Whence didst thou learn this, O eminent one?” “O King of the world,” he replied, “from the fate of the wolf.”",
"ref": "c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3109:",
"roman": "az kujâ âmôxti ên ay buzurg / guft ay šâh-i-jahân az hâl-i-gurg",
"text": "از کجا آموختی این ای بزرگ / گفت ای شاه جهان از حال گرگ",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a wolf"
],
"id": "en-گرگ-fa-noun-FNxNw2i2",
"links": [
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 7 7 7 7 7 11 7 5 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Automatic Inscriptional Pahlavi transliterations containing ambiguous characters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 90",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "There are lots of predators out there!",
"roman": "un birun por-e gorg-e!",
"text": "اون بیرون پر گرگه!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a social or sexual predator"
],
"id": "en-گرگ-fa-noun-mNQU~c-l",
"links": [
[
"social",
"social"
],
[
"sexual predator",
"sexual predator"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) a social or sexual predator"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡuɾɡ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʊɾɡ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʊɾɡ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʊɾɡ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡuɾɡ̥]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡ̥oɹɡʲ̥]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡuɾɡ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Dehkhoda Dictionary",
"Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute",
"University of Tehran Press",
"fa:گرگ"
],
"word": "گرگ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Automatic Inscriptional Pahlavi transliterations containing ambiguous characters",
"Baluchi entries with incorrect language header",
"Baluchi lemmas",
"Baluchi palindromes",
"Baluchi terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Baluchi terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Baluchi verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for native script for Sogdian terms",
"fa:Canids"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰrebh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to grab, seize"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebh₂- (“to grab, seize”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "گرفتن",
"tr": "gereftan"
},
"expansion": "Persian گرفتن (gereftan)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "گرتن"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish گرتن (girtin)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "गृह्णाति",
"3": "",
"4": "he seizes"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit गृह्णाति (gṛhṇāti, “he seizes”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebh₂- (“to grab, seize”). Cognates include Persian گرفتن (gereftan), Central Kurdish گرتن (girtin), Sanskrit गृह्णाति (gṛhṇāti, “he seizes”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "girag",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "verb",
"tr": "girag"
},
"expansion": "گرگ • (girag)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Baluchi",
"lang_code": "bal",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to grab"
],
"links": [
[
"grab",
"grab"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to grip"
],
"links": [
[
"grip",
"grip"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to take"
],
"links": [
[
"take",
"take"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to get"
],
"links": [
[
"get",
"get"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to catch"
],
"links": [
[
"catch",
"catch"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to hold"
],
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to seize"
],
"links": [
[
"seize",
"seize"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to receive"
],
"links": [
[
"receive",
"receive"
]
]
}
],
"word": "گرگ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Automatic Inscriptional Pahlavi transliterations containing ambiguous characters",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian palindromes",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Old Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Old Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Requests for native script for Sogdian terms",
"fa:Canids"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "twilight",
"roman": "gorg-o-miš",
"word": "گرگومیش"
},
{
"english": "wolfish, fierce, savage",
"roman": "gorg-xuy",
"word": "گرگخوی"
},
{
"english": "wolflike, lupine",
"roman": "gorgin",
"word": "گرگین"
},
{
"english": "werewolf",
"roman": "gorgine",
"word": "گرگینه"
},
{
"english": "a highly seasoned person",
"roman": "gorg-e bâlân-dide",
"word": "گرگِ بالاندیده"
},
{
"english": "steppe wolf",
"roman": "gorg-e biâbân",
"word": "گرگِ بیابان"
},
{
"english": "slap",
"roman": "kaf-gorgi",
"word": "کفگرگی"
},
{
"english": "Tasmanian wolf",
"roman": "gorg-e tâsmâni",
"word": "گرگِ تاسمانی"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "𐭢𐭥𐭫𐭢",
"gloss": "wolf",
"ts": "gurg"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭢𐭥𐭫𐭢 (gʿlg /gurg/, “wolf”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"3": "𐎺𐎼𐎣",
"ts": "varka-"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian 𐎺𐎼𐎣 (v-r-k /varka-/)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*wŕ̥kah"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *wŕ̥kah",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬬𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬀 (vəhrka)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"tr": "wyrk-",
"ts": "wərk"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian [script needed] (wyrk- /wərk/)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "گرک",
"tr": "gurk"
},
"expansion": "Baluchi گرک (gurk)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mzn",
"2": "ورگ",
"tr": "verg"
},
"expansion": "Mazanderani ورگ (verg)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "gur"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish gur",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*wŕ̥kas",
"gloss": "wolf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *wŕ̥kas (“wolf”)",
"name": "inherited"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वृक",
"tr": "vṛ́ka"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit वृक (vṛ́ka)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wĺ̥kʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos",
"name": "inherited"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wolf"
},
"expansion": "English wolf",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian 𐭢𐭥𐭫𐭢 (gʿlg /gurg/, “wolf”), from Old Persian 𐎺𐎼𐎣 (v-r-k /varka-/), from Proto-Iranian *wŕ̥kah (compare Avestan 𐬬𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬀 (vəhrka), Sogdian [script needed] (wyrk- /wərk/), Baluchi گرک (gurk), Mazanderani ورگ (verg), Northern Kurdish gur, gurg, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wŕ̥kas (“wolf”) (compare Sanskrit वृक (vṛ́ka)), from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (compare English wolf).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gorg",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "گرگها",
"roman": "gorg-hâ",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "گرگان",
"roman": "gorgân",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "گرگها",
"5": "or",
"6": "گرگان",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "gorg-hâ",
"f2tr": "gorgân",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "gorg",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "گرگ • (gorg) (plural گرگها (gorg-hâ) or گرگان (gorgân))",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "گرگها",
"pl2": "گرگان",
"tr": "gorg"
},
"expansion": "گرگ • (gorg) (plural گرگها (gorg-hâ) or گرگان (gorgân))",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "gorgân",
"word": "گرگان"
},
{
"roman": "gorjestân",
"word": "گرجستان"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Whence didst thou learn this, O eminent one?” “O King of the world,” he replied, “from the fate of the wolf.”",
"ref": "c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3109:",
"roman": "az kujâ âmôxti ên ay buzurg / guft ay šâh-i-jahân az hâl-i-gurg",
"text": "از کجا آموختی این ای بزرگ / گفت ای شاه جهان از حال گرگ",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a wolf"
],
"links": [
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "There are lots of predators out there!",
"roman": "un birun por-e gorg-e!",
"text": "اون بیرون پر گرگه!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a social or sexual predator"
],
"links": [
[
"social",
"social"
],
[
"sexual predator",
"sexual predator"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) a social or sexual predator"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡuɾɡ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʊɾɡ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʊɾɡ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʊɾɡ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡuɾɡ̥]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡ̥oɹɡʲ̥]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡuɾɡ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Dehkhoda Dictionary",
"Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute",
"University of Tehran Press",
"fa:گرگ"
],
"word": "گرگ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for گرگ meaning in All languages combined (7.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.