See زمستان on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*jimáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *jimáh",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Iranian *jimáh.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "zemestân",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "noun",
"tr": "zemestân"
},
"expansion": "زمستان • (zemestân)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Baluchi",
"lang_code": "bal",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Baluchi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "49 49 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 49 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"winter"
],
"id": "en-زمستان-bal-noun-MMVGH8J7",
"links": [
[
"winter",
"winter"
]
]
}
],
"word": "زمستان"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "ઝમિસ્થાન",
"pclq": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Gujarati: ઝમિસ્થાન (jhamisthān) (partial calque)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Gujarati: ઝમિસ્થાન (jhamisthān) (partial calque)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "xme-old"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"sc": "Latn",
"tr": "ẕmstʾn'",
"ts": "zamestān"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [Term?] (ẕmstʾn' /zamestān/)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*jimáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *jimáh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*stā́nam"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *stā́nam",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*ȷ́ʰimás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰimás",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰéyōm",
"4": "*ǵʰimós",
"5": "cold, frost"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰimós (“cold, frost”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "zivistan"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish zivistan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "зымӕг"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian зымӕг (zymæg)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬰𐬌𐬌𐬃"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬰𐬌𐬌𐬃 (ziiā̊)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hiems"
},
"expansion": "Latin hiems",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "हिम",
"tr": "himá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit हिम (himá)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "ژمی",
"tr": "žaməy"
},
"expansion": "Pashto ژمی (žaməy)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "زمی",
"tr": "zaməy"
},
"expansion": "Pashto زمی (zaməy)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian [Term?] (ẕmstʾn' /zamestān/), from Proto-Iranian *jimáh + Proto-Iranian *stā́nam (whence the suffix, ـِستَان (-estân, “-stan”)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰimás, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰimós (“cold, frost”).\nCognate with Northern Kurdish zivistan, Ossetian зымӕг (zymæg), Avestan 𐬰𐬌𐬌𐬃 (ziiā̊), Latin hiems, Sanskrit हिम (himá), Pashto ژمی (žaməy) / Pashto زمی (zaməy).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "zemestân",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "زمستانها",
"roman": "zemestân-hâ",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "زمستانها",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "zemestân-hâ",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "zemestân",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "زمستان • (zemestân) (plural زمستانها (zemestân-hâ))",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "زمستانها",
"tr": "zemestân"
},
"expansion": "زمستان • (zemestân) (plural زمستانها (zemestân-hâ))",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fa",
"name": "Seasons",
"orig": "fa:Seasons",
"parents": [
"Nature",
"Periodic occurrences",
"All topics",
"Time",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "49 49 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 49 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "zemestâni",
"word": "زمستانی"
},
{
"roman": "čelle-ye zemestân",
"word": "چلهی زمستان"
}
],
"glosses": [
"winter"
],
"id": "en-زمستان-fa-noun-MMVGH8J7",
"links": [
[
"winter",
"winter"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "zam",
"word": "زم"
},
{
"roman": "-estân",
"word": "ـستان"
},
{
"english": "spring",
"roman": "bahâr",
"word": "بَهار"
},
{
"english": "summer",
"roman": "tâbestân",
"word": "تابِسْتان"
},
{
"english": "autumn",
"roman": "pâyiz",
"word": "پاییز"
},
{
"english": "winter",
"roman": "zemestân",
"word": "زِمِسْتان"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "zemestun",
"word": "زمستون"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[za.mis.tɑːn]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[zɪ.mɪs.t̪ʰɑːn]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[zɪ.mɪs.t̪ʰɑːn]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[zɪ.mɪs.t̪ʰɑːn]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[zi.mis.t̪ʰɔːn]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ze.mes.t̪ʰɒːn]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ze.mes.t̪ʰɒːn]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ze.mes.t̪ʰuːn]",
"tags": [
"Tehrani"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[zi.mis.t̪ʰɔn]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "زمستان"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "زمستان",
"tr": "zamistān"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian زمستان (zamistān)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian زمستان (zamistān).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "zimastān",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "zamistān",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ज़िमस्तान",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"hi": "ज़िमस्तान",
"tr": "zimastān, zamistān"
},
"expansion": "زمستان • (zimastān, zamistān) m (Hindi spelling ज़िमस्तान)",
"name": "ur-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"winter"
],
"id": "en-زمستان-ur-noun-MMVGH8J7",
"links": [
[
"winter",
"winter"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 54 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wisdom"
],
"id": "en-زمستان-ur-noun-fGi3DOpV",
"links": [
[
"wisdom",
"wisdom"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"science"
],
"id": "en-زمستان-ur-noun-eQ-tR0Sp",
"links": [
[
"science",
"science"
]
]
}
],
"word": "زمستان"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*jimáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *jimáh",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Iranian *jimáh.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "zemestân",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "noun",
"tr": "zemestân"
},
"expansion": "زمستان • (zemestân)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Baluchi",
"lang_code": "bal",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Baluchi entries with incorrect language header",
"Baluchi lemmas",
"Baluchi nouns",
"Baluchi terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Baluchi terms inherited from Proto-Iranian",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"winter"
],
"links": [
[
"winter",
"winter"
]
]
}
],
"word": "زمستان"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "zemestâni",
"word": "زمستانی"
},
{
"roman": "čelle-ye zemestân",
"word": "چلهی زمستان"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "ઝમિસ્થાન",
"pclq": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Gujarati: ઝમિસ્થાન (jhamisthān) (partial calque)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Gujarati: ઝમિસ્થાન (jhamisthān) (partial calque)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "xme-old"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"sc": "Latn",
"tr": "ẕmstʾn'",
"ts": "zamestān"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [Term?] (ẕmstʾn' /zamestān/)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*jimáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *jimáh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*stā́nam"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *stā́nam",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*ȷ́ʰimás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰimás",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰéyōm",
"4": "*ǵʰimós",
"5": "cold, frost"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰimós (“cold, frost”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "zivistan"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish zivistan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "зымӕг"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian зымӕг (zymæg)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬰𐬌𐬌𐬃"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬰𐬌𐬌𐬃 (ziiā̊)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hiems"
},
"expansion": "Latin hiems",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "हिम",
"tr": "himá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit हिम (himá)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "ژمی",
"tr": "žaməy"
},
"expansion": "Pashto ژمی (žaməy)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "زمی",
"tr": "zaməy"
},
"expansion": "Pashto زمی (zaməy)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian [Term?] (ẕmstʾn' /zamestān/), from Proto-Iranian *jimáh + Proto-Iranian *stā́nam (whence the suffix, ـِستَان (-estân, “-stan”)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰimás, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰimós (“cold, frost”).\nCognate with Northern Kurdish zivistan, Ossetian зымӕг (zymæg), Avestan 𐬰𐬌𐬌𐬃 (ziiā̊), Latin hiems, Sanskrit हिम (himá), Pashto ژمی (žaməy) / Pashto زمی (zaməy).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "zemestân",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "زمستانها",
"roman": "zemestân-hâ",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "زمستانها",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "zemestân-hâ",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "zemestân",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "زمستان • (zemestân) (plural زمستانها (zemestân-hâ))",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "زمستانها",
"tr": "zemestân"
},
"expansion": "زمستان • (zemestân) (plural زمستانها (zemestân-hâ))",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "zam",
"word": "زم"
},
{
"roman": "-estân",
"word": "ـستان"
},
{
"english": "spring",
"roman": "bahâr",
"word": "بَهار"
},
{
"english": "summer",
"roman": "tâbestân",
"word": "تابِسْتان"
},
{
"english": "autumn",
"roman": "pâyiz",
"word": "پاییز"
},
{
"english": "winter",
"roman": "zemestân",
"word": "زِمِسْتان"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle Persian term requests",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Old Median",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"fa:Seasons"
],
"glosses": [
"winter"
],
"links": [
[
"winter",
"winter"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[za.mis.tɑːn]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[zɪ.mɪs.t̪ʰɑːn]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[zɪ.mɪs.t̪ʰɑːn]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[zɪ.mɪs.t̪ʰɑːn]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[zi.mis.t̪ʰɔːn]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ze.mes.t̪ʰɒːn]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ze.mes.t̪ʰɒːn]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ze.mes.t̪ʰuːn]",
"tags": [
"Tehrani"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[zi.mis.t̪ʰɔn]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "zemestun",
"word": "زمستون"
}
],
"word": "زمستان"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"Urdu lemmas",
"Urdu masculine nouns",
"Urdu nouns",
"Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian",
"Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian",
"Urdu terms with redundant head parameter"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "زمستان",
"tr": "zamistān"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian زمستان (zamistān)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian زمستان (zamistān).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "zimastān",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "zamistān",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ज़िमस्तान",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"hi": "ज़िमस्तान",
"tr": "zimastān, zamistān"
},
"expansion": "زمستان • (zimastān, zamistān) m (Hindi spelling ज़िमस्तान)",
"name": "ur-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"winter"
],
"links": [
[
"winter",
"winter"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"wisdom"
],
"links": [
[
"wisdom",
"wisdom"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"science"
],
"links": [
[
"science",
"science"
]
]
}
],
"word": "زمستان"
}
Download raw JSONL data for زمستان meaning in All languages combined (6.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.