"χόνδρος" meaning in All languages combined

See χόνδρος on Wiktionary

Noun [Ancient Greek]

IPA: /kʰón.dros/, /ˈxon.dros/, /ˈxon.dros/, /kʰón.dros/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /ˈkʰon.dros/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /ˈxon.dros/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /ˈxon.dros/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /ˈxon.dros/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan)
Etymology: Maybe with dissimilatory elision from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ- (“to grind, crush”) (see *gʰer-), the same root of Proto-Germanic *grindaną (“to grind”) and Latin frendō (“I gnash”), + -ρος (-ros). However, Beekes finds this proposal unconvincing. Etymology templates: {{etymon|grc|id=lump}}, {{der|grc|ine-pro|*gʰrendʰ-||to grind, crush}} Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ- (“to grind, crush”), {{cog|gem-pro|*grindaną||to grind}} Proto-Germanic *grindaną (“to grind”), {{cog|la|frendō||I gnash}} Latin frendō (“I gnash”), {{suf|grc||-ρός|alt2=-ρος}} + -ρος (-ros), {{unk|grc|unconvincing}} unconvincing Head templates: {{grc-noun|χόνδρου|m|second}} χόνδρος • (khóndros) m (genitive χόνδρου); second declension Inflection templates: {{grc-decl|χόνδρος|ου}} Forms: khóndros [romanization], χόνδρου [genitive], Attic declension-2 [table-tags], ὁ χόνδρος [nominative, singular], χόνδρω [dual, nominative], οἱ χόνδροι [nominative, plural], τοῦ χόνδρου [genitive, singular], χόνδροιν [dual, genitive], χόνδρων [genitive, plural], τῷ χόνδρῳ [dative, singular], χόνδροιν [dative, dual], τοῖς χόνδροις [dative, plural], τὸν χόνδρον [accusative, singular], χόνδρω [accusative, dual], τοὺς χόνδρους [accusative, plural], χόνδρε [singular, vocative], χόνδρω [dual, vocative], χόνδροι [plural, vocative]
  1. A small rounded mass: lump
    Sense id: en-χόνδρος-grc-noun-KZdLRXDS Categories (other): Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension, Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified, Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός Disambiguation of Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension: 39 41 19 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified: 38 42 19 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός: 37 43 20
  2. grain, groat, corn, spelt
    Sense id: en-χόνδρος-grc-noun-Tlv3lGag Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension, Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified, Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 36 45 20 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension: 39 41 19 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified: 38 42 19 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός: 37 43 20
  3. cartilage
    Sense id: en-χόνδρος-grc-noun-MyEdYJj9 Categories (other): Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension, Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified, Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός Disambiguation of Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension: 39 41 19 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified: 38 42 19 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός: 37 43 20
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: ἄχονδρος (ákhondros), χονδρῑ́λη (khondrī́lē), χόνδρινος (khóndrinos)

Noun [Greek]

IPA: /ˈxon.ðɾos/
Etymology: Borrowed from Ancient Greek χόνδρος (khóndros, “groat, cartilage”). Etymology templates: {{bor+|el|grc|χόνδρος||groat, cartilage}} Borrowed from Ancient Greek χόνδρος (khóndros, “groat, cartilage”) Head templates: {{head|el|nouns|||plural|χόνδροι|||||||||||||||||||||||cat2=|cat3=|cat4=|g=m|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=|tr2=|ts=}} χόνδρος • (chóndros) m (plural χόνδροι), {{el-noun|m|χόνδροι}} χόνδρος • (chóndros) m (plural χόνδροι) Inflection templates: {{el-decl-noun|χόνδρος|χόνδροι|χόνδρου|χόνδρων|χόνδρο|χόνδρους|χόνδρε|χόνδροι|note=}} Forms: chóndros [romanization], χόνδροι [plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], χόνδρος [nominative, singular], χόνδροι [nominative, plural], χόνδρου [genitive, singular], χόνδρων [genitive, plural], χόνδρο [accusative, singular], χόνδρους [accusative, plural], χόνδρε [singular, vocative], χόνδροι [plural, vocative]
  1. (anatomy) cartilage, gristle, cartilaginous skeletal material
    Sense id: en-χόνδρος-el-noun-5l-PjWkq Categories (other): Anatomy, Greek nouns declining like 'δρόμος' Disambiguation of Greek nouns declining like 'δρόμος': 63 37 Topics: anatomy, medicine, sciences
  2. groats
    Sense id: en-χόνδρος-el-noun-WoEVaCJ8 Categories (other): Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Greek entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 10 10 5 9 65 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 6 6 3 5 80 Disambiguation of Greek entries with incorrect language header: 16 84
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: χονδρικός (chondrikós) (english: cartilaginous)
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "ákhondros",
      "word": "ἄχονδρος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "khondrī́lē",
      "word": "χονδρῑ́λη"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "khóndrinos",
      "word": "χόνδρινος"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ar",
            "2": "خَنْدَرِيس",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Arabic: خَنْدَرِيس (ḵandarīs)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Arabic: خَنْدَرِيس (ḵandarīs)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "chondro-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: chondro-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: chondro-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "χόνδρος",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Greek: χόνδρος (chóndros)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Greek: χόνδρος (chóndros)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "id": "lump"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰrendʰ-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to grind, crush"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ- (“to grind, crush”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*grindaną",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to grind"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grindaną (“to grind”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "frendō",
        "3": "",
        "4": "I gnash"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin frendō (“I gnash”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "",
        "3": "-ρός",
        "alt2": "-ρος"
      },
      "expansion": "+ -ρος (-ros)",
      "name": "suf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "unconvincing"
      },
      "expansion": "unconvincing",
      "name": "unk"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Maybe with dissimilatory elision from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ- (“to grind, crush”) (see *gʰer-), the same root of Proto-Germanic *grindaną (“to grind”) and Latin frendō (“I gnash”), + -ρος (-ros). However, Beekes finds this proposal unconvincing.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "khóndros",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρου",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ὁ χόνδρος",
      "roman": "ho khóndros",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρω",
      "roman": "khóndrō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "οἱ χόνδροι",
      "roman": "hoi khóndroi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ χόνδρου",
      "roman": "toû khóndrou",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδροιν",
      "roman": "khóndroin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρων",
      "roman": "khóndrōn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ χόνδρῳ",
      "roman": "tôi khóndrōi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδροιν",
      "roman": "khóndroin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς χόνδροις",
      "roman": "toîs khóndrois",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸν χόνδρον",
      "roman": "tòn khóndron",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρω",
      "roman": "khóndrō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοὺς χόνδρους",
      "roman": "toùs khóndrous",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρε",
      "roman": "khóndre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρω",
      "roman": "khóndrō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδροι",
      "roman": "khóndroi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "χόνδρου",
        "2": "m",
        "3": "second"
      },
      "expansion": "χόνδρος • (khóndros) m (genitive χόνδρου); second declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "χόνδρος",
        "2": "ου"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "39 41 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 42 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 43 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A small rounded mass: lump"
      ],
      "id": "en-χόνδρος-grc-noun-KZdLRXDS",
      "links": [
        [
          "lump",
          "lump"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "36 45 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "39 41 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 42 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 43 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "grain, groat, corn, spelt"
      ],
      "id": "en-χόνδρος-grc-noun-Tlv3lGag",
      "links": [
        [
          "grain",
          "grain"
        ],
        [
          "groat",
          "groat"
        ],
        [
          "corn",
          "corn"
        ],
        [
          "spelt",
          "spelt"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "39 41 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 42 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 43 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cartilage"
      ],
      "id": "en-χόνδρος-grc-noun-MyEdYJj9",
      "links": [
        [
          "cartilage",
          "cartilage"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰón.dros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxon.dros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxon.dros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰón.dros/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkʰon.dros/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxon.dros/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxon.dros/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxon.dros/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "χόνδρος"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "el",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "χόνδρος",
        "4": "",
        "5": "groat, cartilage"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Ancient Greek χόνδρος (khóndros, “groat, cartilage”)",
      "name": "bor+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ancient Greek χόνδρος (khóndros, “groat, cartilage”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chóndros",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδροι",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "el-nM-ος-οι-2a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρος",
      "roman": "chóndros",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδροι",
      "roman": "chóndroi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρου",
      "roman": "chóndrou",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρων",
      "roman": "chóndron",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρο",
      "roman": "chóndro",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρους",
      "roman": "chóndrous",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρε",
      "roman": "chóndre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδροι",
      "roman": "chóndroi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "el",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "",
        "15": "",
        "16": "",
        "17": "",
        "18": "",
        "19": "",
        "2": "nouns",
        "20": "",
        "21": "",
        "22": "",
        "23": "",
        "24": "",
        "25": "",
        "26": "",
        "27": "",
        "28": "",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "plural",
        "6": "χόνδροι",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "cat4": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr2": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "χόνδρος • (chóndros) m (plural χόνδροι)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "χόνδροι"
      },
      "expansion": "χόνδρος • (chóndros) m (plural χόνδροι)",
      "name": "el-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "χόνδρος",
        "2": "χόνδροι",
        "3": "χόνδρου",
        "4": "χόνδρων",
        "5": "χόνδρο",
        "6": "χόνδρους",
        "7": "χόνδρε",
        "8": "χόνδροι",
        "note": ""
      },
      "name": "el-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Greek",
  "lang_code": "el",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "cartilaginous",
      "roman": "chondrikós",
      "word": "χονδρικός"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "el",
          "name": "Anatomy",
          "orig": "el:Anatomy",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "63 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Greek nouns declining like 'δρόμος'",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cartilage, gristle, cartilaginous skeletal material"
      ],
      "id": "en-χόνδρος-el-noun-5l-PjWkq",
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "cartilage",
          "cartilage"
        ],
        [
          "gristle",
          "gristle"
        ],
        [
          "cartilaginous",
          "cartilaginous"
        ],
        [
          "skeletal",
          "skeletal"
        ],
        [
          "material",
          "material"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(anatomy) cartilage, gristle, cartilaginous skeletal material"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 10 5 9 65",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 6 3 5 80",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 84",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "groats"
      ],
      "id": "en-χόνδρος-el-noun-WoEVaCJ8",
      "links": [
        [
          "groat",
          "groat"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxon.ðɾos/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "χόνδρος"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
    "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Ancient Greek lemmas",
    "Ancient Greek masculine nouns",
    "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
    "Ancient Greek nouns",
    "Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
    "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns",
    "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός",
    "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Ancient Greek terms with unknown etymologies",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "ákhondros",
      "word": "ἄχονδρος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khondrī́lē",
      "word": "χονδρῑ́λη"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khóndrinos",
      "word": "χόνδρινος"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ar",
            "2": "خَنْدَرِيس",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Arabic: خَنْدَرِيس (ḵandarīs)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Arabic: خَنْدَرِيس (ḵandarīs)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "chondro-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: chondro-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: chondro-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "χόνδρος",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Greek: χόνδρος (chóndros)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Greek: χόνδρος (chóndros)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "id": "lump"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰrendʰ-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to grind, crush"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ- (“to grind, crush”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*grindaną",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to grind"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grindaną (“to grind”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "frendō",
        "3": "",
        "4": "I gnash"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin frendō (“I gnash”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "",
        "3": "-ρός",
        "alt2": "-ρος"
      },
      "expansion": "+ -ρος (-ros)",
      "name": "suf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "unconvincing"
      },
      "expansion": "unconvincing",
      "name": "unk"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Maybe with dissimilatory elision from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ- (“to grind, crush”) (see *gʰer-), the same root of Proto-Germanic *grindaną (“to grind”) and Latin frendō (“I gnash”), + -ρος (-ros). However, Beekes finds this proposal unconvincing.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "khóndros",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρου",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ὁ χόνδρος",
      "roman": "ho khóndros",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρω",
      "roman": "khóndrō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "οἱ χόνδροι",
      "roman": "hoi khóndroi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ χόνδρου",
      "roman": "toû khóndrou",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδροιν",
      "roman": "khóndroin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρων",
      "roman": "khóndrōn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ χόνδρῳ",
      "roman": "tôi khóndrōi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδροιν",
      "roman": "khóndroin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς χόνδροις",
      "roman": "toîs khóndrois",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸν χόνδρον",
      "roman": "tòn khóndron",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρω",
      "roman": "khóndrō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοὺς χόνδρους",
      "roman": "toùs khóndrous",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρε",
      "roman": "khóndre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρω",
      "roman": "khóndrō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδροι",
      "roman": "khóndroi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "χόνδρου",
        "2": "m",
        "3": "second"
      },
      "expansion": "χόνδρος • (khóndros) m (genitive χόνδρου); second declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "χόνδρος",
        "2": "ου"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A small rounded mass: lump"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lump",
          "lump"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "grain, groat, corn, spelt"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grain",
          "grain"
        ],
        [
          "groat",
          "groat"
        ],
        [
          "corn",
          "corn"
        ],
        [
          "spelt",
          "spelt"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "cartilage"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cartilage",
          "cartilage"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰón.dros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxon.dros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxon.dros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰón.dros/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkʰon.dros/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxon.dros/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxon.dros/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxon.dros/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "χόνδρος"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Greek lemmas",
    "Greek masculine nouns",
    "Greek nouns",
    "Greek nouns declining like 'δρόμος'",
    "Greek terms borrowed from Ancient Greek",
    "Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "el",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "χόνδρος",
        "4": "",
        "5": "groat, cartilage"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Ancient Greek χόνδρος (khóndros, “groat, cartilage”)",
      "name": "bor+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ancient Greek χόνδρος (khóndros, “groat, cartilage”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chóndros",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδροι",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "el-nM-ος-οι-2a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρος",
      "roman": "chóndros",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδροι",
      "roman": "chóndroi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρου",
      "roman": "chóndrou",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρων",
      "roman": "chóndron",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρο",
      "roman": "chóndro",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρους",
      "roman": "chóndrous",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρε",
      "roman": "chóndre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδροι",
      "roman": "chóndroi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "el",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "",
        "15": "",
        "16": "",
        "17": "",
        "18": "",
        "19": "",
        "2": "nouns",
        "20": "",
        "21": "",
        "22": "",
        "23": "",
        "24": "",
        "25": "",
        "26": "",
        "27": "",
        "28": "",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "plural",
        "6": "χόνδροι",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "cat4": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr2": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "χόνδρος • (chóndros) m (plural χόνδροι)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "χόνδροι"
      },
      "expansion": "χόνδρος • (chóndros) m (plural χόνδροι)",
      "name": "el-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "χόνδρος",
        "2": "χόνδροι",
        "3": "χόνδρου",
        "4": "χόνδρων",
        "5": "χόνδρο",
        "6": "χόνδρους",
        "7": "χόνδρε",
        "8": "χόνδροι",
        "note": ""
      },
      "name": "el-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Greek",
  "lang_code": "el",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "cartilaginous",
      "roman": "chondrikós",
      "word": "χονδρικός"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "el:Anatomy"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cartilage, gristle, cartilaginous skeletal material"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "cartilage",
          "cartilage"
        ],
        [
          "gristle",
          "gristle"
        ],
        [
          "cartilaginous",
          "cartilaginous"
        ],
        [
          "skeletal",
          "skeletal"
        ],
        [
          "material",
          "material"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(anatomy) cartilage, gristle, cartilaginous skeletal material"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "groats"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "groat",
          "groat"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxon.ðɾos/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "χόνδρος"
}

Download raw JSONL data for χόνδρος meaning in All languages combined (8.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-20 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.