See تیر on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for تیر meaning in All languages combined (17.0kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "تەر"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: تەر (ter)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: تەر (ter)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "ter"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: ter",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: ter"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*dẹr",
"t": "sweat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *dẹr (“sweat”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Turkic *dẹr (“sweat”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ter",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "noun",
"tr": "ter"
},
"expansion": "تیر (ter)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chagatai",
"lang_code": "chg",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chagatai entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "chg",
"name": "Bodily fluids",
"orig": "chg:Bodily fluids",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Liquids",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Matter",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sweat"
],
"id": "en-تیر-chg-noun-zarX4Jbd",
"links": [
[
"sweat",
"sweat"
]
]
}
],
"word": "تیر"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tir-andâz",
"word": "تیرانداز"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tir-andâzi",
"word": "تیراندازی"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"2": "তীর"
},
"expansion": "Bengali: তীর (tir)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bengali: তীর (tir)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rhg",
"2": "tir"
},
"expansion": "Rohingya: tir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Rohingya: tir"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dv",
"2": "ތީރު",
"sc": "Thaa"
},
"expansion": "Dhivehi: ތީރު (tīru)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dhivehi: ތީރު (tīru)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "borrowed",
"2": "→"
},
"expansion": "→",
"name": "tooltip"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "→",
"name": "→"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindustani:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "तीर"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: तीर (tīr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: तीर (tīr)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "تیر",
"tr": "tīr"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: تیر (tīr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: تیر (tīr)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "borrowed",
"2": "→"
},
"expansion": "→",
"name": "tooltip"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "→",
"name": "→"
}
],
"text": "→ Kurdish:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "تیر"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: تیر (tîr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: تیر (tîr)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "tîr"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: tîr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: tîr"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "تیر",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "tir"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: تیر (tir)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: تیر (tir)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "borrowed",
"2": "→"
},
"expansion": "→",
"name": "tooltip"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "→",
"name": "→"
}
],
"text": "→ Punjabi:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਤੀਰ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Gurmukhi script: ਤੀਰ (tīr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurmukhi script: ਤੀਰ (tīr)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "تیر",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "tīr"
},
"expansion": "Shahmukhi script: تیر (tīr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shahmukhi script: تیر (tīr)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "raj",
"2": "तीर",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "tīr"
},
"expansion": "→ Rajasthani: तीर (tīr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Rajasthani: तीर (tīr)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tg",
"2": "тир",
"sc": "Cyrl"
},
"expansion": "Tajik: тир (tir)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tajik: тир (tir)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "𐭧𐭲𐭩𐭠"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭧𐭲𐭩𐭠 (ḥtyʾ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"tr": "HTYA"
},
"expansion": "[Book Pahlavi needed] (HTYA)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"tr": "tgl"
},
"expansion": "[Book Pahlavi needed] (tgl)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐫤𐫏𐫃𐫡",
"sc": "Mani",
"t": "arrow",
"ts": "tigr, tīr"
},
"expansion": "𐫤𐫏𐫃𐫡 (tygr /tigr, tīr/, “arrow”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎫𐎡𐎥𐎼",
"t": "sharp",
"ts": "tigraʰ"
},
"expansion": "𐎫𐎡𐎥𐎼 (t-i-g-r /tigraʰ/, “sharp”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬙𐬌𐬖𐬭𐬌",
"t": "arrow"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬙𐬌𐬖𐬭𐬌 (tiγri, “arrow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬙𐬌𐬖𐬭𐬀",
"t": "sharp"
},
"expansion": "𐬙𐬌𐬖𐬭𐬀 (tiγra, “sharp”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian 𐭧𐭲𐭩𐭠 (ḥtyʾ), [Book Pahlavi needed] (HTYA), [Book Pahlavi needed] (tgl), 𐫤𐫏𐫃𐫡 (tygr /tigr, tīr/, “arrow”), from Old Persian [Term?], compare 𐎫𐎡𐎥𐎼 (t-i-g-r /tigraʰ/, “sharp”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬙𐬌𐬖𐬭𐬌 (tiγri, “arrow”), 𐬙𐬌𐬖𐬭𐬀 (tiγra, “sharp”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tir",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "تیرها",
"roman": "tir-hâ",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "تیرها",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "tir-hâ",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "tir",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "تیر • (tir) (plural تیرها (tir-hâ))",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "تیرها",
"tr": "tir"
},
"expansion": "تیر • (tir) (plural تیرها (tir-hâ))",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"arrow"
],
"id": "en-تیر-fa-noun-hk6jn-fi",
"links": [
[
"arrow",
"arrow"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bullet"
],
"id": "en-تیر-fa-noun-7RLrIAAP",
"links": [
[
"bullet",
"bullet"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"dart"
],
"id": "en-تیر-fa-noun-t3WiohOQ",
"links": [
[
"dart",
"dart"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fa",
"name": "Engineering",
"orig": "fa:Engineering",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Technology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fa",
"name": "Mechanics",
"orig": "fa:Mechanics",
"parents": [
"Physics",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 31 61 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Persian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beam"
],
"id": "en-تیر-fa-noun-rkuGfPLu",
"links": [
[
"mechanics",
"mechanics"
],
[
"engineering",
"engineering#Noun"
],
[
"beam",
"beam"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mechanics, engineering) beam"
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"mechanical-engineering",
"mechanics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"pole"
],
"id": "en-تیر-fa-noun-uUJa~eH1",
"links": [
[
"pole",
"pole"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tiːɾ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰiːɾ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰiːɾ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰiːɾ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰiɾ]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰiːɹ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰiɾ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "تیر"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"t": "a god; Mercury; 4th month; 13th day",
"tr": "tyl",
"ts": "Tīr"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [script needed] (tyl /Tīr/, “a god; Mercury; 4th month; 13th day”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "Տիր"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian Տիր (Tir)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "տրէ"
},
"expansion": "տրէ (trē)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian [script needed] (tyl /Tīr/, “a god; Mercury; 4th month; 13th day”). Compare Old Armenian Տիր (Tir), տրէ (trē), Iranian borrowings.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tir",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "proper noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"id": "month",
"tr": "tir",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": "",
"tr4": ""
},
"expansion": "تیر • (tir)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"id": "month",
"tr": "tir"
},
"expansion": "تیر • (tir)",
"name": "fa-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "nâhid",
"word": "ناهید"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "zamin",
"word": "زمین"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "merrix",
"word": "مریخ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "moštari",
"word": "مشتری"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "zohal",
"word": "زحل"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "urânus",
"word": "اورانوس"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "neptun",
"word": "نپتون"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 25 13 0 0 5 17 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "57 29 5 1 1 4 3 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fa",
"name": "Persian months",
"orig": "fa:Persian months",
"parents": [
"Months",
"Periodic occurrences",
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Tir, the fourth month of the solar Persian calendar."
],
"id": "en-تیر-fa-name-ZZ2Llbo8",
"links": [
[
"Tir",
"Tir"
],
[
"Persian calendar",
"Persian calendar"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Name of the thirteenth day of any month of the solar Persian calendar."
],
"id": "en-تیر-fa-name-TpTyxbuF"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fa",
"name": "Astronomy",
"orig": "fa:Astronomy",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"Space",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "19 11 45 0 0 5 16 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fa",
"name": "Planets of the Solar System",
"orig": "fa:Planets of the Solar System",
"parents": [
"Planets",
"Celestial bodies",
"Space",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Mercury (planet)"
],
"id": "en-تیر-fa-name-fa:Q308",
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"Mercury",
"Mercury"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(astronomy) Mercury (planet)"
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "25 14 60",
"roman": "sayyâre-hâ-ye manzume-ye šamsi",
"sense": "planets of the Solar System",
"word": "سیارههای منظومه شمسی"
}
],
"senseid": [
"fa:Q308"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "11 4 85",
"roman": "'otâred",
"sense": "Mercury",
"word": "عطارد"
}
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
],
"wikidata": [
"Q308"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tiːɾ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰiːɾ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰiːɾ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰiːɾ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰiɾ]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰiːɹ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰiɾ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "تیر"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "sa",
"3": "तीर"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit तीर (tīra)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Sanskrit तीर (tīra).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tīr",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "तीर",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"hi": "तीर",
"tr": "tīr"
},
"expansion": "تیر • (tīr) m (Hindi spelling तीर)",
"name": "ur-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"shore"
],
"id": "en-تیر-ur-noun-qj~xIk~6",
"links": [
[
"shore",
"shore"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bank"
],
"id": "en-تیر-ur-noun-Q4HcKrFC",
"links": [
[
"bank",
"bank"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"margin"
],
"id": "en-تیر-ur-noun-NOOfZi~1",
"links": [
[
"margin",
"margin"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"brink"
],
"id": "en-تیر-ur-noun-vVDrF-xR",
"links": [
[
"brink",
"brink"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"edge"
],
"id": "en-تیر-ur-noun-ocsQD1fp",
"links": [
[
"edge",
"edge"
]
]
}
],
"word": "تیر"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "تیر",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "tīr",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian تیر (tīr)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "تیر",
"tr": "tīr"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian تیر (tīr)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian تیر (tīr).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tīr",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "तीर",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f",
"hi": "तीर",
"tr": "tīr"
},
"expansion": "تیر • (tīr) f (Hindi spelling तीर)",
"name": "ur-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 6 1 1 6 1 1 48 28 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 7 1 1 60 25 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 1 1 8 1 1 46 24 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 30 1 1 1 1 1 58 4 1 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ur",
"name": "Persian months",
"orig": "ur:Persian months",
"parents": [
"Months",
"Periodic occurrences",
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Tir, fourth solar month of the Persian calendar"
],
"id": "en-تیر-ur-noun-nr3aJlsC",
"links": [
[
"Tir",
"Tir"
],
[
"month",
"month"
],
[
"Persian",
"Persian"
],
[
"calendar",
"calendar"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ur",
"name": "Astronomy",
"orig": "ur:Astronomy",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"Space",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 2 1 1 1 1 1 34 59 1 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ur",
"name": "Planets of the Solar System",
"orig": "ur:Planets of the Solar System",
"parents": [
"Planets",
"Celestial bodies",
"Space",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Mercury (planet)"
],
"id": "en-تیر-ur-noun-ur:Q308",
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"Mercury",
"Mercury"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(astronomy) Mercury (planet)"
],
"senseid": [
"ur:Q308"
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
],
"wikidata": [
"Q308"
]
}
],
"word": "تیر"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "تیر",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "tīr",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian تیر (tīr)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "تیر",
"tr": "tīr"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian تیر (tīr)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian تیر (tīr).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tīr",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "तीर",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"hi": "तीर",
"tr": "tīr"
},
"expansion": "تیر • (tīr) m (Hindi spelling तीर)",
"name": "ur-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"arrow"
],
"id": "en-تیر-ur-noun-hk6jn-fi",
"links": [
[
"arrow",
"arrow"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"beam"
],
"id": "en-تیر-ur-noun-rkuGfPLu",
"links": [
[
"beam",
"beam"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"pole"
],
"id": "en-تیر-ur-noun-uUJa~eH1",
"links": [
[
"pole",
"pole"
]
]
}
],
"word": "تیر"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "sa",
"3": "तीरित"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit तीरित (tīrita)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तरति"
},
"expansion": "तरति (tarati)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Sanskrit तीरित (tīrita), from root तरति (tarati).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ter",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "तेर",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hi": "तेर",
"tr": "ter"
},
"expansion": "تیر • (ter) (Hindi spelling तेर)",
"name": "ur-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"passed"
],
"id": "en-تیر-ur-adj-KE0ejEkY",
"links": [
[
"passed",
"passed"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"spent (time)"
],
"id": "en-تیر-ur-adj-TUk8b1tE",
"links": [
[
"spent",
"spent"
]
]
}
],
"word": "تیر"
}
{
"categories": [
"ur:Persian months",
"ur:Planets of the Solar System"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "تەر"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: تەر (ter)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: تەر (ter)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "ter"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: ter",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: ter"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*dẹr",
"t": "sweat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *dẹr (“sweat”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Turkic *dẹr (“sweat”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ter",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "noun",
"tr": "ter"
},
"expansion": "تیر (ter)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chagatai",
"lang_code": "chg",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chagatai entries with incorrect language header",
"Chagatai lemmas",
"Chagatai nouns",
"Chagatai terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
"Chagatai terms inherited from Proto-Turkic",
"chg:Bodily fluids"
],
"glosses": [
"sweat"
],
"links": [
[
"sweat",
"sweat"
]
]
}
],
"word": "تیر"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Persian terms with redundant script codes",
"Old Persian term requests",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian proper nouns",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Old Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Old Persian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Requests for Book Pahlavi script for Middle Persian terms",
"Requests for native script for Middle Persian terms",
"fa:Persian months",
"fa:Planets of the Solar System",
"ur:Persian months",
"ur:Planets of the Solar System"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "tir-andâz",
"word": "تیرانداز"
},
{
"roman": "tir-andâzi",
"word": "تیراندازی"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"2": "তীর"
},
"expansion": "Bengali: তীর (tir)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bengali: তীর (tir)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rhg",
"2": "tir"
},
"expansion": "Rohingya: tir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Rohingya: tir"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dv",
"2": "ތީރު",
"sc": "Thaa"
},
"expansion": "Dhivehi: ތީރު (tīru)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dhivehi: ތީރު (tīru)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "borrowed",
"2": "→"
},
"expansion": "→",
"name": "tooltip"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "→",
"name": "→"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindustani:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "तीर"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: तीर (tīr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: तीर (tīr)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "تیر",
"tr": "tīr"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: تیر (tīr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: تیر (tīr)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "borrowed",
"2": "→"
},
"expansion": "→",
"name": "tooltip"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "→",
"name": "→"
}
],
"text": "→ Kurdish:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "تیر"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: تیر (tîr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: تیر (tîr)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "tîr"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: tîr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: tîr"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "تیر",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "tir"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: تیر (tir)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: تیر (tir)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "borrowed",
"2": "→"
},
"expansion": "→",
"name": "tooltip"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "→",
"name": "→"
}
],
"text": "→ Punjabi:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਤੀਰ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Gurmukhi script: ਤੀਰ (tīr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurmukhi script: ਤੀਰ (tīr)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "تیر",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "tīr"
},
"expansion": "Shahmukhi script: تیر (tīr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shahmukhi script: تیر (tīr)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "raj",
"2": "तीर",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "tīr"
},
"expansion": "→ Rajasthani: तीर (tīr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Rajasthani: तीर (tīr)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tg",
"2": "тир",
"sc": "Cyrl"
},
"expansion": "Tajik: тир (tir)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tajik: тир (tir)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "𐭧𐭲𐭩𐭠"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭧𐭲𐭩𐭠 (ḥtyʾ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"tr": "HTYA"
},
"expansion": "[Book Pahlavi needed] (HTYA)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"tr": "tgl"
},
"expansion": "[Book Pahlavi needed] (tgl)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐫤𐫏𐫃𐫡",
"sc": "Mani",
"t": "arrow",
"ts": "tigr, tīr"
},
"expansion": "𐫤𐫏𐫃𐫡 (tygr /tigr, tīr/, “arrow”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎫𐎡𐎥𐎼",
"t": "sharp",
"ts": "tigraʰ"
},
"expansion": "𐎫𐎡𐎥𐎼 (t-i-g-r /tigraʰ/, “sharp”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬙𐬌𐬖𐬭𐬌",
"t": "arrow"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬙𐬌𐬖𐬭𐬌 (tiγri, “arrow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬙𐬌𐬖𐬭𐬀",
"t": "sharp"
},
"expansion": "𐬙𐬌𐬖𐬭𐬀 (tiγra, “sharp”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian 𐭧𐭲𐭩𐭠 (ḥtyʾ), [Book Pahlavi needed] (HTYA), [Book Pahlavi needed] (tgl), 𐫤𐫏𐫃𐫡 (tygr /tigr, tīr/, “arrow”), from Old Persian [Term?], compare 𐎫𐎡𐎥𐎼 (t-i-g-r /tigraʰ/, “sharp”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬙𐬌𐬖𐬭𐬌 (tiγri, “arrow”), 𐬙𐬌𐬖𐬭𐬀 (tiγra, “sharp”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tir",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "تیرها",
"roman": "tir-hâ",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "تیرها",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "tir-hâ",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "tir",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "تیر • (tir) (plural تیرها (tir-hâ))",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "تیرها",
"tr": "tir"
},
"expansion": "تیر • (tir) (plural تیرها (tir-hâ))",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"arrow"
],
"links": [
[
"arrow",
"arrow"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bullet"
],
"links": [
[
"bullet",
"bullet"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"dart"
],
"links": [
[
"dart",
"dart"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"fa:Engineering",
"fa:Mechanics"
],
"glosses": [
"beam"
],
"links": [
[
"mechanics",
"mechanics"
],
[
"engineering",
"engineering#Noun"
],
[
"beam",
"beam"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mechanics, engineering) beam"
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"mechanical-engineering",
"mechanics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"pole"
],
"links": [
[
"pole",
"pole"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tiːɾ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰiːɾ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰiːɾ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰiːɾ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰiɾ]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰiːɹ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰiɾ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "تیر"
}
{
"categories": [
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian proper nouns",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Requests for native script for Middle Persian terms",
"fa:Persian months",
"fa:Planets of the Solar System",
"ur:Persian months",
"ur:Planets of the Solar System"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"t": "a god; Mercury; 4th month; 13th day",
"tr": "tyl",
"ts": "Tīr"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [script needed] (tyl /Tīr/, “a god; Mercury; 4th month; 13th day”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "Տիր"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian Տիր (Tir)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "տրէ"
},
"expansion": "տրէ (trē)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian [script needed] (tyl /Tīr/, “a god; Mercury; 4th month; 13th day”). Compare Old Armenian Տիր (Tir), տրէ (trē), Iranian borrowings.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tir",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "proper noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"id": "month",
"tr": "tir",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": "",
"tr4": ""
},
"expansion": "تیر • (tir)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"id": "month",
"tr": "tir"
},
"expansion": "تیر • (tir)",
"name": "fa-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"roman": "sayyâre-hâ-ye manzume-ye šamsi",
"sense": "planets of the Solar System",
"word": "سیارههای منظومه شمسی"
},
{
"roman": "nâhid",
"word": "ناهید"
},
{
"roman": "zamin",
"word": "زمین"
},
{
"roman": "merrix",
"word": "مریخ"
},
{
"roman": "moštari",
"word": "مشتری"
},
{
"roman": "zohal",
"word": "زحل"
},
{
"roman": "urânus",
"word": "اورانوس"
},
{
"roman": "neptun",
"word": "نپتون"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Tir, the fourth month of the solar Persian calendar."
],
"links": [
[
"Tir",
"Tir"
],
[
"Persian calendar",
"Persian calendar"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Name of the thirteenth day of any month of the solar Persian calendar."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"fa:Astronomy"
],
"glosses": [
"Mercury (planet)"
],
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"Mercury",
"Mercury"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(astronomy) Mercury (planet)"
],
"senseid": [
"fa:Q308"
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
],
"wikidata": [
"Q308"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tiːɾ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰiːɾ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰiːɾ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰiːɾ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰiɾ]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰiːɹ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ʰiɾ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "'otâred",
"sense": "Mercury",
"word": "عطارد"
}
],
"word": "تیر"
}
{
"categories": [
"Urdu adjectives",
"Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"Urdu lemmas",
"Urdu masculine nouns",
"Urdu nouns",
"Urdu terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Urdu terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Urdu terms with redundant head parameter",
"Urdu terms with redundant transliterations",
"ur:Persian months",
"ur:Planets of the Solar System"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "sa",
"3": "तीर"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit तीर (tīra)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Sanskrit तीर (tīra).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tīr",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "तीर",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"hi": "तीर",
"tr": "tīr"
},
"expansion": "تیر • (tīr) m (Hindi spelling तीर)",
"name": "ur-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"shore"
],
"links": [
[
"shore",
"shore"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bank"
],
"links": [
[
"bank",
"bank"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"margin"
],
"links": [
[
"margin",
"margin"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"brink"
],
"links": [
[
"brink",
"brink"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"edge"
],
"links": [
[
"edge",
"edge"
]
]
}
],
"word": "تیر"
}
{
"categories": [
"Urdu adjectives",
"Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"Urdu feminine nouns",
"Urdu lemmas",
"Urdu nouns",
"Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian",
"Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian",
"Urdu terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Urdu terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Urdu terms with redundant head parameter",
"Urdu terms with redundant transliterations",
"ur:Persian months",
"ur:Planets of the Solar System"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "تیر",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "tīr",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian تیر (tīr)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "تیر",
"tr": "tīr"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian تیر (tīr)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian تیر (tīr).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tīr",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "तीर",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f",
"hi": "तीर",
"tr": "tīr"
},
"expansion": "تیر • (tīr) f (Hindi spelling तीर)",
"name": "ur-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Tir, fourth solar month of the Persian calendar"
],
"links": [
[
"Tir",
"Tir"
],
[
"month",
"month"
],
[
"Persian",
"Persian"
],
[
"calendar",
"calendar"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"ur:Astronomy"
],
"glosses": [
"Mercury (planet)"
],
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"Mercury",
"Mercury"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(astronomy) Mercury (planet)"
],
"senseid": [
"ur:Q308"
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
],
"wikidata": [
"Q308"
]
}
],
"word": "تیر"
}
{
"categories": [
"Urdu adjectives",
"Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"Urdu lemmas",
"Urdu masculine nouns",
"Urdu nouns",
"Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian",
"Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian",
"Urdu terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Urdu terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Urdu terms with redundant head parameter",
"Urdu terms with redundant transliterations",
"ur:Persian months",
"ur:Planets of the Solar System"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "تیر",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "tīr",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian تیر (tīr)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "تیر",
"tr": "tīr"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian تیر (tīr)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian تیر (tīr).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tīr",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "तीर",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"hi": "तीर",
"tr": "tīr"
},
"expansion": "تیر • (tīr) m (Hindi spelling तीर)",
"name": "ur-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"arrow"
],
"links": [
[
"arrow",
"arrow"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"beam"
],
"links": [
[
"beam",
"beam"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"pole"
],
"links": [
[
"pole",
"pole"
]
]
}
],
"word": "تیر"
}
{
"categories": [
"Urdu adjectives",
"Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"Urdu lemmas",
"Urdu terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Urdu terms with redundant head parameter",
"Urdu terms with redundant transliterations",
"ur:Persian months",
"ur:Planets of the Solar System"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "sa",
"3": "तीरित"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit तीरित (tīrita)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तरति"
},
"expansion": "तरति (tarati)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Sanskrit तीरित (tīrita), from root तरति (tarati).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ter",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "तेर",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hi": "तेर",
"tr": "ter"
},
"expansion": "تیر • (ter) (Hindi spelling तेर)",
"name": "ur-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"passed"
],
"links": [
[
"passed",
"passed"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"spent (time)"
],
"links": [
[
"spent",
"spent"
]
]
}
],
"word": "تیر"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.