See خام on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "fa",
"3": "خام",
"t": "raw",
"tr": "xâm"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Persian خام (xâm, “raw”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Persian خام (xâm, “raw”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "خَام",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ḵām",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ar-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "خَام",
"roman": "ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"informal",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَام",
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"tags": [
"definite",
"informal",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَام",
"roman": "ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَام",
"roman": "al-ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٌ",
"roman": "ḵāmun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامُ",
"roman": "al-ḵāmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٌ",
"roman": "ḵāmun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامُ",
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"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامًا",
"roman": "ḵāman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامَ",
"roman": "al-ḵāma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامًا",
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"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامَ",
"roman": "al-ḵāma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٍ",
"roman": "ḵāmin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامِ",
"roman": "al-ḵāmi",
"source": "declension",
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"definite",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
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]
},
{
"form": "خَامٍ",
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"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامِ",
"roman": "al-ḵāmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَام",
"roman": "ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَام",
"roman": "al-ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"informal",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَام",
"roman": "ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَام",
"roman": "al-ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"feminine",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٌ",
"roman": "ḵāmun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامُ",
"roman": "al-ḵāmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٌ",
"roman": "ḵāmun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامُ",
"roman": "al-ḵāmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامًا",
"roman": "ḵāman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامَ",
"roman": "al-ḵāma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"dual",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامًا",
"roman": "ḵāman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامَ",
"roman": "al-ḵāma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"dual",
"feminine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٍ",
"roman": "ḵāmin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامِ",
"roman": "al-ḵāmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٍ",
"roman": "ḵāmin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامِ",
"roman": "al-ḵāmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَام",
"roman": "ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"masculine",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَام",
"roman": "al-ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"informal",
"masculine",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَام",
"roman": "ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَام",
"roman": "al-ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"feminine",
"informal",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٌ",
"roman": "ḵāmun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامُ",
"roman": "al-ḵāmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٌ",
"roman": "ḵāmun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامُ",
"roman": "al-ḵāmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامًا",
"roman": "ḵāman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"broken-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامَ",
"roman": "al-ḵāma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامًا",
"roman": "ḵāman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"broken-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامَ",
"roman": "al-ḵāma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"feminine",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٍ",
"roman": "ḵāmin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامِ",
"roman": "al-ḵāmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٍ",
"roman": "ḵāmin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامِ",
"roman": "al-ḵāmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "خَام"
},
"expansion": "خَام • (ḵām)",
"name": "ar-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "خَام",
"d": "خَام:tri",
"f": "خَام",
"fd": "خَام:tri",
"fpl": "خَام",
"pl": "خَام"
},
"name": "ar-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic adjectives with basic triptote broken plural",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic adjectives with basic triptote dual",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic adjectives with basic triptote singular",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic adjectives with broken plural",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"raw, crude, unprocessed"
],
"id": "en-خام-ar-adj-FkvHW0~y",
"links": [
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"crude",
"crude"
],
[
"unprocessed",
"unprocessed"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xaːm/"
}
],
"word": "خام"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "rawness; unripeness",
"roman": "hamlık",
"word": "خاملق"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ham"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: ham",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: ham"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "fa",
"3": "خام",
"t": "raw",
"tr": "xâm"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Persian خام (xâm, “raw”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Persian خام (xâm, “raw”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ham",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"10": "",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"f4tr": "",
"ftr": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "ham"
},
"expansion": "خام • (ham)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "ham"
},
"expansion": "خام • (ham)",
"name": "ota-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 14 5 26 12 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ottoman Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"raw, uncooked, not cooked"
],
"id": "en-خام-ota-adj-yioHniW7",
"links": [
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"uncooked",
"uncooked"
],
[
"cook",
"cook"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "چیك"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 14 5 26 12 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ottoman Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"raw, crude, unrefined"
],
"id": "en-خام-ota-adj-s0wk7k4K",
"links": [
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"crude",
"crude"
],
[
"unrefined",
"unrefined"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"unripe, immature, green"
],
"id": "en-خام-ota-adj-FHD4KX5V",
"links": [
[
"unripe",
"unripe"
],
[
"immature",
"immature"
],
[
"green",
"green"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 14 5 26 12 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ottoman Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 1 15 6 17 4 13 0 5 12 11 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 0 18 4 20 3 16 0 3 13 12 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"untrained, unaccustomed to work"
],
"id": "en-خام-ota-adj-NSXO0pAK",
"links": [
[
"untrained",
"untrained"
],
[
"unaccustomed",
"unaccustomed"
],
[
"work",
"work"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 14 5 26 12 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ottoman Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inexperienced, raw, unseasoned"
],
"id": "en-خام-ota-adj-J7lqUz5W",
"links": [
[
"inexperienced",
"inexperienced"
],
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"unseasoned",
"unseasoned"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 14 5 26 12 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ottoman Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 1 15 6 17 4 13 0 5 12 11 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 0 18 4 20 3 16 0 3 13 12 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ill-considered, unreasonable"
],
"id": "en-خام-ota-adj-1XV~WtME",
"links": [
[
"ill-considered",
"ill-considered"
],
[
"unreasonable",
"unreasonable"
]
]
}
],
"word": "خام"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "fa",
"3": "خام",
"tr": "xâm"
},
"expansion": "Persian خام (xâm)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "اوم",
"tr1": "um"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of اوم (um)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Persian خام (xâm). Doublet of اوم (um) which was inherited.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xâm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "adjective",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "xâm"
},
"expansion": "خام • (xâm)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "xâm"
},
"expansion": "خام • (xâm)",
"name": "ps-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Pashto",
"lang_code": "ps",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"raw, uncooked (of food)"
],
"id": "en-خام-ps-adj-e0VKd6dY",
"links": [
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"uncooked",
"uncooked"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 6 1 15 6 17 4 13 0 5 12 11 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 0 18 4 20 3 16 0 3 13 12 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 68 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pashto entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"unpaved (of a road)"
],
"id": "en-خام-ps-adj-555rVmjl",
"links": [
[
"unpaved",
"unpaved"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"unripe (of fruit)"
],
"id": "en-خام-ps-adj-UCycR7GU",
"links": [
[
"unripe",
"unripe"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xɑm/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "اوم"
}
],
"word": "خام"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "خَام",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: خَام (ḵām)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Arabic: خَام (ḵām)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "xam",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: xam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: xam"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ka",
"2": "ხამი",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Georgian: ხამი (xami)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Georgian: ხამი (xami)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "خام",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "ham"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: خام (ham)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: خام (ham)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ham"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: ham",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: ham"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "խամ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Armenian: խամ (xam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Armenian: խամ (xam)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "خام",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "xâm"
},
"expansion": "→ Pashto: خام (xâm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Pashto: خام (xâm)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "xom",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Uzbek: xom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Uzbek: xom"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "",
"t": "crude, raw",
"tr": "hʾm",
"ts": "xām"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [script needed] (hʾm /xām/, “crude, raw”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*HaHmáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *HaHmáh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂eh₃mós",
"t": "raw, uncooked"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₃mós (“raw, uncooked”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "هامَگ",
"t": "crude, raw, unripe",
"tr": "hāmag"
},
"expansion": "Baluchi هامَگ (hāmag, “crude, raw, unripe”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "اوم",
"t": "raw, uncooked",
"tr": "um"
},
"expansion": "Pashto اوم (um, “raw, uncooked”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "आम",
"t": "raw, uncooked"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit आम (āma, “raw, uncooked”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὠμός",
"t": "raw, crude"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ὠμός (ōmós, “raw, crude”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian [script needed] (hʾm /xām/, “crude, raw”), from Proto-Iranian *HaHmáh, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₃mós (“raw, uncooked”). Cognate with Baluchi هامَگ (hāmag, “crude, raw, unripe”), Pashto اوم (um, “raw, uncooked”), Sanskrit आम (āma, “raw, uncooked”), Ancient Greek ὠμός (ōmós, “raw, crude”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xâm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "خامتَر",
"roman": "xâm-tar",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "خامتَرین",
"roman": "xâm-tarin",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"c": "+",
"tr": "xâm"
},
"expansion": "خام • (xâm) (comparative خامتَر (xâm-tar), superlative خامتَرین (xâm-tarin))",
"name": "fa-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 31 28 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "raw meat",
"roman": "gušt-e xâm",
"text": "گوشت خام",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "raw rubber",
"roman": "lâstik-e xâm",
"text": "لاستیک خام",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "raw ore",
"roman": "sang-e xâm",
"text": "سنگ خام",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "unrefined sugar",
"roman": "šekar-e xâm",
"text": "شکر خام",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "At the end you will depart incomplete, your affairs marred and your bread unbaked.",
"ref": "c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume III, verse 129:",
"roman": "'âqebat to raft xâhi nâtamâm\nkâr-hâ-yat abtar o nân-e to xâm",
"text": "عاقبت تو رفت خواهی ناتمام\nکارهاات ابتر و نان تو خام",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"raw; crude; uncooked; unrefined"
],
"id": "en-خام-fa-adj-hDwhfTWg",
"links": [
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"crude",
"crude"
],
[
"uncooked",
"uncooked"
],
[
"unrefined",
"unrefined"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 1 15 6 17 4 13 0 5 12 11 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 0 18 4 20 3 16 0 3 13 12 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 31 28 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "inexperienced young man/woman",
"roman": "javân-e xâm",
"text": "جوان خام",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "He turns the bridle in every direction in order that the untrained horse may gain knowledge of the rider.",
"ref": "c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume III, verse 4457:",
"roman": "z-ân be-gardânad be har su ân legâm\ntâ xabar yâbad ze fâres asp-e xâm",
"text": "زان بگرداند به هر سو آن لگام\nتا خبر یابد ز فارس اسپ خام",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fresh; green; inexperienced, untrained"
],
"id": "en-خام-fa-adj-qDSOMhz0",
"links": [
[
"fresh",
"fresh"
],
[
"green",
"green"
],
[
"inexperienced",
"inexperienced"
],
[
"untrained",
"untrained"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative)",
"fresh; green; inexperienced, untrained"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 1 15 6 17 4 13 0 5 12 11 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 0 18 4 20 3 16 0 3 13 12 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 31 28 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "idle wish",
"roman": "ârezu-ye xâm",
"text": "آرزوی خام",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "\"I said,\" cried [the lion], \"that the promise of those vile ones would be vain—vain and frail and unfulfilled.\"",
"ref": "c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 1057:",
"roman": "goft man goftam ke 'ahd-e ân xasân\nxâm bâšad, xâm o sost o nâresân",
"text": "گفت من گفتم که عهد آن خسان\nخام باشد خام و سست و نارسان",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vain; idle (of thoughts, etc.)"
],
"id": "en-خام-fa-adj-9vM4mk0~",
"links": [
[
"vain",
"vain"
],
[
"idle",
"idle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative)",
"vain; idle (of thoughts, etc.)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 31 28 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "bungled work",
"roman": "kâr-e xâm",
"text": "کار خام",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "There was a girl, Pōrān by name;\nWhen a woman has become king, affairs have gone bungled.\n[But] she was placed on the royal throne,\nAnd the great ones scattered jewels upon her.",
"ref": "c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The Reign of Pōrān Dukht”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings]:",
"roman": "yakē duxtarē būd pōrān ba nām\nčū zan šāh šud kār-hā gašt xām\nbar ān taxt-i šāhī-š binišāndand\nbuzurgān bar ō gawhar afšāndand",
"text": "یکی دختری بود پوران بنام\nچو زن شاه شد کارها گشت خام\nبران تخت شاهیش بنشاندند\nبزرگان برو گوهر افشاندند",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bungled, unfinished, poor in quality"
],
"id": "en-خام-fa-adj-ce0ocV1O",
"links": [
[
"bungled",
"bungled"
],
[
"unfinished",
"unfinished"
],
[
"poor",
"poor"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative)",
"bungled, unfinished, poor in quality"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[xɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xɔːm]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[xɒːm]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[χɔm]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "خام"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "xām",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "psi",
"2": "noun",
"tr": "xām"
},
"expansion": "خام (xām)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Southeast Pashayi",
"lang_code": "psi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southeast Pashayi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"boy"
],
"id": "en-خام-psi-noun-zGp3hATq",
"links": [
[
"boy",
"boy"
]
]
}
],
"word": "خام"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "fa",
"3": "خام",
"t": "raw",
"tr": "xâm"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Persian خام (xâm, “raw”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Persian خام (xâm, “raw”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "خَام",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ḵām",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ar-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "خَام",
"roman": "ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"informal",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَام",
"roman": "al-ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"informal",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَام",
"roman": "ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَام",
"roman": "al-ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٌ",
"roman": "ḵāmun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامُ",
"roman": "al-ḵāmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٌ",
"roman": "ḵāmun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامُ",
"roman": "al-ḵāmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامًا",
"roman": "ḵāman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامَ",
"roman": "al-ḵāma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامًا",
"roman": "ḵāman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامَ",
"roman": "al-ḵāma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٍ",
"roman": "ḵāmin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامِ",
"roman": "al-ḵāmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٍ",
"roman": "ḵāmin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامِ",
"roman": "al-ḵāmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَام",
"roman": "ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَام",
"roman": "al-ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"informal",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَام",
"roman": "ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَام",
"roman": "al-ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"feminine",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٌ",
"roman": "ḵāmun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامُ",
"roman": "al-ḵāmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٌ",
"roman": "ḵāmun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامُ",
"roman": "al-ḵāmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامًا",
"roman": "ḵāman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامَ",
"roman": "al-ḵāma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"dual",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامًا",
"roman": "ḵāman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامَ",
"roman": "al-ḵāma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"dual",
"feminine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٍ",
"roman": "ḵāmin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامِ",
"roman": "al-ḵāmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٍ",
"roman": "ḵāmin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامِ",
"roman": "al-ḵāmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَام",
"roman": "ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"masculine",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَام",
"roman": "al-ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"informal",
"masculine",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَام",
"roman": "ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَام",
"roman": "al-ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"feminine",
"informal",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٌ",
"roman": "ḵāmun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامُ",
"roman": "al-ḵāmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٌ",
"roman": "ḵāmun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامُ",
"roman": "al-ḵāmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامًا",
"roman": "ḵāman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"broken-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامَ",
"roman": "al-ḵāma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامًا",
"roman": "ḵāman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"broken-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامَ",
"roman": "al-ḵāma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"feminine",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٍ",
"roman": "ḵāmin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامِ",
"roman": "al-ḵāmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٍ",
"roman": "ḵāmin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامِ",
"roman": "al-ḵāmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "خَام"
},
"expansion": "خَام • (ḵām)",
"name": "ar-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "خَام",
"d": "خَام:tri",
"f": "خَام",
"fd": "خَام:tri",
"fpl": "خَام",
"pl": "خَام"
},
"name": "ar-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Arabic 1-syllable words",
"Arabic adjectives",
"Arabic adjectives with basic triptote broken plural",
"Arabic adjectives with basic triptote dual",
"Arabic adjectives with basic triptote singular",
"Arabic adjectives with broken plural",
"Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"Arabic lemmas",
"Arabic terms borrowed from Persian",
"Arabic terms derived from Persian",
"Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"raw, crude, unprocessed"
],
"links": [
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"crude",
"crude"
],
[
"unprocessed",
"unprocessed"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xaːm/"
}
],
"word": "خام"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ottoman Turkish adjectives",
"Ottoman Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Ottoman Turkish lemmas",
"Ottoman Turkish terms borrowed from Persian",
"Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Persian",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "rawness; unripeness",
"roman": "hamlık",
"word": "خاملق"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ham"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: ham",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: ham"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "fa",
"3": "خام",
"t": "raw",
"tr": "xâm"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Persian خام (xâm, “raw”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Persian خام (xâm, “raw”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ham",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"10": "",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"f4tr": "",
"ftr": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "ham"
},
"expansion": "خام • (ham)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "ham"
},
"expansion": "خام • (ham)",
"name": "ota-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"raw, uncooked, not cooked"
],
"links": [
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"uncooked",
"uncooked"
],
[
"cook",
"cook"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "چیك"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"raw, crude, unrefined"
],
"links": [
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"crude",
"crude"
],
[
"unrefined",
"unrefined"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"unripe, immature, green"
],
"links": [
[
"unripe",
"unripe"
],
[
"immature",
"immature"
],
[
"green",
"green"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"untrained, unaccustomed to work"
],
"links": [
[
"untrained",
"untrained"
],
[
"unaccustomed",
"unaccustomed"
],
[
"work",
"work"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"inexperienced, raw, unseasoned"
],
"links": [
[
"inexperienced",
"inexperienced"
],
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"unseasoned",
"unseasoned"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ill-considered, unreasonable"
],
"links": [
[
"ill-considered",
"ill-considered"
],
[
"unreasonable",
"unreasonable"
]
]
}
],
"word": "خام"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pashto adjectives",
"Pashto doublets",
"Pashto entries with incorrect language header",
"Pashto lemmas",
"Pashto terms borrowed from Persian",
"Pashto terms derived from Persian"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "fa",
"3": "خام",
"tr": "xâm"
},
"expansion": "Persian خام (xâm)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "اوم",
"tr1": "um"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of اوم (um)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Persian خام (xâm). Doublet of اوم (um) which was inherited.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xâm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "adjective",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "xâm"
},
"expansion": "خام • (xâm)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "xâm"
},
"expansion": "خام • (xâm)",
"name": "ps-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Pashto",
"lang_code": "ps",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"raw, uncooked (of food)"
],
"links": [
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"uncooked",
"uncooked"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"unpaved (of a road)"
],
"links": [
[
"unpaved",
"unpaved"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"unripe (of fruit)"
],
"links": [
[
"unripe",
"unripe"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xɑm/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "اوم"
}
],
"word": "خام"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian adjectives",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Requests for native script for Middle Persian terms"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "خَام",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: خَام (ḵām)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Arabic: خَام (ḵām)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "xam",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: xam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: xam"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ka",
"2": "ხამი",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Georgian: ხამი (xami)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Georgian: ხამი (xami)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "خام",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "ham"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: خام (ham)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: خام (ham)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ham"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: ham",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: ham"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "խամ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Armenian: խամ (xam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Armenian: խամ (xam)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "خام",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "xâm"
},
"expansion": "→ Pashto: خام (xâm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Pashto: خام (xâm)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "xom",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Uzbek: xom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Uzbek: xom"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "",
"t": "crude, raw",
"tr": "hʾm",
"ts": "xām"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [script needed] (hʾm /xām/, “crude, raw”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*HaHmáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *HaHmáh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂eh₃mós",
"t": "raw, uncooked"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₃mós (“raw, uncooked”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "هامَگ",
"t": "crude, raw, unripe",
"tr": "hāmag"
},
"expansion": "Baluchi هامَگ (hāmag, “crude, raw, unripe”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "اوم",
"t": "raw, uncooked",
"tr": "um"
},
"expansion": "Pashto اوم (um, “raw, uncooked”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "आम",
"t": "raw, uncooked"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit आम (āma, “raw, uncooked”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὠμός",
"t": "raw, crude"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ὠμός (ōmós, “raw, crude”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian [script needed] (hʾm /xām/, “crude, raw”), from Proto-Iranian *HaHmáh, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₃mós (“raw, uncooked”). Cognate with Baluchi هامَگ (hāmag, “crude, raw, unripe”), Pashto اوم (um, “raw, uncooked”), Sanskrit आम (āma, “raw, uncooked”), Ancient Greek ὠμός (ōmós, “raw, crude”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xâm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "خامتَر",
"roman": "xâm-tar",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "خامتَرین",
"roman": "xâm-tarin",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"c": "+",
"tr": "xâm"
},
"expansion": "خام • (xâm) (comparative خامتَر (xâm-tar), superlative خامتَرین (xâm-tarin))",
"name": "fa-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with collocations",
"Persian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "raw meat",
"roman": "gušt-e xâm",
"text": "گوشت خام",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "raw rubber",
"roman": "lâstik-e xâm",
"text": "لاستیک خام",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "raw ore",
"roman": "sang-e xâm",
"text": "سنگ خام",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "unrefined sugar",
"roman": "šekar-e xâm",
"text": "شکر خام",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "At the end you will depart incomplete, your affairs marred and your bread unbaked.",
"ref": "c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume III, verse 129:",
"roman": "'âqebat to raft xâhi nâtamâm\nkâr-hâ-yat abtar o nân-e to xâm",
"text": "عاقبت تو رفت خواهی ناتمام\nکارهاات ابتر و نان تو خام",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"raw; crude; uncooked; unrefined"
],
"links": [
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"crude",
"crude"
],
[
"uncooked",
"uncooked"
],
[
"unrefined",
"unrefined"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with collocations",
"Persian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "inexperienced young man/woman",
"roman": "javân-e xâm",
"text": "جوان خام",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "He turns the bridle in every direction in order that the untrained horse may gain knowledge of the rider.",
"ref": "c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume III, verse 4457:",
"roman": "z-ân be-gardânad be har su ân legâm\ntâ xabar yâbad ze fâres asp-e xâm",
"text": "زان بگرداند به هر سو آن لگام\nتا خبر یابد ز فارس اسپ خام",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fresh; green; inexperienced, untrained"
],
"links": [
[
"fresh",
"fresh"
],
[
"green",
"green"
],
[
"inexperienced",
"inexperienced"
],
[
"untrained",
"untrained"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative)",
"fresh; green; inexperienced, untrained"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with collocations",
"Persian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "idle wish",
"roman": "ârezu-ye xâm",
"text": "آرزوی خام",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "\"I said,\" cried [the lion], \"that the promise of those vile ones would be vain—vain and frail and unfulfilled.\"",
"ref": "c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 1057:",
"roman": "goft man goftam ke 'ahd-e ân xasân\nxâm bâšad, xâm o sost o nâresân",
"text": "گفت من گفتم که عهد آن خسان\nخام باشد خام و سست و نارسان",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vain; idle (of thoughts, etc.)"
],
"links": [
[
"vain",
"vain"
],
[
"idle",
"idle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative)",
"vain; idle (of thoughts, etc.)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with collocations",
"Persian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "bungled work",
"roman": "kâr-e xâm",
"text": "کار خام",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "There was a girl, Pōrān by name;\nWhen a woman has become king, affairs have gone bungled.\n[But] she was placed on the royal throne,\nAnd the great ones scattered jewels upon her.",
"ref": "c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The Reign of Pōrān Dukht”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings]:",
"roman": "yakē duxtarē būd pōrān ba nām\nčū zan šāh šud kār-hā gašt xām\nbar ān taxt-i šāhī-š binišāndand\nbuzurgān bar ō gawhar afšāndand",
"text": "یکی دختری بود پوران بنام\nچو زن شاه شد کارها گشت خام\nبران تخت شاهیش بنشاندند\nبزرگان برو گوهر افشاندند",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bungled, unfinished, poor in quality"
],
"links": [
[
"bungled",
"bungled"
],
[
"unfinished",
"unfinished"
],
[
"poor",
"poor"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative)",
"bungled, unfinished, poor in quality"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[xɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xɔːm]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[xɒːm]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[χɔm]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "خام"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "xām",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "psi",
"2": "noun",
"tr": "xām"
},
"expansion": "خام (xām)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Southeast Pashayi",
"lang_code": "psi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Southeast Pashayi entries with incorrect language header",
"Southeast Pashayi lemmas",
"Southeast Pashayi nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"boy"
],
"links": [
[
"boy",
"boy"
]
]
}
],
"word": "خام"
}
Download raw JSONL data for خام meaning in All languages combined (20.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (9e2b7d3 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.