See калуга on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for калуга meaning in All languages combined (10.8kB)
{
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"g2": "",
"g3": "",
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},
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{
"args": {
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"2": "кал",
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"t1": "mud"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, кал (kal, “mud”) + -уга (-uga)",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kaluga. By surface analysis, кал (kal, “mud”) + -уга (-uga).",
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{
"form": "калу́га",
"tags": [
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"form": "bg-ndecl",
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},
{
"form": "калу́га",
"roman": "kalúga",
"source": "declension",
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"indefinite",
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]
},
{
"form": "калу́ги",
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},
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"form": "калу́гата",
"roman": "kalúgata",
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},
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"form": "калу́гите",
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{
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"english": "mud field",
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"extra": "kal, “mud, sludge”",
"word": "кал"
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],
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"Augmentative of кал (kal, “mud, sludge”)"
],
"id": "en-калуга-bg-noun-7MvocmCV",
"links": [
[
"кал",
"кал#Bulgarian"
],
[
"mud",
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],
[
"sludge",
"sludge"
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],
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}
],
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"mudtrap, quicksand (liquified mud in which one could sink)"
],
"id": "en-калуга-bg-noun-Z3pzjsaY",
"links": [
[
"mudtrap",
"mudtrap"
],
[
"quicksand",
"quicksand"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) mudtrap, quicksand (liquified mud in which one could sink)"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"dialectal"
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}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kɐˈɫuɡɐ]"
},
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],
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"form": "калу́гите",
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"kaluga (type of sturgeon: Huso dauricus)"
],
"id": "en-калуга-bg-noun-1bM9dhIs",
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"ipa": "[kɐˈɫuɡɐ]"
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"4": "fish"
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],
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"form": "калу́га",
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"form": "kalúga",
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"form": "калу́ги",
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"form": "калу́ги",
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"form": "калу́г",
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"form": "velar-stem",
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"form": "accent-a",
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"form": "калу́га",
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{
"form": "калу́ги",
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"nominative",
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"form": "калу́г",
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"genitive",
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"form": "калу́ге",
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"tags": [
"dative",
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{
"form": "калу́гам",
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"form": "калу́гу",
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},
{
"form": "калу́г",
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{
"form": "калу́гою",
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"instrumental",
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"form": "калу́гами",
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"instrumental",
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},
{
"form": "калу́ге",
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"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
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},
{
"form": "калу́гах",
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}
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}
],
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"Bulgarian terms derived from Finnic languages",
"Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
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"t1": "mud"
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"form": "калу́га",
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},
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"form": "калу́гите",
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"extra": "kal, “mud, sludge”",
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"Augmentative of кал (kal, “mud, sludge”)"
],
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[
"кал",
"кал#Bulgarian"
],
[
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],
[
"sludge",
"sludge"
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"tags": [
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"categories": [
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"glosses": [
"mudtrap, quicksand (liquified mud in which one could sink)"
],
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"mudtrap",
"mudtrap"
],
[
"quicksand",
"quicksand"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) mudtrap, quicksand (liquified mud in which one could sink)"
],
"tags": [
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"dialectal"
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}
],
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},
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0.wav/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"bg:Калуга (риба)"
],
"word": "калуга"
}
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Bulgarian feminine nouns",
"Bulgarian lemmas",
"Bulgarian nouns",
"Bulgarian terms borrowed from Russian",
"Bulgarian terms derived from Finnic languages",
"Bulgarian terms derived from Russian",
"Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Bulgarian terms with audio links",
"bg:Acipenseriform fish",
"bg:Geology"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ru",
"3": "калу́га",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Russian калу́га (kalúga)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ru",
"3": "калу́га"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Russian калу́га (kalúga)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "urj-fin"
},
"expansion": "Finnic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kala",
"3": "",
"4": "fish"
},
"expansion": "Finnish kala (“fish”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Russian калу́га (kalúga), probably of Finnic origin (cf. Finnish kala (“fish”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "калу́га",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kalúga",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "калу́га",
"roman": "kalúga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "калу́ги",
"roman": "kalúgi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "калу́гата",
"roman": "kalúgata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "калу́гите",
"roman": "kalúgite",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "калу́га",
"2": "f"
},
"expansion": "калу́га • (kalúga) f",
"name": "bg-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "калу́га<>"
},
"name": "bg-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)"
],
"glosses": [
"kaluga (type of sturgeon: Huso dauricus)"
],
"links": [
[
"kaluga",
"kaluga"
],
[
"Huso dauricus",
"Wikispecies:Huso dauricus"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kɐˈɫuɡɐ]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7918 (bul)-Kiril kovachev-калуга.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0.wav/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0.wav/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "калуга"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "urj-fin"
},
"expansion": "Finnic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kala",
"3": "",
"4": "fish"
},
"expansion": "Finnish kala (“fish”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably of Finnic origin (cf. Finnish kala (“fish”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "калу́га",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kalúga",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "калу́ги",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "калу́ги",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "калу́г",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "velar-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "калу́га",
"roman": "kalúga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "калу́ги",
"roman": "kalúgi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "калу́ги",
"roman": "kalúgi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "калу́г",
"roman": "kalúg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "калу́ге",
"roman": "kalúge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "калу́гам",
"roman": "kalúgam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "калу́гу",
"roman": "kalúgu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "калу́г",
"roman": "kalúg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "калу́гой",
"roman": "kalúgoj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "калу́гою",
"roman": "kalúgoju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "калу́гами",
"roman": "kalúgami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "калу́ге",
"roman": "kalúge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "калу́гах",
"roman": "kalúgax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "калу́га",
"a": "an"
},
"expansion": "калу́га • (kalúga) f anim (genitive калу́ги, nominative plural калу́ги, genitive plural калу́г)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Russian 3-syllable words",
"Russian animate nouns",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian feminine nouns",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Russian nouns",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"Russian terms derived from Finnic languages",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian terms with audio links",
"Russian velar-stem feminine-form accent-a nouns",
"Russian velar-stem feminine-form nouns",
"ru:Acipenseriform fish"
],
"glosses": [
"kaluga, great Siberian sturgeon (type of sturgeon: Huso dauricus)"
],
"links": [
[
"kaluga",
"kaluga"
],
[
"great Siberian sturgeon",
"great Siberian sturgeon"
],
[
"Huso dauricus",
"Wikispecies:Huso dauricus"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kɐˈɫuɡə]"
},
{
"audio": "rus-Konstantin L.-калуга.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/Rus-Konstantin_L.-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0.wav/Rus-Konstantin_L.-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/Rus-Konstantin_L.-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0.wav/Rus-Konstantin_L.-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "калуга"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.