"فرنگ" meaning in All languages combined

See فرنگ on Wiktionary

Proper name [Persian]

IPA: [fa.ˈɾanɡ] [Classical-Persian], [fä.ɾǽŋɡ] [Dari, formal], [fä.ɾǽŋɡ] [Dari, formal], [fä.ɾǽŋɡ] [Kabuli], [fä.ɾǽŋɡ̥] (note: Hazaragi), [fæ.ɹǽɲɡʲ̥] [Iran, formal], [fä.ɾǽŋɡ] [Tajik, formal] Forms: farang [romanization]
Etymology: From Old French franc. First attested in Safarnama of Nasir Khusrow (written in 1045–1052). Etymology templates: {{bor|fa|fro|franc}} Old French franc Head templates: {{head|fa|proper noun|||||head=|head2=|head3=|head4=|id=|tr=farang|tr2=|tr3=|tr4=}} فرنگ • (farang), {{fa-proper noun|tr=farang}} فرنگ • (farang)
  1. (archaic) Francia Tags: archaic
    Sense id: en-فرنگ-fa-name-a2JRo0vs
  2. (dated) France Tags: dated
    Sense id: en-فرنگ-fa-name-ehyk73UV
  3. (dated) Western world, especially Europe Tags: dated
    Sense id: en-فرنگ-fa-name-IUDk-TSc
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: افرنگ (afrang), فرنک (farank), فرانسه (farânse) [France]

Noun [Persian]

IPA: [fa.ˈɾanɡ] [Classical-Persian], [fä.ɾǽŋɡ] [Dari, formal], [fä.ɾǽŋɡ] [Dari, formal], [fä.ɾǽŋɡ] [Kabuli], [fä.ɾǽŋɡ̥] (note: Hazaragi), [fæ.ɹǽɲɡʲ̥] [Iran, formal], [fä.ɾǽŋɡ] [Tajik, formal] Forms: farang [romanization]
Etymology: From Old French franc. First attested in Safarnama of Nasir Khusrow (written in 1045–1052). Etymology templates: {{bor|fa|fro|franc}} Old French franc Head templates: {{head|fa|noun|||||||f1tr=|f2tr=|f3tr=|head=|head2=|head3=|tr=farang|tr2=|tr3=}} فرنگ • (farang), {{fa-noun|tr=farang}} فرنگ • (farang)
  1. (archaic) Frank, French Tags: archaic
    Sense id: en-فرنگ-fa-noun-TcO2MUL7 Categories (other): Persian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Persian entries with incorrect language header: 6 3 11 37 28 2 12
  2. (archaic) crusader Tags: archaic
    Sense id: en-فرنگ-fa-noun-nwY4~WD-
  3. (archaic, ethnic slur) European Tags: archaic, ethnic, slur
    Sense id: en-فرنگ-fa-noun-3AEXQ9nz Categories (other): Persian ethnic slurs
  4. (archaic) Christian Tags: archaic
    Sense id: en-فرنگ-fa-noun-Z-AIKJPo
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: فرنگی (farangi), فرانسوی (farânsavi) [French], اروپایی (orupâyi) [European], مسیحی (masihi) [Christian], افرنگ (afrang), فرنک (farank) Derived forms: فرنگی (farangi), فرنگستان (farangestân)

Download JSON data for فرنگ meaning in All languages combined (7.9kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "farangi",
      "word": "فرنگی"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "farangestân",
      "word": "فرنگستان"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "→ Hindustani:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hi",
            "2": "फ़िरंग"
          },
          "expansion": "Hindi: फ़िरंग (firaṅg)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Hindi: फ़िरंग (firaṅg)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ur",
            "2": "فرنگ",
            "tr": "farang"
          },
          "expansion": "Urdu: فرنگ (farang)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Urdu: فرنگ (farang)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "km",
            "2": "បារាំង",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Khmer: បារាំង (baarang)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Khmer: បារាំង (baarang)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ps",
            "2": "فرنګ",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "farang"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Pashto: فرنګ (farang)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Pashto: فرنګ (farang)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "th",
            "2": "ฝรั่ง",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Thai: ฝรั่ง (fà-ràng)\n→ English: farang (“westerner who comes to Thailand”)\n→ Lao: ຝະລັ່ງ (fa lang), ຝະຫຼັ່ງ (fa lang)\n→ White Hmong: huablab",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Thai: ฝรั่ง (fà-ràng)\n→ English: farang (“westerner who comes to Thailand”)\n→ Lao: ຝະລັ່ງ (fa lang), ຝະຫຼັ່ງ (fa lang)\n→ White Hmong: huablab"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "franc"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French franc",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French franc.\nFirst attested in Safarnama of Nasir Khusrow (written in 1045–1052).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "farang",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "f1tr": "",
        "f2tr": "",
        "f3tr": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "tr": "farang",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "فرنگ • (farang)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "tr": "farang"
      },
      "expansion": "فرنگ • (farang)",
      "name": "fa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 3 11 37 28 2 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Frank, French"
      ],
      "id": "en-فرنگ-fa-noun-TcO2MUL7",
      "links": [
        [
          "Frank",
          "Frank"
        ],
        [
          "French",
          "French"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) Frank, French"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I was upset from my Damascene friends and went to the desert of Palestine (...), until I was taken as captive by the Franks/Crusaders and they sent me with Jews as forced labourers to Tripoli, [Lebanon].",
          "text": "1184–1291, Saadi, Golestan\nاز صحبت یاران دمشقم ملالتی پدید آمده بود، سر در بیابان قدس نهادم و با حیوانات انس گرفتم تا وقتی که اسیر قید فرنگ شدم و در خندق طرابلس با جهودانم به کارگل داشتند.\naz suhbat-i yârân-i damišqam malâlati padîd âmada bûd, sar dar biyâbân-i quds nahâdam u bâ hayvânât uns giriftam tâ vaqtî ki asîr-i qayd-i farang šudam u dar xandaq-i tarâbulus bâ jahûdânam ba kârgil dâštand.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "crusader"
      ],
      "id": "en-فرنگ-fa-noun-nwY4~WD-",
      "links": [
        [
          "crusader",
          "crusader"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) crusader"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Persian ethnic slurs",
          "parents": [
            "Ethnic slurs",
            "Offensive terms",
            "Terms by usage"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "European"
      ],
      "id": "en-فرنگ-fa-noun-3AEXQ9nz",
      "links": [
        [
          "ethnic",
          "ethnic"
        ],
        [
          "slur",
          "slur"
        ],
        [
          "European",
          "European"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic, ethnic slur) European"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "ethnic",
        "slur"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "text": "1141–1209, Nezami\nفرنگ فلسطین و رهبان روم\nپذیرای فرمان مهرش چو موم\nfarang-i filistîn u rahbân-i rôm\npazîrâ-yi farmân-i mihraš ču môm",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Christian"
      ],
      "id": "en-فرنگ-fa-noun-Z-AIKJPo",
      "links": [
        [
          "Christian",
          "Christian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) Christian"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[fa.ˈɾanɡ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fä.ɾǽŋɡ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fä.ɾǽŋɡ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fä.ɾǽŋɡ]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fä.ɾǽŋɡ̥]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fæ.ɹǽɲɡʲ̥]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fä.ɾǽŋɡ]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "farangi",
      "word": "فرنگی"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "farânsavi",
      "tags": [
        "French"
      ],
      "word": "فرانسوی"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "orupâyi",
      "tags": [
        "European"
      ],
      "word": "اروپایی"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "masihi",
      "tags": [
        "Christian"
      ],
      "word": "مسیحی"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "afrang",
      "word": "افرنگ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "farank",
      "word": "فرنک"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Farang"
  ],
  "word": "فرنگ"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "franc"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French franc",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French franc.\nFirst attested in Safarnama of Nasir Khusrow (written in 1045–1052).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "farang",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "proper noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "head4": "",
        "id": "",
        "tr": "farang",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": "",
        "tr4": ""
      },
      "expansion": "فرنگ • (farang)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "tr": "farang"
      },
      "expansion": "فرنگ • (farang)",
      "name": "fa-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "... there is a place to collect tribute over there through which the ships that come from Rum [Anatolia], Francia, Al-Andalus, and Maghreb pay the tithe [ushr, one-tenth of the earned profit] to the sultan ...",
          "text": "1045–1052, Nasir Khusraw, Safarnama\nباجگاهی است آن جا که کشتی های که از اطراف روم و فرنگ و اندلس و مغرب بیاید عشر به سلطان دهند\nbâjgâhê ast ânjâ ki kaštî-hâ'ê ki az atrâf-i rôm u farang u andalus u mağrib biyâyand ušr ba sultân dahand.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Francia"
      ],
      "id": "en-فرنگ-fa-name-a2JRo0vs",
      "links": [
        [
          "Francia",
          "Francia"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) Francia"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "France"
      ],
      "id": "en-فرنگ-fa-name-ehyk73UV",
      "links": [
        [
          "France",
          "France"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(dated) France"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dated"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "Western world, especially Europe"
      ],
      "id": "en-فرنگ-fa-name-IUDk-TSc",
      "links": [
        [
          "Western world",
          "Western world"
        ],
        [
          "Europe",
          "Europe"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(dated) Western world, especially Europe"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dated"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[fa.ˈɾanɡ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fä.ɾǽŋɡ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fä.ɾǽŋɡ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fä.ɾǽŋɡ]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fä.ɾǽŋɡ̥]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fæ.ɹǽɲɡʲ̥]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fä.ɾǽŋɡ]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "afrang",
      "word": "افرنگ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "farank",
      "word": "فرنک"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "farânse",
      "tags": [
        "France"
      ],
      "word": "فرانسه"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Farang"
  ],
  "word": "فرنگ"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Persian lemmas",
    "Persian nouns",
    "Persian proper nouns",
    "Persian terms borrowed from Old French",
    "Persian terms derived from Old French",
    "Persian terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "farangi",
      "word": "فرنگی"
    },
    {
      "roman": "farangestân",
      "word": "فرنگستان"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "→ Hindustani:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hi",
            "2": "फ़िरंग"
          },
          "expansion": "Hindi: फ़िरंग (firaṅg)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Hindi: फ़िरंग (firaṅg)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ur",
            "2": "فرنگ",
            "tr": "farang"
          },
          "expansion": "Urdu: فرنگ (farang)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Urdu: فرنگ (farang)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "km",
            "2": "បារាំង",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Khmer: បារាំង (baarang)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Khmer: បារាំង (baarang)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ps",
            "2": "فرنګ",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "farang"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Pashto: فرنګ (farang)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Pashto: فرنګ (farang)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "th",
            "2": "ฝรั่ง",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Thai: ฝรั่ง (fà-ràng)\n→ English: farang (“westerner who comes to Thailand”)\n→ Lao: ຝະລັ່ງ (fa lang), ຝະຫຼັ່ງ (fa lang)\n→ White Hmong: huablab",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Thai: ฝรั่ง (fà-ràng)\n→ English: farang (“westerner who comes to Thailand”)\n→ Lao: ຝະລັ່ງ (fa lang), ຝະຫຼັ່ງ (fa lang)\n→ White Hmong: huablab"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "franc"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French franc",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French franc.\nFirst attested in Safarnama of Nasir Khusrow (written in 1045–1052).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "farang",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "f1tr": "",
        "f2tr": "",
        "f3tr": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "tr": "farang",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "فرنگ • (farang)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "tr": "farang"
      },
      "expansion": "فرنگ • (farang)",
      "name": "fa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Persian terms with archaic senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Frank, French"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Frank",
          "Frank"
        ],
        [
          "French",
          "French"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) Frank, French"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Persian terms with archaic senses",
        "Persian terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I was upset from my Damascene friends and went to the desert of Palestine (...), until I was taken as captive by the Franks/Crusaders and they sent me with Jews as forced labourers to Tripoli, [Lebanon].",
          "text": "1184–1291, Saadi, Golestan\nاز صحبت یاران دمشقم ملالتی پدید آمده بود، سر در بیابان قدس نهادم و با حیوانات انس گرفتم تا وقتی که اسیر قید فرنگ شدم و در خندق طرابلس با جهودانم به کارگل داشتند.\naz suhbat-i yârân-i damišqam malâlati padîd âmada bûd, sar dar biyâbân-i quds nahâdam u bâ hayvânât uns giriftam tâ vaqtî ki asîr-i qayd-i farang šudam u dar xandaq-i tarâbulus bâ jahûdânam ba kârgil dâštand.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "crusader"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "crusader",
          "crusader"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) crusader"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Persian ethnic slurs",
        "Persian terms with archaic senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "European"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ethnic",
          "ethnic"
        ],
        [
          "slur",
          "slur"
        ],
        [
          "European",
          "European"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic, ethnic slur) European"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "ethnic",
        "slur"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Persian terms with archaic senses",
        "Persian terms with quotations",
        "Requests for translations of Persian quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "text": "1141–1209, Nezami\nفرنگ فلسطین و رهبان روم\nپذیرای فرمان مهرش چو موم\nfarang-i filistîn u rahbân-i rôm\npazîrâ-yi farmân-i mihraš ču môm",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Christian"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Christian",
          "Christian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) Christian"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[fa.ˈɾanɡ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fä.ɾǽŋɡ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fä.ɾǽŋɡ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fä.ɾǽŋɡ]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fä.ɾǽŋɡ̥]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fæ.ɹǽɲɡʲ̥]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fä.ɾǽŋɡ]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "farangi",
      "word": "فرنگی"
    },
    {
      "roman": "farânsavi",
      "tags": [
        "French"
      ],
      "word": "فرانسوی"
    },
    {
      "roman": "orupâyi",
      "tags": [
        "European"
      ],
      "word": "اروپایی"
    },
    {
      "roman": "masihi",
      "tags": [
        "Christian"
      ],
      "word": "مسیحی"
    },
    {
      "roman": "afrang",
      "word": "افرنگ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "farank",
      "word": "فرنک"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Farang"
  ],
  "word": "فرنگ"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Persian lemmas",
    "Persian nouns",
    "Persian proper nouns",
    "Persian terms borrowed from Old French",
    "Persian terms derived from Old French",
    "Persian terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "franc"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French franc",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French franc.\nFirst attested in Safarnama of Nasir Khusrow (written in 1045–1052).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "farang",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "proper noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "head4": "",
        "id": "",
        "tr": "farang",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": "",
        "tr4": ""
      },
      "expansion": "فرنگ • (farang)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "tr": "farang"
      },
      "expansion": "فرنگ • (farang)",
      "name": "fa-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Persian terms with archaic senses",
        "Persian terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "... there is a place to collect tribute over there through which the ships that come from Rum [Anatolia], Francia, Al-Andalus, and Maghreb pay the tithe [ushr, one-tenth of the earned profit] to the sultan ...",
          "text": "1045–1052, Nasir Khusraw, Safarnama\nباجگاهی است آن جا که کشتی های که از اطراف روم و فرنگ و اندلس و مغرب بیاید عشر به سلطان دهند\nbâjgâhê ast ânjâ ki kaštî-hâ'ê ki az atrâf-i rôm u farang u andalus u mağrib biyâyand ušr ba sultân dahand.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Francia"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Francia",
          "Francia"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) Francia"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Persian dated terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "France"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "France",
          "France"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(dated) France"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dated"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Persian dated terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Western world, especially Europe"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Western world",
          "Western world"
        ],
        [
          "Europe",
          "Europe"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(dated) Western world, especially Europe"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dated"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[fa.ˈɾanɡ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fä.ɾǽŋɡ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fä.ɾǽŋɡ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fä.ɾǽŋɡ]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fä.ɾǽŋɡ̥]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fæ.ɹǽɲɡʲ̥]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fä.ɾǽŋɡ]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "farânse",
      "tags": [
        "France"
      ],
      "word": "فرانسه"
    },
    {
      "roman": "afrang",
      "word": "افرنگ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "farank",
      "word": "فرنک"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Farang"
  ],
  "word": "فرنگ"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.