See گبر on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for گبر meaning in All languages combined (10.6kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "guèbre",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: guèbre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: guèbre"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Guebre",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: Guebre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: Guebre"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Geber",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Geber",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Geber"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "guebro",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: guebro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: guebro"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "fa",
"3": "گبر",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "gabr",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Persian گبر (gabr)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "fa",
"3": "گبر",
"tr": "gabr"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Persian گبر (gabr)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Persian گبر (gabr).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "گَبْر",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "gebr",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f2tr": "",
"ftr": "",
"head": "گَبْر",
"tr": "gebr"
},
"expansion": "گَبْر • (gebr)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "گَبْر",
"tr": "gebr"
},
"expansion": "گَبْر • (gebr)",
"name": "ota-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ottoman Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Zoroastrian"
],
"id": "en-گبر-ota-noun-8s9ABx~d",
"links": [
[
"Zoroastrian",
"Zoroastrian"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "آتشپرست"
},
{
"word": "مجوسی"
},
{
"word": "زردشتی"
}
]
}
],
"word": "گبر"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*webʰ-",
"t": "weave"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *webʰ- (“weave”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *webʰ- (“weave”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gabr",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "gabr",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "گبر • (gabr)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "gabr"
},
"expansion": "گبر • (gabr)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fa",
"name": "Armor",
"orig": "fa:Armor",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hauberk"
],
"id": "en-گبر-fa-noun-ahRSuCWU",
"links": [
[
"hauberk",
"hauberk"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "gapr",
"word": "گپر"
}
]
}
],
"word": "گبر"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gabri",
"word": "گبری"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gabrak",
"word": "گبرک"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gabraki",
"word": "گبرکی"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "gəbr",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: gəbr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: gəbr"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "گبر",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "gebr"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: گبر (gebr)\n→ French: guèbre\n→ English: Guebre\n→ German: Geber\n→ Italian: guebro",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: گبر (gebr)\n→ French: guèbre\n→ English: Guebre\n→ German: Geber\n→ Italian: guebro"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "gabr",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Uzbek: gabr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Uzbek: gabr"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "gavur",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: gavur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: gavur"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "كاور",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "gâvur"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: كاور (gâvur)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: كاور (gâvur)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "gâvur"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: gâvur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: gâvur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "գյավուր",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Armenian: գյավուր (gyavur)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Armenian: գյավուր (gyavur)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "гяу́р",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Bulgarian: гяу́р (gjaúr), гяу́рин (gjaúrin)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bulgarian: гяу́р (gjaúr), гяу́рин (gjaúrin)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "giaour",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: giaour",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: giaour"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "giaour",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: giaour",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: giaour"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Giaur",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Giaur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Giaur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "ѓаур",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Macedonian: ѓаур (ǵaur)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Macedonian: ѓаур (ǵaur)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "ghiaur",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: ghiaur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: ghiaur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "gyaur",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: gyaur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: gyaur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "giaurro",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: giaurro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: giaurro"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "giaur",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: giaur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: giaur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "гяу́р",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: гяу́р (gjaúr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: гяу́р (gjaúr)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ђаур",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian: ђаур",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "đaur"
},
"expansion": "đaur",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "каур"
},
"expansion": "каур",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "kaur"
},
"expansion": "kaur",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "→ Serbo-Croatian: ђаур / đaur, каур / kaur"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "arc",
"3": "𐡂𐡁𐡓𐡀",
"t": "man; person",
"tr": "gbrʾ",
"ts": "gaḇrā"
},
"expansion": "Aramaic 𐡂𐡁𐡓𐡀 (gbrʾ /gaḇrā/, “man; person”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "GBRA",
"3": "",
"4": "man",
"tr": "mard"
},
"expansion": "GBRA (mard, “man”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "كَافِر",
"t": "unbeliever"
},
"expansion": "Arabic كَافِر (kāfir, “unbeliever”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Aramaic 𐡂𐡁𐡓𐡀 (gbrʾ /gaḇrā/, “man; person”), reflected in the Middle Persian logogram (huzvarishn) GBRA (mard, “man”). The Persian word was probably used in pre-Islamic Persia to refer to some Zoroastrians in Mesopotamia (inhabited by many Aramaeans).\nTraditionally has been derived from Arabic كَافِر (kāfir, “unbeliever”), but that is problematic on phonetic and semantic grounds.\nSee Shaki in Encyclopædia Iranica for more.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gabr",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "gabr",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "گبر • (gabr)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "گبران",
"2": "گبرها",
"tr": "gabr"
},
"expansion": "گبر • (gabr)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Zoroastrian"
],
"id": "en-گبر-fa-noun-8s9ABx~d",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"Zoroastrian",
"Zoroastrian"
]
],
"qualifier": "later derogatory",
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, later derogatory) Zoroastrian"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 14 46 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Literal translation:\nReturn, return! Whatever thou art, return!\nWhether kafir, infidel, or idolater, return!\nThis threshold of ours is not a threshold of despair.\n[Even] if you've broken your repentance a thousand times, return!",
"ref": "Attributed to both Abū-Sa'īd Abul-Khayr (967–1049) and Rumi (1207–1273)",
"roman": "sad bâr agar tawba šikastî, bâz-â!",
"text": "باز آ باز آ هر آنچه هستی باز آ\nگر کافر و گبر و بتپرستی باز آ\nاین درگه ما درگه نومیدی نیست\nصد بار اگر توبه شکستی باز آ\nbâz-â! bâz-â! har ânče hastî bâz-â!\ngar kâfir u gabr u but-parastî bâz-â!\nîn dargah-i mâ dargah-i nômêdî nêst",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"kafir, infidel"
],
"id": "en-گبر-fa-noun-LsgmFA4V",
"links": [
[
"kafir",
"kafir"
],
[
"infidel",
"infidel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) kafir, infidel"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"wealthy man"
],
"id": "en-گبر-fa-noun-O1FkIRmE",
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) wealthy man"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡaβɾ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡäbɾ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡäbɾ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡäbɾ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡäbɾ]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʲæbɹ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡäbɾ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gavr",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "گور"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gâvor, gâvar",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "گاور"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"huzvarishn"
],
"word": "گبر"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "guèbre",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: guèbre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: guèbre"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Guebre",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: Guebre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: Guebre"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Geber",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Geber",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Geber"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "guebro",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: guebro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: guebro"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "fa",
"3": "گبر",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "gabr",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Persian گبر (gabr)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "fa",
"3": "گبر",
"tr": "gabr"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Persian گبر (gabr)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Persian گبر (gabr).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "گَبْر",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "gebr",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f2tr": "",
"ftr": "",
"head": "گَبْر",
"tr": "gebr"
},
"expansion": "گَبْر • (gebr)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "گَبْر",
"tr": "gebr"
},
"expansion": "گَبْر • (gebr)",
"name": "ota-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ottoman Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Ottoman Turkish lemmas",
"Ottoman Turkish nouns",
"Ottoman Turkish terms borrowed from Persian",
"Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Persian"
],
"glosses": [
"Zoroastrian"
],
"links": [
[
"Zoroastrian",
"Zoroastrian"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "آتشپرست"
},
{
"word": "مجوسی"
},
{
"word": "زردشتی"
}
]
}
],
"word": "گبر"
}
{
"categories": [
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian terms borrowed from Aramaic",
"Persian terms derived from Aramaic",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*webʰ-",
"t": "weave"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *webʰ- (“weave”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *webʰ- (“weave”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gabr",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "gabr",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "گبر • (gabr)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "gabr"
},
"expansion": "گبر • (gabr)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"fa:Armor"
],
"glosses": [
"hauberk"
],
"links": [
[
"hauberk",
"hauberk"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "gapr",
"word": "گپر"
}
],
"word": "گبر"
}
{
"categories": [
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian terms borrowed from Aramaic",
"Persian terms derived from Aramaic",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "gabri",
"word": "گبری"
},
{
"roman": "gabrak",
"word": "گبرک"
},
{
"roman": "gabraki",
"word": "گبرکی"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "gəbr",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: gəbr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: gəbr"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "گبر",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "gebr"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: گبر (gebr)\n→ French: guèbre\n→ English: Guebre\n→ German: Geber\n→ Italian: guebro",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: گبر (gebr)\n→ French: guèbre\n→ English: Guebre\n→ German: Geber\n→ Italian: guebro"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "gabr",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Uzbek: gabr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Uzbek: gabr"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "gavur",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: gavur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: gavur"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "كاور",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "gâvur"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: كاور (gâvur)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: كاور (gâvur)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "gâvur"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: gâvur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: gâvur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "գյավուր",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Armenian: գյավուր (gyavur)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Armenian: գյավուր (gyavur)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "гяу́р",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Bulgarian: гяу́р (gjaúr), гяу́рин (gjaúrin)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bulgarian: гяу́р (gjaúr), гяу́рин (gjaúrin)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "giaour",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: giaour",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: giaour"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "giaour",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: giaour",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: giaour"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Giaur",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Giaur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Giaur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "ѓаур",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Macedonian: ѓаур (ǵaur)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Macedonian: ѓаур (ǵaur)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "ghiaur",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: ghiaur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: ghiaur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "gyaur",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: gyaur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: gyaur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "giaurro",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: giaurro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: giaurro"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "giaur",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: giaur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: giaur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "гяу́р",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: гяу́р (gjaúr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: гяу́р (gjaúr)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ђаур",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian: ђаур",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "đaur"
},
"expansion": "đaur",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "каур"
},
"expansion": "каур",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "kaur"
},
"expansion": "kaur",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "→ Serbo-Croatian: ђаур / đaur, каур / kaur"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "arc",
"3": "𐡂𐡁𐡓𐡀",
"t": "man; person",
"tr": "gbrʾ",
"ts": "gaḇrā"
},
"expansion": "Aramaic 𐡂𐡁𐡓𐡀 (gbrʾ /gaḇrā/, “man; person”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "GBRA",
"3": "",
"4": "man",
"tr": "mard"
},
"expansion": "GBRA (mard, “man”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "كَافِر",
"t": "unbeliever"
},
"expansion": "Arabic كَافِر (kāfir, “unbeliever”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Aramaic 𐡂𐡁𐡓𐡀 (gbrʾ /gaḇrā/, “man; person”), reflected in the Middle Persian logogram (huzvarishn) GBRA (mard, “man”). The Persian word was probably used in pre-Islamic Persia to refer to some Zoroastrians in Mesopotamia (inhabited by many Aramaeans).\nTraditionally has been derived from Arabic كَافِر (kāfir, “unbeliever”), but that is problematic on phonetic and semantic grounds.\nSee Shaki in Encyclopædia Iranica for more.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gabr",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "gabr",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "گبر • (gabr)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "گبران",
"2": "گبرها",
"tr": "gabr"
},
"expansion": "گبر • (gabr)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Persian derogatory terms",
"Persian terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Zoroastrian"
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"Zoroastrian",
"Zoroastrian"
]
],
"qualifier": "later derogatory",
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, later derogatory) Zoroastrian"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with archaic senses",
"Persian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Literal translation:\nReturn, return! Whatever thou art, return!\nWhether kafir, infidel, or idolater, return!\nThis threshold of ours is not a threshold of despair.\n[Even] if you've broken your repentance a thousand times, return!",
"ref": "Attributed to both Abū-Sa'īd Abul-Khayr (967–1049) and Rumi (1207–1273)",
"roman": "sad bâr agar tawba šikastî, bâz-â!",
"text": "باز آ باز آ هر آنچه هستی باز آ\nگر کافر و گبر و بتپرستی باز آ\nاین درگه ما درگه نومیدی نیست\nصد بار اگر توبه شکستی باز آ\nbâz-â! bâz-â! har ânče hastî bâz-â!\ngar kâfir u gabr u but-parastî bâz-â!\nîn dargah-i mâ dargah-i nômêdî nêst",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"kafir, infidel"
],
"links": [
[
"kafir",
"kafir"
],
[
"infidel",
"infidel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) kafir, infidel"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Persian colloquialisms"
],
"glosses": [
"wealthy man"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) wealthy man"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡaβɾ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡäbɾ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡäbɾ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡäbɾ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡäbɾ]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʲæbɹ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡäbɾ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "gavr",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "گور"
},
{
"roman": "gâvor, gâvar",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "گاور"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"huzvarishn"
],
"word": "گبر"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.