See کم on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "phr",
"2": "sa",
"3": "कृ"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "phr",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*kar-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "phr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷer-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "phr",
"2": "pra",
"3": "𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Prakrit 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫 (kamma)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "phr",
"2": "pra",
"3": "𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Prakrit 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫 (kamma)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "phr",
"2": "sa",
"3": "कर्म"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit कर्म (karma)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Prakrit 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫 (kamma), from Sanskrit कर्म (karma).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "کَمّ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "kamm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "phr",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"head": "کَمّ"
},
"expansion": "کَمّ (kamm) m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Pahari-Potwari",
"lang_code": "phr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pahari-Potwari entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "38 0 3 1 4 37 1 1 1 1 2 4 2 4 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 0 2 1 7 33 1 1 1 1 2 8 2 8 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"work, job, task"
],
"id": "en-کم-phr-noun-wU8Vhehw",
"links": [
[
"work",
"work"
],
[
"job",
"job"
],
[
"task",
"task"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəmːᵊ/"
}
],
"word": "کم"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to run short, to become lacking",
"roman": "kam âmadan",
"word": "کم آمدن"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to shortchange",
"roman": "kam dâdan",
"word": "کم دادن"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to be diminished, to be reduced",
"roman": "kam šodan",
"word": "کم شدن"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to reduce, to lessen",
"roman": "kam kardan",
"word": "کم کردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to slight, to look down on",
"roman": "kam gereftan",
"word": "کم گرفتن"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kamrang",
"word": "کمرنگ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kam-baxt",
"word": "کمبخت"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kam-harf",
"word": "کمحرف"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kam-xâbi",
"word": "کمخوابی"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kam-xuni",
"word": "کمخونی"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kam-kam",
"word": "کمکم"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Indic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "as",
"2": "কম"
},
"expansion": "Assamese: কম (kom)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Assamese: কম (kom)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"2": "কম"
},
"expansion": "Bengali: কম (kom)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bengali: কম (kom)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "کم"
},
"expansion": "Baluchi: کم",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Baluchi: کم"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-hnd",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hindustani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindustani:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "कम",
"3": "कम-"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: कम (kam), कम- (kam-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: कम (kam), कम- (kam-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "کم",
"tr": "kam"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: کم (kam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: کم (kam)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ks",
"2": "کم"
},
"expansion": "Kashmiri: کم (km)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashmiri: کم (km)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mr",
"2": "कमी"
},
"expansion": "Marathi: कमी (kamī)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Marathi: कमी (kamī)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ne",
"2": "कम"
},
"expansion": "Nepali: कम (kam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nepali: कम (kam)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "or",
"2": "କମ"
},
"expansion": "Odia: କମ (kama)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Odia: କମ (kama)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "borrowed",
"2": "→"
},
"expansion": "→",
"name": "tooltip"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "→",
"name": "→"
}
],
"text": "→ Punjabi:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਕਮ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Gurmukhi script: ਕਮ (kam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurmukhi script: ਕਮ (kam)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "کم",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "kam"
},
"expansion": "Shahmukhi script: کم (kam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shahmukhi script: کم (kam)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sat",
"2": "ᱠᱚᱢ"
},
"expansion": "Santali: ᱠᱚᱢ (kôm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Santali: ᱠᱚᱢ (kôm)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "கம்மி",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tamil: கம்மி (kammi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tamil: கம்மி (kammi)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "كم",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "kem"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Anatolian Turkish: كم (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Anatolian Turkish: كم (kem)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "kəm"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: kəm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: kəm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "كم",
"tr": "kem"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: كم (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: كم (kem)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kem"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: kem",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: kem"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "кәм",
"bor": "1",
"t": "insufficient, scarce; inferior"
},
"expansion": "→ Bashkir: кәм (kəm, “insufficient, scarce; inferior”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bashkir: кәм (kəm, “insufficient, scarce; inferior”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "phl",
"2": "kam",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Phalura: kam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Phalura: kam"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "кем",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Kazakh: кем (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Kazakh: кем (kem)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "ким",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tatar: ким (kim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tatar: ким (kim)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "kam",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Uzbek: kam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Uzbek: kam"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yai",
"2": "кам",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Yagnobi: кам (kam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Yagnobi: кам (kam)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "𐭪𐭬",
"4": "",
"5": "little, small",
"ts": "kam"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭪𐭬 (km /kam/, “little, small”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*kam(b)-na-",
"t": "small"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *kam(b)-na- (“small”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*kamb-",
"t": "small"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *kamb- (“small”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*kambʰ",
"t": "few, small, insignificant"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *kambʰ (“few, small, insignificant”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ken-",
"t": "to arise, begin; new, fresh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“to arise, begin; new, fresh”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian 𐭪𐭬 (km /kam/, “little, small”), from Proto-Iranian *kam(b)-na- (“small”), from Proto-Iranian *kamb- (“small”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kambʰ (“few, small, insignificant”), probably related to Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“to arise, begin; new, fresh”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "کمتَر",
"roman": "kam-tar",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "کمتَرین",
"roman": "kam-tarin",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"c": "+",
"tr": "kam"
},
"expansion": "کم • (kam) (comparative کمتَر (kam-tar), superlative کمتَرین (kam-tarin))",
"name": "fa-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "زیاد"
},
{
"word": "خیلی"
}
],
"glosses": [
"few, little"
],
"id": "en-کم-fa-adj-zLL5U~F-",
"links": [
[
"few",
"few"
],
[
"little",
"little"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "خجاره"
},
{
"word": "اندک"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Automatic Inscriptional Pahlavi transliterations containing ambiguous characters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"scarce, rare, lacking"
],
"id": "en-کم-fa-adj-oPxxevq5",
"links": [
[
"scarce",
"scarce"
],
[
"rare",
"rare"
],
[
"lacking",
"lacking"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kam]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kʰäm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kʰäm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kʰäm]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kʰäm]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[kʰʲæm]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kʰäm]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "کم"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "kom",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"10": "<small>[Term?]</small>",
"11": "",
"12": "<small>[Term?]</small>",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "kom",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "کم • (kom)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "kom"
},
"expansion": "کم • (kom)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "šekam, “belly; abdomen; tummy; stomach”",
"word": "شکم"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dashtestani Persian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 76 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "fa",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "fa:Anatomy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "potbellied",
"roman": "kom-gonde",
"word": "کمگنده"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of شکم (šekam, “belly; abdomen; tummy; stomach”)"
],
"id": "en-کم-fa-noun-d6DzoC7o",
"links": [
[
"شکم",
"شکم#Persian"
],
[
"belly",
"belly"
],
[
"abdomen",
"abdomen"
],
[
"tummy",
"tummy"
],
[
"stomach",
"stomach"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal, Khesht, Konartakhteh, Dashtestan) Alternative form of شکم (šekam, “belly; abdomen; tummy; stomach”)"
],
"tags": [
"Dashtestan",
"Khesht",
"Konartakhteh",
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"word": "کم"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "kam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pronoun",
"tr": "kam"
},
"expansion": "کم • (kam)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "kodâm, “which”",
"word": "کدام"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 27 16 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 12 10 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of کدام (kodâm, “which”)"
],
"id": "en-کم-fa-pron-IRK7-lbG",
"links": [
[
"کدام",
"کدام#Persian"
],
[
"which",
"which"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal, Khesht, Konartakhteh) Alternative form of کدام (kodâm, “which”)"
],
"tags": [
"Khesht",
"Konartakhteh",
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"word": "کم"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "sa",
"3": "कृ"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*kar-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷer-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "pra",
"3": "𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Prakrit 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫 (kamma)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "pra",
"3": "𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Prakrit 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫 (kamma)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "sa",
"3": "कर्म"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit कर्म (karma)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Prakrit 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫 (kamma), from Sanskrit कर्म (karma).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "کَمّ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kamm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ਕੰਮ",
"tags": [
"Gurmukhi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"gur": "ਕੰਮ",
"head": "کَمّ"
},
"expansion": "کَمّ • (kamm) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਕੰਮ)",
"name": "pa-noun"
}
],
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{
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{
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{
"_dis": "34 0 2 1 7 33 1 1 1 1 2 8 2 8 0",
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}
],
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],
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[
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"work"
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[
"job",
"job"
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[
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"task"
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],
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],
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{
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{
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}
],
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{
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],
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"tags": [
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},
{
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{
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"comparative"
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},
{
"form": "کَمتَرِین",
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],
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{
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],
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"id": "en-کم-ur-adj-dDmP1h1C",
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[
"little",
"little"
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],
"synonyms": [
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"word": "تھوڑا"
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],
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],
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"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian کم (kam, “little, few”)",
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],
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{
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},
{
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],
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},
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{
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],
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],
"word": "کم"
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{
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"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian کم (kam, “little, few”)",
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],
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},
{
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],
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"g3": "",
"id": "",
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"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
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"expansion": "Prakrit 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫 (kamma)",
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{
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{
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"2": "sa",
"3": "कर्म"
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"expansion": "Sanskrit कर्म (karma)",
"name": "inh"
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],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Prakrit 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫 (kamma), from Sanskrit कर्म (karma).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "کَمّ",
"tags": [
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"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "kamm",
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}
],
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"g": "m",
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"expansion": "کَمّ (kamm) m",
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],
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"Pahari-Potwari terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
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"Pahari-Potwari terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Pahari-Potwari terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷer-",
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"Pahari-Potwari terms derived from the Sanskrit root कृ",
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"Pahari-Potwari terms inherited from Sanskrit"
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[
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"Persian pronouns",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"fa:Anatomy"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to run short, to become lacking",
"roman": "kam âmadan",
"word": "کم آمدن"
},
{
"english": "to shortchange",
"roman": "kam dâdan",
"word": "کم دادن"
},
{
"english": "to be diminished, to be reduced",
"roman": "kam šodan",
"word": "کم شدن"
},
{
"english": "to reduce, to lessen",
"roman": "kam kardan",
"word": "کم کردن"
},
{
"english": "to slight, to look down on",
"roman": "kam gereftan",
"word": "کم گرفتن"
},
{
"roman": "kamrang",
"word": "کمرنگ"
},
{
"roman": "kam-baxt",
"word": "کمبخت"
},
{
"roman": "kam-harf",
"word": "کمحرف"
},
{
"roman": "kam-xâbi",
"word": "کمخوابی"
},
{
"roman": "kam-xuni",
"word": "کمخونی"
},
{
"roman": "kam-kam",
"word": "کمکم"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Indic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "as",
"2": "কম"
},
"expansion": "Assamese: কম (kom)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Assamese: কম (kom)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"2": "কম"
},
"expansion": "Bengali: কম (kom)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bengali: কম (kom)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "کم"
},
"expansion": "Baluchi: کم",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Baluchi: کم"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-hnd",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hindustani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindustani:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "कम",
"3": "कम-"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: कम (kam), कम- (kam-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: कम (kam), कम- (kam-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "کم",
"tr": "kam"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: کم (kam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: کم (kam)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ks",
"2": "کم"
},
"expansion": "Kashmiri: کم (km)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashmiri: کم (km)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mr",
"2": "कमी"
},
"expansion": "Marathi: कमी (kamī)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Marathi: कमी (kamī)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ne",
"2": "कम"
},
"expansion": "Nepali: कम (kam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nepali: कम (kam)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "or",
"2": "କମ"
},
"expansion": "Odia: କମ (kama)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Odia: କମ (kama)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "borrowed",
"2": "→"
},
"expansion": "→",
"name": "tooltip"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "→",
"name": "→"
}
],
"text": "→ Punjabi:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਕਮ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Gurmukhi script: ਕਮ (kam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurmukhi script: ਕਮ (kam)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "کم",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "kam"
},
"expansion": "Shahmukhi script: کم (kam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shahmukhi script: کم (kam)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sat",
"2": "ᱠᱚᱢ"
},
"expansion": "Santali: ᱠᱚᱢ (kôm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Santali: ᱠᱚᱢ (kôm)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "கம்மி",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tamil: கம்மி (kammi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tamil: கம்மி (kammi)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "كم",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "kem"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Anatolian Turkish: كم (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Anatolian Turkish: كم (kem)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "kəm"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: kəm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: kəm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "كم",
"tr": "kem"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: كم (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: كم (kem)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kem"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: kem",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: kem"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "кәм",
"bor": "1",
"t": "insufficient, scarce; inferior"
},
"expansion": "→ Bashkir: кәм (kəm, “insufficient, scarce; inferior”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bashkir: кәм (kəm, “insufficient, scarce; inferior”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "phl",
"2": "kam",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Phalura: kam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Phalura: kam"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "кем",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Kazakh: кем (kem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Kazakh: кем (kem)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "ким",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tatar: ким (kim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tatar: ким (kim)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "kam",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Uzbek: kam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Uzbek: kam"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yai",
"2": "кам",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Yagnobi: кам (kam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Yagnobi: кам (kam)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "𐭪𐭬",
"4": "",
"5": "little, small",
"ts": "kam"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭪𐭬 (km /kam/, “little, small”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*kam(b)-na-",
"t": "small"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *kam(b)-na- (“small”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*kamb-",
"t": "small"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *kamb- (“small”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*kambʰ",
"t": "few, small, insignificant"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *kambʰ (“few, small, insignificant”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ken-",
"t": "to arise, begin; new, fresh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“to arise, begin; new, fresh”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian 𐭪𐭬 (km /kam/, “little, small”), from Proto-Iranian *kam(b)-na- (“small”), from Proto-Iranian *kamb- (“small”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kambʰ (“few, small, insignificant”), probably related to Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“to arise, begin; new, fresh”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "کمتَر",
"roman": "kam-tar",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "کمتَرین",
"roman": "kam-tarin",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"c": "+",
"tr": "kam"
},
"expansion": "کم • (kam) (comparative کمتَر (kam-tar), superlative کمتَرین (kam-tarin))",
"name": "fa-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "زیاد"
},
{
"word": "خیلی"
}
],
"glosses": [
"few, little"
],
"links": [
[
"few",
"few"
],
[
"little",
"little"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "خجاره"
},
{
"word": "اندک"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"scarce, rare, lacking"
],
"links": [
[
"scarce",
"scarce"
],
[
"rare",
"rare"
],
[
"lacking",
"lacking"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kam]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kʰäm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kʰäm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kʰäm]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kʰäm]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[kʰʲæm]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kʰäm]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "کم"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian pronouns",
"fa:Anatomy"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "potbellied",
"roman": "kom-gonde",
"word": "کمگنده"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "kom",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"10": "<small>[Term?]</small>",
"11": "",
"12": "<small>[Term?]</small>",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "kom",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "کم • (kom)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "kom"
},
"expansion": "کم • (kom)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "šekam, “belly; abdomen; tummy; stomach”",
"word": "شکم"
}
],
"categories": [
"Dashtestani Persian",
"Persian dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of شکم (šekam, “belly; abdomen; tummy; stomach”)"
],
"links": [
[
"شکم",
"شکم#Persian"
],
[
"belly",
"belly"
],
[
"abdomen",
"abdomen"
],
[
"tummy",
"tummy"
],
[
"stomach",
"stomach"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal, Khesht, Konartakhteh, Dashtestan) Alternative form of شکم (šekam, “belly; abdomen; tummy; stomach”)"
],
"tags": [
"Dashtestan",
"Khesht",
"Konartakhteh",
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"word": "کم"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian pronouns",
"fa:Anatomy"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "kam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pronoun",
"tr": "kam"
},
"expansion": "کم • (kam)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "kodâm, “which”",
"word": "کدام"
}
],
"categories": [
"Persian dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of کدام (kodâm, “which”)"
],
"links": [
[
"کدام",
"کدام#Persian"
],
[
"which",
"which"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal, Khesht, Konartakhteh) Alternative form of کدام (kodâm, “which”)"
],
"tags": [
"Khesht",
"Konartakhteh",
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"word": "کم"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "sa",
"3": "कृ"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*kar-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷer-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "pra",
"3": "𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Prakrit 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫 (kamma)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "pra",
"3": "𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Prakrit 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫 (kamma)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "sa",
"3": "कर्म"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit कर्म (karma)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Prakrit 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫 (kamma), from Sanskrit कर्म (karma).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "کَمّ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kamm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ਕੰਮ",
"tags": [
"Gurmukhi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"gur": "ਕੰਮ",
"head": "کَمّ"
},
"expansion": "کَمّ • (kamm) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਕੰਮ)",
"name": "pa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Punjabi",
"lang_code": "pa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Punjabi entries with incorrect language header",
"Punjabi lemmas",
"Punjabi masculine nouns",
"Punjabi nouns",
"Punjabi nouns in Shahmukhi script",
"Punjabi terms derived from Prakrit",
"Punjabi terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Punjabi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Punjabi terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Punjabi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷer-",
"Punjabi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-Iranian root *kar-",
"Punjabi terms derived from the Sanskrit root कृ",
"Punjabi terms inherited from Prakrit",
"Punjabi terms inherited from Sanskrit"
],
"glosses": [
"work, job, task"
],
"links": [
[
"work",
"work"
],
[
"job",
"job"
],
[
"task",
"task"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəmːᵊ/"
}
],
"word": "کم"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Southwestern Fars entries with incorrect language header",
"Southwestern Fars lemmas",
"Southwestern Fars nouns",
"Southwestern Fars terms in nonstandard scripts",
"fay:Anatomy"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "kom",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fay",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "kom"
},
"expansion": "کم (kom)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "kom"
},
"expansion": "کم (kom)",
"name": "fay-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Southwestern Fars",
"lang_code": "fay",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"belly"
],
"links": [
[
"belly",
"belly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Masarm, Deh Sarv, Kuzarg) belly"
],
"tags": [
"Deh-Sarv",
"Kuzarg",
"Masarm"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"abdomen"
],
"links": [
[
"abdomen",
"abdomen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Masarm, Deh Sarv, Kuzarg) abdomen"
],
"tags": [
"Deh-Sarv",
"Kuzarg",
"Masarm"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"tummy"
],
"links": [
[
"tummy",
"tummy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Masarm, Deh Sarv, Kuzarg) tummy"
],
"tags": [
"Deh-Sarv",
"Kuzarg",
"Masarm"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"stomach"
],
"links": [
[
"stomach",
"stomach"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Masarm, Deh Sarv, Kuzarg) stomach"
],
"tags": [
"Deh-Sarv",
"Kuzarg",
"Masarm"
]
}
],
"word": "کم"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Urdu adjectives",
"Urdu adverbs",
"Urdu determiners",
"Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"Urdu indeclinable adjectives",
"Urdu lemmas",
"Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian",
"Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian",
"Urdu terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kam az kam",
"word": "کَم اَز کَم"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "کم",
"4": "",
"5": "little, few",
"tr": "kam"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian کم (kam, “little, few”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian کم (kam, “little, few”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "کَم",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "کَمْتَر",
"roman": "kamtar",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "کَمتَرِین",
"roman": "kamtarīn",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "कम",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "کَمْتَر",
"2": "کَمتَرِین",
"head": "کَم",
"ind": "1"
},
"expansion": "کَم • (kam) (indeclinable, comparative کَمْتَر (kamtar), superlative کَمتَرِین (kamtarīn), Hindi spelling कम)",
"name": "ur-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "زیادَہ"
},
{
"word": "بَہُت"
}
],
"glosses": [
"less (in lower degree; to smaller extent)"
],
"links": [
[
"less",
"less"
]
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "زیادَہ"
},
{
"word": "بَہُت"
}
],
"glosses": [
"little (not much)"
],
"links": [
[
"little",
"little"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "تھوڑا"
}
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəm/",
"tags": [
"Standard",
"Urdu"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1617 (urd)-Syamantak07-کم.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/73/LL-Q1617_%28urd%29-Syamantak07-%DA%A9%D9%85.wav/LL-Q1617_%28urd%29-Syamantak07-%DA%A9%D9%85.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/73/LL-Q1617_%28urd%29-Syamantak07-%DA%A9%D9%85.wav/LL-Q1617_%28urd%29-Syamantak07-%DA%A9%D9%85.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "کم"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Urdu adjectives",
"Urdu adverbs",
"Urdu determiners",
"Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"Urdu indeclinable adjectives",
"Urdu lemmas",
"Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian",
"Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian",
"Urdu terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "کم",
"4": "",
"5": "little, few",
"tr": "kam"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian کم (kam, “little, few”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian کم (kam, “little, few”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "کَم",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "कम",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "کَم"
},
"expansion": "کَم • (kam) (Hindi spelling कम)",
"name": "ur-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "زیادَہ"
},
{
"word": "بَہُت"
}
],
"glosses": [
"less (in lower degree; to smaller extent)"
],
"links": [
[
"less",
"less"
]
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "زیادَہ"
},
{
"word": "بَہُت"
}
],
"glosses": [
"little (not much)"
],
"links": [
[
"little",
"little"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "تھوڑا"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəm/",
"tags": [
"Standard",
"Urdu"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1617 (urd)-Syamantak07-کم.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/73/LL-Q1617_%28urd%29-Syamantak07-%DA%A9%D9%85.wav/LL-Q1617_%28urd%29-Syamantak07-%DA%A9%D9%85.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/73/LL-Q1617_%28urd%29-Syamantak07-%DA%A9%D9%85.wav/LL-Q1617_%28urd%29-Syamantak07-%DA%A9%D9%85.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "کم"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Urdu adjectives",
"Urdu adverbs",
"Urdu determiners",
"Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"Urdu indeclinable adjectives",
"Urdu lemmas",
"Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian",
"Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian",
"Urdu terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "کم",
"4": "",
"5": "little, few",
"tr": "kam"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian کم (kam, “little, few”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian کم (kam, “little, few”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "کَم",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "कम",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "determiner",
"3": "Hindi spelling",
"4": "कम",
"head": "کَم"
},
"expansion": "کَم • (kam) (Hindi spelling कम)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "det",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "بَہُت"
}
],
"glosses": [
"few"
],
"links": [
[
"few",
"few"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəm/",
"tags": [
"Standard",
"Urdu"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1617 (urd)-Syamantak07-کم.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/73/LL-Q1617_%28urd%29-Syamantak07-%DA%A9%D9%85.wav/LL-Q1617_%28urd%29-Syamantak07-%DA%A9%D9%85.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/73/LL-Q1617_%28urd%29-Syamantak07-%DA%A9%D9%85.wav/LL-Q1617_%28urd%29-Syamantak07-%DA%A9%D9%85.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "کم"
}
Download raw JSONL data for کم meaning in All languages combined (21.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (92124b4 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.