See يهود on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aa",
"2": "Yahúud",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Afar: Yahúud",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Afar: Yahúud"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "يَهُودِيّ",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "back-formation of يَهُودِيّ (yahūdiyy)",
"name": "back-formation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "يَهُود",
"3": "ِيّ",
"id1": "",
"id2": "nisba",
"t1": "Jews",
"tr1": ""
},
"expansion": "يَهُود (yahūd, “Jews”) + ـِيّ (-iyy)",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "يَهُود",
"2": "Jews",
"lc": "1"
},
"expansion": "relative adjective (nisba) composed of يَهُود (yahūd, “Jews”) + ـِيّ (-iyy)",
"name": "ar-etym-nisba"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned back-formation of يَهُودِيّ (yahūdiyy) as if this were relative adjective (nisba) composed of يَهُود (yahūd, “Jews”) + ـِيّ (-iyy).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "يَهُود",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "yahūd",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيّ",
"roman": "yahūdiyy",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singulative"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُود",
"roman": "yahūd",
"tags": [
"paucal"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ar-decl-coll-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُود",
"roman": "yahūd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُود",
"roman": "al-yahūd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"definite",
"informal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُود",
"roman": "yahūd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"construct",
"informal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودٌ",
"roman": "yahūdun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودُ",
"roman": "al-yahūdu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"definite",
"nominative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودُ",
"roman": "yahūdu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"construct",
"nominative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودًا",
"roman": "yahūdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"collective",
"indefinite",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودَ",
"roman": "al-yahūda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"collective",
"definite",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودَ",
"roman": "yahūda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"collective",
"construct",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودٍ",
"roman": "yahūdin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودِ",
"roman": "al-yahūdi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"definite",
"genitive",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِ",
"roman": "yahūdi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"construct",
"genitive",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِي",
"roman": "yahūdī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودِي",
"roman": "al-yahūdī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"definite",
"informal",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِي",
"roman": "yahūdī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"construct",
"informal",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيٌّ",
"roman": "yahūdiyyun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودِيُّ",
"roman": "al-yahūdiyyu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيُّ",
"roman": "yahūdiyyu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"construct",
"nominative",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيًّا",
"roman": "yahūdiyyan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"collective",
"indefinite",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودِيَّ",
"roman": "al-yahūdiyya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"collective",
"definite",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيَّ",
"roman": "yahūdiyya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"collective",
"construct",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيٍّ",
"roman": "yahūdiyyin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودِيِّ",
"roman": "al-yahūdiyyi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيِّ",
"roman": "yahūdiyyi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"construct",
"genitive",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيَّيْن",
"roman": "yahūdiyyayn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"dual",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودِيَّيْن",
"roman": "al-yahūdiyyayn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"definite",
"dual",
"informal",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيَّيْ",
"roman": "yahūdiyyay",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"construct",
"dual",
"informal",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيَّانِ",
"roman": "yahūdiyyāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"dual",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودِيَّانِ",
"roman": "al-yahūdiyyāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"definite",
"dual",
"nominative",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيَّا",
"roman": "yahūdiyyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"construct",
"dual",
"nominative",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيَّيْنِ",
"roman": "yahūdiyyayni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"collective",
"dual",
"indefinite",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودِيَّيْنِ",
"roman": "al-yahūdiyyayni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"collective",
"definite",
"dual",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيَّيْ",
"roman": "yahūdiyyay",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"collective",
"construct",
"dual",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيَّيْنِ",
"roman": "yahūdiyyayni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"dual",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودِيَّيْنِ",
"roman": "al-yahūdiyyayni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"definite",
"dual",
"genitive",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيَّيْ",
"roman": "yahūdiyyay",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"construct",
"dual",
"genitive",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُود",
"roman": "yahūd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"paucal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُود",
"roman": "al-yahūd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"informal",
"paucal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُود",
"roman": "yahūd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"construct",
"informal",
"paucal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودٌ",
"roman": "yahūdun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"paucal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودُ",
"roman": "al-yahūdu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"nominative",
"paucal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودُ",
"roman": "yahūdu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"construct",
"nominative",
"paucal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودًا",
"roman": "yahūdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"broken-form",
"indefinite",
"paucal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودَ",
"roman": "al-yahūda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"paucal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودَ",
"roman": "yahūda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"paucal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودٍ",
"roman": "yahūdin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"paucal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودِ",
"roman": "al-yahūdi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"genitive",
"paucal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِ",
"roman": "yahūdi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"construct",
"genitive",
"paucal",
"triptote"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "يَهُود",
"pauc": "يَهُود",
"sing": "يَهُودِيّ"
},
"name": "ar-decl-coll-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic back-formations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 76 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic feminine terms lacking feminine ending",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic nouns with basic triptote broken paucal",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic nouns with basic triptote collective",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic nouns with basic triptote singulative",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic pluralia tantum",
"parents": [
"Pluralia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 77",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic relative adjectives (nisba)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic terms suffixed with ي (nisba)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 75 0 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 75 0 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 74 0 5 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "South Levantine Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 85 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ar",
"name": "Judaism",
"orig": "ar:Judaism",
"parents": [
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Jews and Christians say: We are sons of Allah and His loved ones. Say: Why then doth He chastise you for your sins? Nay, ye are but mortals of His creating. He forgiveth whom He will, and chastiseth whom He will. Allah's is the Sovereignty of the heavens and the earth and all that is between them, and unto Him is the journeying.",
"roman": "wa-qālati l-yahūdu wa-n-aṣārā naḥnu ʾabnāʾu llāhi wa-ʾaḥibbāʾuh[ū], qul fa-lima yuʿaḏḏibukum bi-ḏunūbikum, bal ʾantum bašarum-mimman ḵalaq[a], yaġfiru li-man yašāʾu wa-yuʿaḏḏibu man yašāʾ[u], wa-llāhi mulku s-samāwāti wa-l-ʾarḍi wa-mā baynahumā, wa-ʾilayhi l-maṣīr[u]",
"text": "وَقَالَتِ ٱلْيَهُودُ وَٱلنَّصَارَىٰ نَحْنُ أَبْنَاءُ ٱللَّهِ وَأَحِبَّاؤُهُ ۚ قُلْ فَلِمَ يُعَذِّبُكُم بِذُنُوبِكُم ۖ بَلْ أَنتُم بَشَرٌ مِّمَّنْ خَلَقَ ۚ يَغْفِرُ لِمَن يَشَاءُ وَيُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَاءُ ۚ وَلِلَّهِ مُلْكُ ٱلسَّمَاوَاتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا ۖ وَإِلَيْهِ ٱلْمَصِيرُ",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Jews"
],
"id": "en-يهود-ar-noun-g6br2hUi",
"links": [
[
"Jews",
"Jew"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collective) Jews"
],
"related": [
{
"english": "related to Jews; single Jew",
"roman": "yahūdiyy",
"word": "يَهُودِيّ"
},
{
"roman": "yahūdiyya",
"word": "يَهُودِيَّة"
}
],
"tags": [
"collective"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ar:يهود"
],
"word": "يهود"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "يَهُودِيّ",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "back-formation of يَهُودِيّ (yahūdiyy)",
"name": "back-formation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "يَهُود",
"3": "ِيّ",
"id1": "",
"id2": "nisba",
"t1": "Jews",
"tr1": ""
},
"expansion": "يَهُود (yahūd, “Jews”) + ـِيّ (-iyy)",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "يَهُود",
"2": "Jews",
"lc": "1"
},
"expansion": "relative adjective (nisba) composed of يَهُود (yahūd, “Jews”) + ـِيّ (-iyy)",
"name": "ar-etym-nisba"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned back-formation of يَهُودِيّ (yahūdiyy) as if this were relative adjective (nisba) composed of يَهُود (yahūd, “Jews”) + ـِيّ (-iyy).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "يَهُود",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "yahūd",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic back-formations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "yahūdiyy",
"word": "يَهُودِيّ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"masculine plural of يَهُودِيّ (yahūdiyy)"
],
"id": "en-يهود-ar-adj-aE0311l4",
"links": [
[
"يَهُودِيّ",
"يهودي#Arabic"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ar:يهود"
],
"word": "يهود"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "يهود # يَهُودُ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ja.huː.du",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": ": third-person masculine singular non-past active indicative of هَادَ # يَهُودَ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ja.huː.da",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": ": third-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive of هَادَ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "yahūdu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "hāda",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "yahūda",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "+هاد<I>"
},
"expansion": "يهود (form I)\n# يَهُودُ (yahūdu) /ja.huː.du/: third-person masculine singular non-past active indicative of هَادَ (hāda)\n# يَهُودَ (yahūda) /ja.huː.da/: third-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive of هَادَ (hāda)",
"name": "ar-verb form"
}
],
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"id": "en-يهود-ar-verb-47DEQpj8",
"tags": [
"form-i",
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ar:يهود"
],
"word": "يهود"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ajp",
"2": "ar",
"3": "يَهُود"
},
"expansion": "Arabic يَهُود (yahūd)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Arabic يَهُود (yahūd).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "yahūd",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ajp",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "p",
"tr": "yahūd"
},
"expansion": "يهود • (yahūd) pl",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "South Levantine Arabic",
"lang_code": "ajp",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "yahūdi, “Jew”",
"word": "يهودي"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of يهودي (yahūdi, “Jew”)"
],
"id": "en-يهود-ajp-noun-GG7qbZAq",
"links": [
[
"يهودي",
"يهودي#South_Levantine_Arabic"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ja.huːd/"
},
{
"ipa": "[jaˈhuːd]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q55633582 (ajp)-AdrianAbdulBaha-يهود.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-AdrianAbdulBaha-%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF.wav/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-AdrianAbdulBaha-%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-AdrianAbdulBaha-%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF.wav/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-AdrianAbdulBaha-%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "يهود"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ajp",
"2": "ar",
"3": "يَهُود"
},
"expansion": "Arabic يَهُود (yahūd)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Arabic يَهُود (yahūd).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "yahūd",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ajp",
"2": "adjective form",
"tr": "yahūd"
},
"expansion": "يهود • (yahūd)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "South Levantine Arabic",
"lang_code": "ajp",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "yahūdi, “Jewish”",
"word": "يهودي"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of يهودي (yahūdi, “Jewish”)"
],
"id": "en-يهود-ajp-adj-Ju~if5js",
"links": [
[
"يهودي",
"يهودي#South_Levantine_Arabic"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ja.huːd/"
},
{
"ipa": "[jaˈhuːd]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q55633582 (ajp)-AdrianAbdulBaha-يهود.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-AdrianAbdulBaha-%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF.wav/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-AdrianAbdulBaha-%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-AdrianAbdulBaha-%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF.wav/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-AdrianAbdulBaha-%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "يهود"
}
{
"categories": [
"Arabic adjective forms",
"Arabic back-formations",
"Arabic collective nouns",
"Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"Arabic feminine nouns",
"Arabic feminine terms lacking feminine ending",
"Arabic lemmas",
"Arabic masculine nouns",
"Arabic non-lemma forms",
"Arabic nouns",
"Arabic nouns with basic triptote broken paucal",
"Arabic nouns with basic triptote collective",
"Arabic nouns with basic triptote singulative",
"Arabic nouns with multiple genders",
"Arabic pluralia tantum",
"Arabic relative adjectives (nisba)",
"Arabic terms suffixed with ي (nisba)",
"Arabic verb forms",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"South Levantine Arabic adjective forms",
"South Levantine Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"South Levantine Arabic non-lemma forms",
"South Levantine Arabic noun forms",
"South Levantine Arabic terms derived from Arabic",
"South Levantine Arabic terms inherited from Arabic",
"South Levantine Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"ar:Judaism"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aa",
"2": "Yahúud",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Afar: Yahúud",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Afar: Yahúud"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "يَهُودِيّ",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "back-formation of يَهُودِيّ (yahūdiyy)",
"name": "back-formation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "يَهُود",
"3": "ِيّ",
"id1": "",
"id2": "nisba",
"t1": "Jews",
"tr1": ""
},
"expansion": "يَهُود (yahūd, “Jews”) + ـِيّ (-iyy)",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "يَهُود",
"2": "Jews",
"lc": "1"
},
"expansion": "relative adjective (nisba) composed of يَهُود (yahūd, “Jews”) + ـِيّ (-iyy)",
"name": "ar-etym-nisba"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned back-formation of يَهُودِيّ (yahūdiyy) as if this were relative adjective (nisba) composed of يَهُود (yahūd, “Jews”) + ـِيّ (-iyy).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "يَهُود",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "yahūd",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيّ",
"roman": "yahūdiyy",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singulative"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُود",
"roman": "yahūd",
"tags": [
"paucal"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ar-decl-coll-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُود",
"roman": "yahūd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُود",
"roman": "al-yahūd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"definite",
"informal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُود",
"roman": "yahūd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"construct",
"informal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودٌ",
"roman": "yahūdun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودُ",
"roman": "al-yahūdu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"definite",
"nominative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودُ",
"roman": "yahūdu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"construct",
"nominative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودًا",
"roman": "yahūdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"collective",
"indefinite",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودَ",
"roman": "al-yahūda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"collective",
"definite",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودَ",
"roman": "yahūda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"collective",
"construct",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودٍ",
"roman": "yahūdin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودِ",
"roman": "al-yahūdi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"definite",
"genitive",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِ",
"roman": "yahūdi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"construct",
"genitive",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِي",
"roman": "yahūdī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودِي",
"roman": "al-yahūdī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"definite",
"informal",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِي",
"roman": "yahūdī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"construct",
"informal",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيٌّ",
"roman": "yahūdiyyun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودِيُّ",
"roman": "al-yahūdiyyu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيُّ",
"roman": "yahūdiyyu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"construct",
"nominative",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيًّا",
"roman": "yahūdiyyan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"collective",
"indefinite",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودِيَّ",
"roman": "al-yahūdiyya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"collective",
"definite",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيَّ",
"roman": "yahūdiyya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"collective",
"construct",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيٍّ",
"roman": "yahūdiyyin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودِيِّ",
"roman": "al-yahūdiyyi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيِّ",
"roman": "yahūdiyyi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"construct",
"genitive",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيَّيْن",
"roman": "yahūdiyyayn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"dual",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودِيَّيْن",
"roman": "al-yahūdiyyayn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"definite",
"dual",
"informal",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيَّيْ",
"roman": "yahūdiyyay",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"construct",
"dual",
"informal",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيَّانِ",
"roman": "yahūdiyyāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"dual",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودِيَّانِ",
"roman": "al-yahūdiyyāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"definite",
"dual",
"nominative",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيَّا",
"roman": "yahūdiyyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"construct",
"dual",
"nominative",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيَّيْنِ",
"roman": "yahūdiyyayni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"collective",
"dual",
"indefinite",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودِيَّيْنِ",
"roman": "al-yahūdiyyayni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"collective",
"definite",
"dual",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيَّيْ",
"roman": "yahūdiyyay",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"collective",
"construct",
"dual",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيَّيْنِ",
"roman": "yahūdiyyayni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"dual",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودِيَّيْنِ",
"roman": "al-yahūdiyyayni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"definite",
"dual",
"genitive",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِيَّيْ",
"roman": "yahūdiyyay",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"collective",
"construct",
"dual",
"genitive",
"singulative",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُود",
"roman": "yahūd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"paucal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُود",
"roman": "al-yahūd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"informal",
"paucal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُود",
"roman": "yahūd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"construct",
"informal",
"paucal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودٌ",
"roman": "yahūdun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"paucal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودُ",
"roman": "al-yahūdu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"nominative",
"paucal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودُ",
"roman": "yahūdu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"construct",
"nominative",
"paucal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودًا",
"roman": "yahūdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"broken-form",
"indefinite",
"paucal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودَ",
"roman": "al-yahūda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"paucal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودَ",
"roman": "yahūda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"paucal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودٍ",
"roman": "yahūdin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"paucal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْيَهُودِ",
"roman": "al-yahūdi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"genitive",
"paucal",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "يَهُودِ",
"roman": "yahūdi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"construct",
"genitive",
"paucal",
"triptote"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "يَهُود",
"pauc": "يَهُود",
"sing": "يَهُودِيّ"
},
"name": "ar-decl-coll-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "related to Jews; single Jew",
"roman": "yahūdiyy",
"word": "يَهُودِيّ"
},
{
"roman": "yahūdiyya",
"word": "يَهُودِيَّة"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Arabic collective nouns",
"Arabic terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Jews and Christians say: We are sons of Allah and His loved ones. Say: Why then doth He chastise you for your sins? Nay, ye are but mortals of His creating. He forgiveth whom He will, and chastiseth whom He will. Allah's is the Sovereignty of the heavens and the earth and all that is between them, and unto Him is the journeying.",
"roman": "wa-qālati l-yahūdu wa-n-aṣārā naḥnu ʾabnāʾu llāhi wa-ʾaḥibbāʾuh[ū], qul fa-lima yuʿaḏḏibukum bi-ḏunūbikum, bal ʾantum bašarum-mimman ḵalaq[a], yaġfiru li-man yašāʾu wa-yuʿaḏḏibu man yašāʾ[u], wa-llāhi mulku s-samāwāti wa-l-ʾarḍi wa-mā baynahumā, wa-ʾilayhi l-maṣīr[u]",
"text": "وَقَالَتِ ٱلْيَهُودُ وَٱلنَّصَارَىٰ نَحْنُ أَبْنَاءُ ٱللَّهِ وَأَحِبَّاؤُهُ ۚ قُلْ فَلِمَ يُعَذِّبُكُم بِذُنُوبِكُم ۖ بَلْ أَنتُم بَشَرٌ مِّمَّنْ خَلَقَ ۚ يَغْفِرُ لِمَن يَشَاءُ وَيُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَاءُ ۚ وَلِلَّهِ مُلْكُ ٱلسَّمَاوَاتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا ۖ وَإِلَيْهِ ٱلْمَصِيرُ",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Jews"
],
"links": [
[
"Jews",
"Jew"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collective) Jews"
],
"tags": [
"collective"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ar:يهود"
],
"word": "يهود"
}
{
"categories": [
"Arabic adjective forms",
"Arabic back-formations",
"Arabic collective nouns",
"Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"Arabic feminine nouns",
"Arabic feminine terms lacking feminine ending",
"Arabic lemmas",
"Arabic masculine nouns",
"Arabic non-lemma forms",
"Arabic nouns",
"Arabic nouns with basic triptote broken paucal",
"Arabic nouns with basic triptote collective",
"Arabic nouns with basic triptote singulative",
"Arabic nouns with multiple genders",
"Arabic pluralia tantum",
"Arabic relative adjectives (nisba)",
"Arabic terms suffixed with ي (nisba)",
"Arabic verb forms",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"South Levantine Arabic adjective forms",
"South Levantine Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"South Levantine Arabic non-lemma forms",
"South Levantine Arabic noun forms",
"South Levantine Arabic terms derived from Arabic",
"South Levantine Arabic terms inherited from Arabic",
"South Levantine Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"ar:Judaism"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "يَهُودِيّ",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "back-formation of يَهُودِيّ (yahūdiyy)",
"name": "back-formation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "يَهُود",
"3": "ِيّ",
"id1": "",
"id2": "nisba",
"t1": "Jews",
"tr1": ""
},
"expansion": "يَهُود (yahūd, “Jews”) + ـِيّ (-iyy)",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "يَهُود",
"2": "Jews",
"lc": "1"
},
"expansion": "relative adjective (nisba) composed of يَهُود (yahūd, “Jews”) + ـِيّ (-iyy)",
"name": "ar-etym-nisba"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned back-formation of يَهُودِيّ (yahūdiyy) as if this were relative adjective (nisba) composed of يَهُود (yahūd, “Jews”) + ـِيّ (-iyy).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "يَهُود",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "yahūd",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "yahūdiyy",
"word": "يَهُودِيّ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"masculine plural of يَهُودِيّ (yahūdiyy)"
],
"links": [
[
"يَهُودِيّ",
"يهودي#Arabic"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ar:يهود"
],
"word": "يهود"
}
{
"categories": [
"Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"Arabic non-lemma forms",
"Arabic verb forms",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"South Levantine Arabic adjective forms",
"South Levantine Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"South Levantine Arabic non-lemma forms",
"South Levantine Arabic noun forms",
"South Levantine Arabic terms derived from Arabic",
"South Levantine Arabic terms inherited from Arabic",
"South Levantine Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"ar:Judaism"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "يهود # يَهُودُ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ja.huː.du",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": ": third-person masculine singular non-past active indicative of هَادَ # يَهُودَ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ja.huː.da",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": ": third-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive of هَادَ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "yahūdu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "hāda",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "yahūda",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "+هاد<I>"
},
"expansion": "يهود (form I)\n# يَهُودُ (yahūdu) /ja.huː.du/: third-person masculine singular non-past active indicative of هَادَ (hāda)\n# يَهُودَ (yahūda) /ja.huː.da/: third-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive of هَادَ (hāda)",
"name": "ar-verb form"
}
],
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"tags": [
"form-i",
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ar:يهود"
],
"word": "يهود"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"South Levantine Arabic adjective forms",
"South Levantine Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"South Levantine Arabic non-lemma forms",
"South Levantine Arabic noun forms",
"South Levantine Arabic terms derived from Arabic",
"South Levantine Arabic terms inherited from Arabic",
"South Levantine Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ajp",
"2": "ar",
"3": "يَهُود"
},
"expansion": "Arabic يَهُود (yahūd)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Arabic يَهُود (yahūd).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "yahūd",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ajp",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "p",
"tr": "yahūd"
},
"expansion": "يهود • (yahūd) pl",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "South Levantine Arabic",
"lang_code": "ajp",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "yahūdi, “Jew”",
"word": "يهودي"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of يهودي (yahūdi, “Jew”)"
],
"links": [
[
"يهودي",
"يهودي#South_Levantine_Arabic"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ja.huːd/"
},
{
"ipa": "[jaˈhuːd]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q55633582 (ajp)-AdrianAbdulBaha-يهود.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-AdrianAbdulBaha-%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF.wav/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-AdrianAbdulBaha-%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-AdrianAbdulBaha-%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF.wav/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-AdrianAbdulBaha-%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "يهود"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"South Levantine Arabic adjective forms",
"South Levantine Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"South Levantine Arabic non-lemma forms",
"South Levantine Arabic noun forms",
"South Levantine Arabic terms derived from Arabic",
"South Levantine Arabic terms inherited from Arabic",
"South Levantine Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ajp",
"2": "ar",
"3": "يَهُود"
},
"expansion": "Arabic يَهُود (yahūd)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Arabic يَهُود (yahūd).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "yahūd",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ajp",
"2": "adjective form",
"tr": "yahūd"
},
"expansion": "يهود • (yahūd)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "South Levantine Arabic",
"lang_code": "ajp",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "yahūdi, “Jewish”",
"word": "يهودي"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of يهودي (yahūdi, “Jewish”)"
],
"links": [
[
"يهودي",
"يهودي#South_Levantine_Arabic"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ja.huːd/"
},
{
"ipa": "[jaˈhuːd]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q55633582 (ajp)-AdrianAbdulBaha-يهود.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-AdrianAbdulBaha-%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF.wav/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-AdrianAbdulBaha-%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-AdrianAbdulBaha-%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF.wav/LL-Q55633582_%28ajp%29-AdrianAbdulBaha-%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "يهود"
}
Download raw JSONL data for يهود meaning in All languages combined (18.5kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['canonical']: 'يهود # يَهُودُ' in 'يهود (form I) # يَهُودُ (yahūdu) /ja.huː.du/: third-person masculine singular non-past active indicative of هَادَ (hāda) # يَهُودَ (yahūda) /ja.huː.da/: third-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive of هَادَ (hāda)'",
"path": [
"يهود"
],
"section": "Arabic",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "يهود",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['canonical']: ': third-person masculine singular non-past active indicative of هَادَ # يَهُودَ' in 'يهود (form I) # يَهُودُ (yahūdu) /ja.huː.du/: third-person masculine singular non-past active indicative of هَادَ (hāda) # يَهُودَ (yahūda) /ja.huː.da/: third-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive of هَادَ (hāda)'",
"path": [
"يهود"
],
"section": "Arabic",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "يهود",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['canonical']: ': third-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive of هَادَ' in 'يهود (form I) # يَهُودُ (yahūdu) /ja.huː.du/: third-person masculine singular non-past active indicative of هَادَ (hāda) # يَهُودَ (yahūda) /ja.huː.da/: third-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive of هَادَ (hāda)'",
"path": [
"يهود"
],
"section": "Arabic",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "يهود",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (ce0be54 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.