See начало on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "načálnik",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нача́лник"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "načálnička",
"tags": [
"agent",
"feminine",
"noun"
],
"word": "нача́лничка"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "načálstvo",
"word": "нача́лство"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ru",
"3": "нача́ло"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Russian нача́ло (načálo)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*načędlo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *načędlo",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Russian нача́ло (načálo), ultimately from Proto-Slavic *načędlo, an instrumental noun of *načęti (“to initiate”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "нача́ло",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "načálo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лен",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ло",
"roman": "načálo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "начала́",
"roman": "načalá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лото",
"roman": "načáloto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "начала́та",
"roman": "načaláta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "нача́ло",
"2": "n",
"adj": "нача́лен"
},
"expansion": "нача́ло • (načálo) n (relational adjective нача́лен)",
"name": "bg-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"на‧ча‧ло"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "нача́ло<c>"
},
"name": "bg-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 20 2 33 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beginning, start"
],
"id": "en-начало-bg-noun-6aPwyslj",
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
],
[
"start",
"start"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 20 2 33 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"source, origin"
],
"id": "en-начало-bg-noun-o2wS5fw~",
"links": [
[
"source",
"source"
],
[
"origin",
"origin"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "as a rule",
"roman": "po načálo",
"text": "по нача́ло",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"principle, rule"
],
"id": "en-начало-bg-noun-eNt6rlSS",
"links": [
[
"principle",
"principle"
],
[
"rule",
"rule"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually in the plural) principle, rule"
],
"tags": [
"plural-normally"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 20 2 33 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"element, quality, essential feature"
],
"id": "en-начало-bg-noun-srIh3BYI",
"links": [
[
"element",
"element"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
],
[
"essential",
"essential"
],
[
"feature",
"feature"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian pluralia tantum",
"parents": [
"Pluralia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "34 20 2 33 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "on a voluntary basis",
"roman": "na dobrovólni načalá",
"text": "на доброво́лни начала́",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"basis"
],
"id": "en-начало-bg-noun-p6PI9lR2",
"links": [
[
"basis",
"basis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(plural only) basis"
],
"tags": [
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[nɐˈt͡ʃa̟ɫo]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "načélo",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "наче́ло"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "inherited pronunciation"
}
],
"word": "начало"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "cu",
"3": "начѧло"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic начѧло",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*načędlo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *načędlo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "нача́ть",
"3": "-ло"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, нача́ть (načátʹ) + -ло (-lo)",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ken-",
"4": "",
"5": "new, fresh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“new, fresh”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic начѧло, from Proto-Slavic *načędlo. By surface analysis, нача́ть (načátʹ) + -ло (-lo), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“new, fresh”), whence English recent and ceno-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "нача́ло",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "načálo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́л",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́льный",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ло",
"roman": "načálo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"roman": "načála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"roman": "načála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́л",
"roman": "načál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лу",
"roman": "načálu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лам",
"roman": "načálam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ло",
"roman": "načálo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"roman": "načála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лом",
"roman": "načálom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лами",
"roman": "načálami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ле",
"roman": "načále",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лах",
"roman": "načálax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ло",
"roman": "načálo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"roman": "načála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"roman": "načála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лъ",
"roman": "načál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лу",
"roman": "načálu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ламъ",
"roman": "načálam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ло",
"roman": "načálo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dated",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"roman": "načála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dated",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ломъ",
"roman": "načálom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лами",
"roman": "načálami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лѣ",
"roman": "načálě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лахъ",
"roman": "načálax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "нача́ло",
"adj": "нача́льный"
},
"expansion": "нача́ло • (načálo) n inan (genitive нача́ла, nominative plural нача́ла, genitive plural нача́л, relational adjective нача́льный)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "načálʹnik",
"word": "нача́льник"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "načálʹnyj",
"word": "нача́льный"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "načátʹ",
"word": "нача́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "načinánije",
"word": "начина́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "načinátʹ",
"word": "начина́ть"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "коне́ц"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 29 28 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "in the early 1980s",
"roman": "v načále 80-x godóv",
"text": "в нача́ле 80-х годо́в",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beginning, commencement, onset, start"
],
"id": "en-начало-ru-noun-Rpt6YY4d",
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
],
[
"commencement",
"commencement"
],
[
"onset",
"onset"
],
[
"start",
"start"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 29 28 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"source, origin"
],
"id": "en-начало-ru-noun-o2wS5fw~",
"links": [
[
"source",
"source"
],
[
"origin",
"origin"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 12 2 15 9 9 7 22 5 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 10 2 13 8 7 6 34 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 14 41 13 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 14 46 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 29 28 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 15 44 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian terms suffixed with -ло",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"principles, basis, basics"
],
"id": "en-начало-ru-noun-WxrqOLRG",
"links": [
[
"principles",
"principles"
],
[
"basis",
"basis"
],
[
"basics",
"basics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the plural) principles, basis, basics"
],
"tags": [
"in-plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 29 28 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"command, authority"
],
"id": "en-начало-ru-noun-TWPED2SN",
"links": [
[
"command",
"command"
],
[
"authority",
"authority"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[nɐˈt͡ɕaɫə]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-начало.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/Ru-%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE.ogg/Ru-%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Ru-%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "osnóva",
"word": "осно́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "počín",
"word": "почи́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "rukovódstvo",
"word": "руково́дство"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "start",
"word": "старт"
}
],
"word": "начало"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "на́чало",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "náčalo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "verb form",
"head": "на́чало"
},
"expansion": "на́чало • (náčalo)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "načátʹ",
"word": "нача́ть"
}
],
"glosses": [
"neuter singular past indicative perfective of нача́ть (načátʹ)"
],
"id": "en-начало-ru-verb-RVxWowLu",
"links": [
[
"нача́ть",
"начать#Russian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"neuter",
"past",
"perfective",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈnat͡ɕɪɫə]"
}
],
"word": "начало"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*načędlo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *načędlo",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *načędlo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "нача́ло",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "načálo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́л",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "uk-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ло",
"roman": "načálo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"roman": "načála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"roman": "načála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́л",
"roman": "načál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лу",
"roman": "načálu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лам",
"roman": "načálam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ло",
"roman": "načálo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"roman": "načála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лом",
"roman": "načálom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лами",
"roman": "načálamy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лі",
"roman": "načáli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лах",
"roman": "načálax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ло",
"roman": "načálo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"roman": "načála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "нача́ло<>"
},
"expansion": "нача́ло • (načálo) n inan (genitive нача́ла, nominative plural нача́ла, genitive plural нача́л)",
"name": "uk-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "нача́ло<>"
},
"name": "uk-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beginning, start"
],
"id": "en-начало-uk-noun-6aPwyslj",
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
],
[
"start",
"start"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated or poetic) beginning, start"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "standard term",
"word": "поча́ток"
}
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[nɐˈt͡ʃaɫɔ]"
},
{
"audio": "Uk-начало.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/32/Uk-%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE.ogg/Uk-%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Uk-%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE.ogg"
}
],
"word": "начало"
}
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Bulgarian lemmas",
"Bulgarian neuter nouns",
"Bulgarian nouns",
"Bulgarian terms borrowed from Russian",
"Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms derived from Russian",
"Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "načálnik",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нача́лник"
},
{
"roman": "načálnička",
"tags": [
"agent",
"feminine",
"noun"
],
"word": "нача́лничка"
},
{
"roman": "načálstvo",
"word": "нача́лство"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ru",
"3": "нача́ло"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Russian нача́ло (načálo)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*načędlo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *načędlo",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Russian нача́ло (načálo), ultimately from Proto-Slavic *načędlo, an instrumental noun of *načęti (“to initiate”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "нача́ло",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "načálo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лен",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ло",
"roman": "načálo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "начала́",
"roman": "načalá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лото",
"roman": "načáloto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "начала́та",
"roman": "načaláta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "нача́ло",
"2": "n",
"adj": "нача́лен"
},
"expansion": "нача́ло • (načálo) n (relational adjective нача́лен)",
"name": "bg-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"на‧ча‧ло"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "нача́ло<c>"
},
"name": "bg-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"beginning, start"
],
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
],
[
"start",
"start"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"source, origin"
],
"links": [
[
"source",
"source"
],
[
"origin",
"origin"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "as a rule",
"roman": "po načálo",
"text": "по нача́ло",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"principle, rule"
],
"links": [
[
"principle",
"principle"
],
[
"rule",
"rule"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually in the plural) principle, rule"
],
"tags": [
"plural-normally"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"element, quality, essential feature"
],
"links": [
[
"element",
"element"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
],
[
"essential",
"essential"
],
[
"feature",
"feature"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian pluralia tantum",
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "on a voluntary basis",
"roman": "na dobrovólni načalá",
"text": "на доброво́лни начала́",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"basis"
],
"links": [
[
"basis",
"basis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(plural only) basis"
],
"tags": [
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[nɐˈt͡ʃa̟ɫo]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "načélo",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "наче́ло"
},
{
"word": "inherited pronunciation"
}
],
"word": "начало"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Russian 3-syllable words",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian hard-stem neuter-form accent-a nouns",
"Russian hard-stem neuter-form nouns",
"Russian inanimate nouns",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Russian neuter nouns",
"Russian non-lemma forms",
"Russian nouns",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"Russian terms borrowed from Old Church Slavonic",
"Russian terms derived from Old Church Slavonic",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Russian terms suffixed with -ло",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian verb forms"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "cu",
"3": "начѧло"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic начѧло",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*načędlo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *načędlo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "нача́ть",
"3": "-ло"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, нача́ть (načátʹ) + -ло (-lo)",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ken-",
"4": "",
"5": "new, fresh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“new, fresh”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic начѧло, from Proto-Slavic *načędlo. By surface analysis, нача́ть (načátʹ) + -ло (-lo), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“new, fresh”), whence English recent and ceno-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "нача́ло",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "načálo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́л",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́льный",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ло",
"roman": "načálo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"roman": "načála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"roman": "načála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́л",
"roman": "načál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лу",
"roman": "načálu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лам",
"roman": "načálam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ло",
"roman": "načálo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"roman": "načála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лом",
"roman": "načálom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лами",
"roman": "načálami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ле",
"roman": "načále",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лах",
"roman": "načálax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ло",
"roman": "načálo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"roman": "načála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"roman": "načála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лъ",
"roman": "načál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лу",
"roman": "načálu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ламъ",
"roman": "načálam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ло",
"roman": "načálo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dated",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"roman": "načála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dated",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ломъ",
"roman": "načálom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лами",
"roman": "načálami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лѣ",
"roman": "načálě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лахъ",
"roman": "načálax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "нача́ло",
"adj": "нача́льный"
},
"expansion": "нача́ло • (načálo) n inan (genitive нача́ла, nominative plural нача́ла, genitive plural нача́л, relational adjective нача́льный)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "načálʹnik",
"word": "нача́льник"
},
{
"roman": "načálʹnyj",
"word": "нача́льный"
},
{
"roman": "načátʹ",
"word": "нача́ть"
},
{
"roman": "načinánije",
"word": "начина́ние"
},
{
"roman": "načinátʹ",
"word": "начина́ть"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "коне́ц"
}
],
"categories": [
"Russian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "in the early 1980s",
"roman": "v načále 80-x godóv",
"text": "в нача́ле 80-х годо́в",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beginning, commencement, onset, start"
],
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
],
[
"commencement",
"commencement"
],
[
"onset",
"onset"
],
[
"start",
"start"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"source, origin"
],
"links": [
[
"source",
"source"
],
[
"origin",
"origin"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"principles, basis, basics"
],
"links": [
[
"principles",
"principles"
],
[
"basis",
"basis"
],
[
"basics",
"basics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the plural) principles, basis, basics"
],
"tags": [
"in-plural"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"command, authority"
],
"links": [
[
"command",
"command"
],
[
"authority",
"authority"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[nɐˈt͡ɕaɫə]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-начало.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/Ru-%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE.ogg/Ru-%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Ru-%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "osnóva",
"word": "осно́ва"
},
{
"roman": "počín",
"word": "почи́н"
},
{
"roman": "rukovódstvo",
"word": "руково́дство"
},
{
"english": "start",
"word": "старт"
}
],
"word": "начало"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Russian 3-syllable words",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian non-lemma forms",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian verb forms"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "на́чало",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "náčalo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "verb form",
"head": "на́чало"
},
"expansion": "на́чало • (náčalo)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "načátʹ",
"word": "нача́ть"
}
],
"glosses": [
"neuter singular past indicative perfective of нача́ть (načátʹ)"
],
"links": [
[
"нача́ть",
"начать#Russian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"neuter",
"past",
"perfective",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈnat͡ɕɪɫə]"
}
],
"word": "начало"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*načędlo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *načędlo",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *načędlo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "нача́ло",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "načálo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́л",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "uk-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ло",
"roman": "načálo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"roman": "načála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"roman": "načála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́л",
"roman": "načál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лу",
"roman": "načálu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лам",
"roman": "načálam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ло",
"roman": "načálo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"roman": "načála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лом",
"roman": "načálom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лами",
"roman": "načálamy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лі",
"roman": "načáli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́лах",
"roman": "načálax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ло",
"roman": "načálo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ла",
"roman": "načála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "нача́ло<>"
},
"expansion": "нача́ло • (načálo) n inan (genitive нача́ла, nominative plural нача́ла, genitive plural нача́л)",
"name": "uk-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "нача́ло<>"
},
"name": "uk-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Ukrainian dated terms",
"Ukrainian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ukrainian hard neuter-form accent-a nouns",
"Ukrainian hard neuter-form nouns",
"Ukrainian inanimate nouns",
"Ukrainian lemmas",
"Ukrainian neuter nouns",
"Ukrainian nouns",
"Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern a",
"Ukrainian poetic terms",
"Ukrainian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Ukrainian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"beginning, start"
],
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
],
[
"start",
"start"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated or poetic) beginning, start"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "standard term",
"word": "поча́ток"
}
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[nɐˈt͡ʃaɫɔ]"
},
{
"audio": "Uk-начало.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/32/Uk-%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE.ogg/Uk-%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Uk-%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE.ogg"
}
],
"word": "начало"
}
Download raw JSONL data for начало meaning in All languages combined (15.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.