"թովեմ" meaning in All languages combined

See թովեմ on Wiktionary

Verb [Old Armenian]

Etymology: According to Ačaṙyan, the original meaning is “to speak”. For the semantic shift compare English spell (“speech; magical spell”). He derives the word from Proto-Indo-European *tow- (“to talk, to read”), with Sanskrit स्तुते (stute, “to praise”), Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬎- (stu-, “to praise”) as cognates. Pokorny lists the Aryan words with Ancient Greek στεῦται (steûtai, “to promise or threaten that one will”) under Proto-Indo-European *stew- (“to praise loudly”) without Armenian. J̌ahukyan finds Ačaṙyan's etymology improbable and proposes derivation from Proto-Indo-European *tow-, from *tew- (“to be attentive in a friendly manner”). Etymology templates: {{noncog|en|spell||speech; magical spell}} English spell (“speech; magical spell”), {{der|xcl|ine-pro|*tow-||to talk, to read}} Proto-Indo-European *tow- (“to talk, to read”), {{cog|sa|स्तुते||to praise}} Sanskrit स्तुते (stute, “to praise”), {{cog|ae|𐬯𐬙𐬎-|t=to praise}} Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬎- (stu-, “to praise”), {{cog|grc|στεῦται||to promise or threaten that one will}} Ancient Greek στεῦται (steûtai, “to promise or threaten that one will”), {{cog|ine-pro|*stew-||to praise loudly}} Proto-Indo-European *stew- (“to praise loudly”), {{der|xcl|ine-pro|*tow-}} Proto-Indo-European *tow-, {{m|ine-pro|*tew-||to be attentive in a friendly manner}} *tew- (“to be attentive in a friendly manner”) Head templates: {{head|xcl|verb|head=|tr=}} թովեմ • (tʻovem), {{xcl-verb}} թովեմ • (tʻovem) Inflection templates: {{xcl-conj-եմ||թով}}, {{xcl-conj|aorstem=թովեց|caus=—|cohort1=թովեսջի՛ր|cohort2=թովեսջի՛ք|imp1=թովեա՛|imp2=թովեցէ՛ք|indaor1=թովեցի|indaor2=թովեցեր|indaor3=թովեաց|indaor4=թովեցաք|indaor5=թովեցէք, թովեցիք|indaor6=թովեցին|indimp1=թովէի, թովեի*|indimp2=թովէիր, թովեիր*|indimp3=թովէր|indimp4=թովէաք, թովեաք*|indimp5=թովէիք, թովեիք*|indimp6=թովէին, թովեին*|indpr1=թովեմ|indpr2=թովես|indpr3=թովէ|indpr4=թովեմք|indpr5=թովէք|indpr6=թովեն|inf=թովել|note=*rare|part=թովեցեալ, թովեալ|prohib1=մի՛ թովեր|prohib2=մի՛ թովէք|subjaor1=թովեցից|subjaor2=թովեսցես|subjaor3=թովեսցէ|subjaor4=թովեսցուք|subjaor5=թովեսջիք|subjaor6=թովեսցեն|subjpr1=թովիցեմ|subjpr2=թովիցես|subjpr3=թովիցէ|subjpr4=թովիցեմք|subjpr5=թովիցէք|subjpr6=թովիցեն|title=active}} Forms: tʻovem [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], թովել [infinitive], թովեցեալ [participle], թովեալ [participle], - [causative], թովեց- [stem], թովեմ [first-person, indicative, present, singular], թովես [indicative, present, second-person, singular], թովէ [indicative, present, singular, third-person], թովեմք [first-person, indicative, plural, present], թովէք [indicative, plural, present, second-person], թովեն [indicative, plural, present, third-person], թովէի [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], թովեի (tʻovēi, tʻovei*) [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], թովէիր [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], թովեիր (tʻovēir, tʻoveir*) [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], թովէր [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], թովէաք [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], թովեաք (tʻovēakʻ, tʻoveakʻ*) [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], թովէիք [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], թովեիք (tʻovēikʻ, tʻoveikʻ*) [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], թովէին [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], թովեին (tʻovēin, tʻovein*) [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], թովեցի [aorist, first-person, indicative, singular], թովեցեր [aorist, indicative, second-person, singular], թովեաց [aorist, indicative, singular, third-person], թովեցաք [aorist, first-person, indicative, plural], թովեցէք [aorist, indicative, plural, second-person], թովեցիք [aorist, indicative, plural, second-person], թովեցին [aorist, indicative, plural, third-person], թովիցեմ [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], թովիցես [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], թովիցէ [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], թովիցեմք [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], թովիցէք [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], թովիցեն [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], թովեցից [aorist, first-person, singular, subjunctive], թովեսցես [aorist, second-person, singular, subjunctive], թովեսցէ [aorist, singular, subjunctive, third-person], թովեսցուք [aorist, first-person, plural, subjunctive], թովեսջիք [aorist, plural, second-person, subjunctive], թովեսցեն [aorist, plural, subjunctive, third-person], թովեա՛ [imperative, rare, singular], թովեցէ՛ք [imperative, plural, rare], թովեսջի՛ր [cohortative, imperative, rare, singular], թովեսջի՛ք [cohortative, imperative, plural, rare], մի՛ թովեր [imperative, prohibitive, rare, singular], մի՛ թովէք [imperative, plural, prohibitive, rare]
  1. (transitive) to cast a spell, to charm, to enchant Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-թովեմ-xcl-verb-sgvPyGJw
  2. (transitive) to incite, to provoke (into doing something bad) Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-թովեմ-xcl-verb-i1S3RmDW Categories (other): Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header: 16 84
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: թոթովեմ (tʻotʻovem), թովիչ (tʻovičʻ), թովչաբար (tʻovčʻabar), թովչութիւն (tʻovčʻutʻiwn), թուչաբար (tʻučʻabar), թուչութիւն (tʻučʻutʻiwn)

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for թովեմ meaning in All languages combined (11.1kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tʻotʻovem",
      "word": "թոթովեմ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tʻovičʻ",
      "word": "թովիչ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tʻovčʻabar",
      "word": "թովչաբար"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tʻovčʻutʻiwn",
      "word": "թովչութիւն"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tʻučʻabar",
      "word": "թուչաբար"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tʻučʻutʻiwn",
      "word": "թուչութիւն"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hy",
            "2": "թովել"
          },
          "expansion": "Armenian: թովել (tʻovel)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Armenian: թովել (tʻovel)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "spell",
        "3": "",
        "4": "speech; magical spell"
      },
      "expansion": "English spell (“speech; magical spell”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*tow-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to talk, to read"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tow- (“to talk, to read”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "स्तुते",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to praise"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit स्तुते (stute, “to praise”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬯𐬙𐬎-",
        "t": "to praise"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬎- (stu-, “to praise”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "στεῦται",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to promise or threaten that one will"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek στεῦται (steûtai, “to promise or threaten that one will”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*stew-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to praise loudly"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stew- (“to praise loudly”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*tow-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tow-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*tew-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be attentive in a friendly manner"
      },
      "expansion": "*tew- (“to be attentive in a friendly manner”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "According to Ačaṙyan, the original meaning is “to speak”. For the semantic shift compare English spell (“speech; magical spell”). He derives the word from Proto-Indo-European *tow- (“to talk, to read”), with Sanskrit स्तुते (stute, “to praise”), Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬎- (stu-, “to praise”) as cognates. Pokorny lists the Aryan words with Ancient Greek στεῦται (steûtai, “to promise or threaten that one will”) under Proto-Indo-European *stew- (“to praise loudly”) without Armenian. J̌ahukyan finds Ačaṙyan's etymology improbable and proposes derivation from Proto-Indo-European *tow-, from *tew- (“to be attentive in a friendly manner”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tʻovem",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "xcl-conj-եմ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովել",
      "roman": "tʻovel",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեցեալ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեալ",
      "roman": "tʻovecʻeal, tʻoveal",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեց-",
      "roman": "tʻovecʻ-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեմ",
      "roman": "tʻovem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովես",
      "roman": "tʻoves",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովէ",
      "roman": "tʻovē",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեմք",
      "roman": "tʻovemkʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովէք",
      "roman": "tʻovēkʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեն",
      "roman": "tʻoven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովէի",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեի (tʻovēi, tʻovei*)",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովէիր",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեիր (tʻovēir, tʻoveir*)",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովէր",
      "roman": "tʻovēr",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովէաք",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեաք (tʻovēakʻ, tʻoveakʻ*)",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովէիք",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեիք (tʻovēikʻ, tʻoveikʻ*)",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովէին",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեին (tʻovēin, tʻovein*)",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեցի",
      "roman": "tʻovecʻi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեցեր",
      "roman": "tʻovecʻer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեաց",
      "roman": "tʻoveacʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեցաք",
      "roman": "tʻovecʻakʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեցէք",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեցիք",
      "roman": "tʻovecʻēkʻ, tʻovecʻikʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեցին",
      "roman": "tʻovecʻin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովիցեմ",
      "roman": "tʻovicʻem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովիցես",
      "roman": "tʻovicʻes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովիցէ",
      "roman": "tʻovicʻē",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովիցեմք",
      "roman": "tʻovicʻemkʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովիցէք",
      "roman": "tʻovicʻēkʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովիցեն",
      "roman": "tʻovicʻen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեցից",
      "roman": "tʻovecʻicʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեսցես",
      "roman": "tʻovescʻes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեսցէ",
      "roman": "tʻovescʻē",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեսցուք",
      "roman": "tʻovescʻukʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեսջիք",
      "roman": "tʻovesǰikʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեսցեն",
      "roman": "tʻovescʻen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեա՛",
      "roman": "tʻoveá",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "rare",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեցէ՛ք",
      "roman": "tʻovecʻḗkʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեսջի՛ր",
      "roman": "tʻovesǰír",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "cohortative",
        "imperative",
        "rare",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեսջի՛ք",
      "roman": "tʻovesǰíkʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "cohortative",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "մի՛ թովեր",
      "roman": "mí tʻover",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "prohibitive",
        "rare",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "մի՛ թովէք",
      "roman": "mí tʻovēkʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "prohibitive",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "թովեմ • (tʻovem)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "թովեմ • (tʻovem)",
      "name": "xcl-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "թով"
      },
      "name": "xcl-conj-եմ"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "aorstem": "թովեց",
        "caus": "—",
        "cohort1": "թովեսջի՛ր",
        "cohort2": "թովեսջի՛ք",
        "imp1": "թովեա՛",
        "imp2": "թովեցէ՛ք",
        "indaor1": "թովեցի",
        "indaor2": "թովեցեր",
        "indaor3": "թովեաց",
        "indaor4": "թովեցաք",
        "indaor5": "թովեցէք, թովեցիք",
        "indaor6": "թովեցին",
        "indimp1": "թովէի, թովեի*",
        "indimp2": "թովէիր, թովեիր*",
        "indimp3": "թովէր",
        "indimp4": "թովէաք, թովեաք*",
        "indimp5": "թովէիք, թովեիք*",
        "indimp6": "թովէին, թովեին*",
        "indpr1": "թովեմ",
        "indpr2": "թովես",
        "indpr3": "թովէ",
        "indpr4": "թովեմք",
        "indpr5": "թովէք",
        "indpr6": "թովեն",
        "inf": "թովել",
        "note": "*rare",
        "part": "թովեցեալ, թովեալ",
        "prohib1": "մի՛ թովեր",
        "prohib2": "մի՛ թովէք",
        "subjaor1": "թովեցից",
        "subjaor2": "թովեսցես",
        "subjaor3": "թովեսցէ",
        "subjaor4": "թովեսցուք",
        "subjaor5": "թովեսջիք",
        "subjaor6": "թովեսցեն",
        "subjpr1": "թովիցեմ",
        "subjpr2": "թովիցես",
        "subjpr3": "թովիցէ",
        "subjpr4": "թովիցեմք",
        "subjpr5": "թովիցէք",
        "subjpr6": "թովիցեն",
        "title": "active"
      },
      "name": "xcl-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Armenian",
  "lang_code": "xcl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to cast a spell, to charm, to enchant"
      ],
      "id": "en-թովեմ-xcl-verb-sgvPyGJw",
      "links": [
        [
          "charm",
          "charm"
        ],
        [
          "enchant",
          "enchant"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to cast a spell, to charm, to enchant"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "16 84",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to incite, to provoke (into doing something bad)"
      ],
      "id": "en-թովեմ-xcl-verb-i1S3RmDW",
      "links": [
        [
          "incite",
          "incite"
        ],
        [
          "provoke",
          "provoke"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to incite, to provoke (into doing something bad)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "թովեմ"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Armenian lemmas",
    "Old Armenian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old Armenian verbs"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "tʻotʻovem",
      "word": "թոթովեմ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tʻovičʻ",
      "word": "թովիչ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tʻovčʻabar",
      "word": "թովչաբար"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tʻovčʻutʻiwn",
      "word": "թովչութիւն"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tʻučʻabar",
      "word": "թուչաբար"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tʻučʻutʻiwn",
      "word": "թուչութիւն"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hy",
            "2": "թովել"
          },
          "expansion": "Armenian: թովել (tʻovel)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Armenian: թովել (tʻovel)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "spell",
        "3": "",
        "4": "speech; magical spell"
      },
      "expansion": "English spell (“speech; magical spell”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*tow-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to talk, to read"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tow- (“to talk, to read”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "स्तुते",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to praise"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit स्तुते (stute, “to praise”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬯𐬙𐬎-",
        "t": "to praise"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬎- (stu-, “to praise”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "στεῦται",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to promise or threaten that one will"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek στεῦται (steûtai, “to promise or threaten that one will”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*stew-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to praise loudly"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stew- (“to praise loudly”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*tow-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tow-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*tew-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be attentive in a friendly manner"
      },
      "expansion": "*tew- (“to be attentive in a friendly manner”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "According to Ačaṙyan, the original meaning is “to speak”. For the semantic shift compare English spell (“speech; magical spell”). He derives the word from Proto-Indo-European *tow- (“to talk, to read”), with Sanskrit स्तुते (stute, “to praise”), Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬎- (stu-, “to praise”) as cognates. Pokorny lists the Aryan words with Ancient Greek στεῦται (steûtai, “to promise or threaten that one will”) under Proto-Indo-European *stew- (“to praise loudly”) without Armenian. J̌ahukyan finds Ačaṙyan's etymology improbable and proposes derivation from Proto-Indo-European *tow-, from *tew- (“to be attentive in a friendly manner”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tʻovem",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "xcl-conj-եմ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովել",
      "roman": "tʻovel",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեցեալ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեալ",
      "roman": "tʻovecʻeal, tʻoveal",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեց-",
      "roman": "tʻovecʻ-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեմ",
      "roman": "tʻovem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովես",
      "roman": "tʻoves",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովէ",
      "roman": "tʻovē",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեմք",
      "roman": "tʻovemkʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովէք",
      "roman": "tʻovēkʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեն",
      "roman": "tʻoven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովէի",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեի (tʻovēi, tʻovei*)",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովէիր",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեիր (tʻovēir, tʻoveir*)",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովէր",
      "roman": "tʻovēr",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովէաք",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեաք (tʻovēakʻ, tʻoveakʻ*)",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովէիք",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեիք (tʻovēikʻ, tʻoveikʻ*)",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովէին",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեին (tʻovēin, tʻovein*)",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեցի",
      "roman": "tʻovecʻi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեցեր",
      "roman": "tʻovecʻer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեաց",
      "roman": "tʻoveacʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեցաք",
      "roman": "tʻovecʻakʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեցէք",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեցիք",
      "roman": "tʻovecʻēkʻ, tʻovecʻikʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեցին",
      "roman": "tʻovecʻin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովիցեմ",
      "roman": "tʻovicʻem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովիցես",
      "roman": "tʻovicʻes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովիցէ",
      "roman": "tʻovicʻē",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովիցեմք",
      "roman": "tʻovicʻemkʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովիցէք",
      "roman": "tʻovicʻēkʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովիցեն",
      "roman": "tʻovicʻen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեցից",
      "roman": "tʻovecʻicʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեսցես",
      "roman": "tʻovescʻes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեսցէ",
      "roman": "tʻovescʻē",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեսցուք",
      "roman": "tʻovescʻukʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեսջիք",
      "roman": "tʻovesǰikʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեսցեն",
      "roman": "tʻovescʻen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեա՛",
      "roman": "tʻoveá",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "rare",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեցէ՛ք",
      "roman": "tʻovecʻḗkʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեսջի՛ր",
      "roman": "tʻovesǰír",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "cohortative",
        "imperative",
        "rare",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թովեսջի՛ք",
      "roman": "tʻovesǰíkʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "cohortative",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "մի՛ թովեր",
      "roman": "mí tʻover",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "prohibitive",
        "rare",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "մի՛ թովէք",
      "roman": "mí tʻovēkʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "prohibitive",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "թովեմ • (tʻovem)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "թովեմ • (tʻovem)",
      "name": "xcl-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "թով"
      },
      "name": "xcl-conj-եմ"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "aorstem": "թովեց",
        "caus": "—",
        "cohort1": "թովեսջի՛ր",
        "cohort2": "թովեսջի՛ք",
        "imp1": "թովեա՛",
        "imp2": "թովեցէ՛ք",
        "indaor1": "թովեցի",
        "indaor2": "թովեցեր",
        "indaor3": "թովեաց",
        "indaor4": "թովեցաք",
        "indaor5": "թովեցէք, թովեցիք",
        "indaor6": "թովեցին",
        "indimp1": "թովէի, թովեի*",
        "indimp2": "թովէիր, թովեիր*",
        "indimp3": "թովէր",
        "indimp4": "թովէաք, թովեաք*",
        "indimp5": "թովէիք, թովեիք*",
        "indimp6": "թովէին, թովեին*",
        "indpr1": "թովեմ",
        "indpr2": "թովես",
        "indpr3": "թովէ",
        "indpr4": "թովեմք",
        "indpr5": "թովէք",
        "indpr6": "թովեն",
        "inf": "թովել",
        "note": "*rare",
        "part": "թովեցեալ, թովեալ",
        "prohib1": "մի՛ թովեր",
        "prohib2": "մի՛ թովէք",
        "subjaor1": "թովեցից",
        "subjaor2": "թովեսցես",
        "subjaor3": "թովեսցէ",
        "subjaor4": "թովեսցուք",
        "subjaor5": "թովեսջիք",
        "subjaor6": "թովեսցեն",
        "subjpr1": "թովիցեմ",
        "subjpr2": "թովիցես",
        "subjpr3": "թովիցէ",
        "subjpr4": "թովիցեմք",
        "subjpr5": "թովիցէք",
        "subjpr6": "թովիցեն",
        "title": "active"
      },
      "name": "xcl-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Armenian",
  "lang_code": "xcl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Armenian transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to cast a spell, to charm, to enchant"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "charm",
          "charm"
        ],
        [
          "enchant",
          "enchant"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to cast a spell, to charm, to enchant"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Armenian transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to incite, to provoke (into doing something bad)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "incite",
          "incite"
        ],
        [
          "provoke",
          "provoke"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to incite, to provoke (into doing something bad)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "թովեմ"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.