"χόνδρος" meaning in All languages combined

See χόνδρος on Wiktionary

Noun [Ancient Greek]

IPA: /kʰón.dros/, /ˈxon.dros/, /ˈxon.dros/, /kʰón.dros/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /ˈkʰon.dros/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /ˈxon.dros/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /ˈxon.dros/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /ˈxon.dros/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan)
Etymology: Maybe with dissimilatory elision from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ- (“to grind, crush”) (see *gʰer-), the same root of Proto-Germanic *grindaną (“to grind”) and Latin frendō (“I gnash”), + -ρος (-ros). However, Beekes finds this proposal unconvincing. Etymology templates: {{der|grc|ine-pro|*gʰrendʰ-||to grind, crush}} Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ- (“to grind, crush”), {{m|ine-pro|*gʰer-}} *gʰer-, {{cog|gem-pro|*grindaną||to grind}} Proto-Germanic *grindaną (“to grind”), {{cog|la|frendō||I gnash}} Latin frendō (“I gnash”), {{suf|grc||-ρός|alt2=-ρος}} + -ρος (-ros), {{unk|grc|unconvincing}} unconvincing Head templates: {{grc-noun|χόνδρου|m|second}} χόνδρος • (khóndros) m (genitive χόνδρου); second declension Inflection templates: {{grc-decl|χόνδρος|ου}} Forms: khóndros [romanization], χόνδρου [genitive], Attic declension-2 [table-tags], ὁ χόνδρος [nominative, singular], τὼ χόνδρω [dual, nominative], οἱ χόνδροι [nominative, plural], τοῦ χόνδρου [genitive, singular], τοῖν χόνδροιν [dual, genitive], τῶν χόνδρων [genitive, plural], τῷ χόνδρῳ [dative, singular], τοῖν χόνδροιν [dative, dual], τοῖς χόνδροις [dative, plural], τὸν χόνδρον [accusative, singular], τὼ χόνδρω [accusative, dual], τοὺς χόνδρους [accusative, plural], χόνδρε [singular, vocative], χόνδρω [dual, vocative], χόνδροι [plural, vocative]
  1. A small rounded mass: lump
    Sense id: en-χόνδρος-grc-noun-KZdLRXDS Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension, Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified, Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός, Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 37 42 21 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension: 40 36 24 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified: 41 38 21 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός: 38 38 24 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes: 32 34 33
  2. grain, groat, corn, spelt
    Sense id: en-χόνδρος-grc-noun-Tlv3lGag Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension, Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified, Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός, Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 37 42 21 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension: 40 36 24 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified: 41 38 21 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός: 38 38 24 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes: 32 34 33
  3. cartilage
    Sense id: en-χόνδρος-grc-noun-MyEdYJj9 Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension, Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified, Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός, Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 37 42 21 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension: 40 36 24 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified: 41 38 21 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός: 38 38 24 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes: 32 34 33
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: ἄχονδρος (ákhondros), χόνδρινος (khóndrinos), χονδρῑ́λη (khondrī́lē)

Noun [Greek]

IPA: /ˈxon.ðɾos/
Etymology: Borrowed from Ancient Greek χόνδρος (khóndros, “groat, cartilage”). Etymology templates: {{glossary|loanword|Borrowed}} Borrowed, {{bor|el|grc|χόνδρος||groat, cartilage|g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Ancient Greek χόνδρος (khóndros, “groat, cartilage”), {{bor+|el|grc|χόνδρος||groat, cartilage}} Borrowed from Ancient Greek χόνδρος (khóndros, “groat, cartilage”) Head templates: {{head|el|nouns|||plural|χόνδροι|||||||||||||||||||||||cat2=|cat3=|cat4=|g=m|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=|tr2=}} χόνδρος • (chóndros) m (plural χόνδροι), {{el-noun|m|χόνδροι}} χόνδρος • (chóndros) m (plural χόνδροι) Inflection templates: {{el-decl-noun|χόνδρος|χόνδροι|χόνδρου|χόνδρων|χόνδρο|χόνδρους|χόνδρε|χόνδροι|note=}} Forms: chóndros [romanization], χόνδροι [plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], χόνδρος [nominative, singular], χόνδροι [nominative, plural], χόνδρου [genitive, singular], χόνδρων [genitive, plural], χόνδρο [accusative, singular], χόνδρους [accusative, plural], χόνδρε [singular, vocative], χόνδροι [plural, vocative]
  1. (anatomy) cartilage, gristle, cartilaginous skeletal material Categories (topical): Anatomy
    Sense id: en-χόνδρος-el-noun-5l-PjWkq Categories (other): Greek nouns declining like 'δρόμος' Disambiguation of Greek nouns declining like 'δρόμος': 63 37 Topics: anatomy, medicine, sciences
  2. groats
    Sense id: en-χόνδρος-el-noun-WoEVaCJ8 Categories (other): Greek entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Greek entries with incorrect language header: 19 81
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: χονδρικός (chondrikós) (english: cartilaginous)

Download JSON data for χόνδρος meaning in All languages combined (11.3kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "ákhondros",
      "word": "ἄχονδρος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "khóndrinos",
      "word": "χόνδρινος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "khondrī́lē",
      "word": "χονδρῑ́λη"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ar",
            "2": "خَنْدَرِيس",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Arabic: خَنْدَرِيس (ḵandarīs)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Arabic: خَنْدَرِيس (ḵandarīs)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "chondro-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: chondro-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: chondro-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "χόνδρος",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Greek: χόνδρος (chóndros)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Greek: χόνδρος (chóndros)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰrendʰ-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to grind, crush"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ- (“to grind, crush”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*gʰer-"
      },
      "expansion": "*gʰer-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*grindaną",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to grind"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grindaną (“to grind”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "frendō",
        "3": "",
        "4": "I gnash"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin frendō (“I gnash”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "",
        "3": "-ρός",
        "alt2": "-ρος"
      },
      "expansion": "+ -ρος (-ros)",
      "name": "suf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "unconvincing"
      },
      "expansion": "unconvincing",
      "name": "unk"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Maybe with dissimilatory elision from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ- (“to grind, crush”) (see *gʰer-), the same root of Proto-Germanic *grindaną (“to grind”) and Latin frendō (“I gnash”), + -ρος (-ros). However, Beekes finds this proposal unconvincing.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "khóndros",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρου",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ὁ χόνδρος",
      "roman": "ho khóndros",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ χόνδρω",
      "roman": "tṑ khóndrō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "οἱ χόνδροι",
      "roman": "hoi khóndroi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ χόνδρου",
      "roman": "toû khóndrou",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν χόνδροιν",
      "roman": "toîn khóndroin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν χόνδρων",
      "roman": "tôn khóndrōn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ χόνδρῳ",
      "roman": "tôi khóndrōi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν χόνδροιν",
      "roman": "toîn khóndroin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς χόνδροις",
      "roman": "toîs khóndrois",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸν χόνδρον",
      "roman": "tòn khóndron",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ χόνδρω",
      "roman": "tṑ khóndrō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοὺς χόνδρους",
      "roman": "toùs khóndrous",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρε",
      "roman": "khóndre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρω",
      "roman": "khóndrō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδροι",
      "roman": "khóndroi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "χόνδρου",
        "2": "m",
        "3": "second"
      },
      "expansion": "χόνδρος • (khóndros) m (genitive χόνδρου); second declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "χόνδρος",
        "2": "ου"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "37 42 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "40 36 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "41 38 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 38 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 34 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A small rounded mass: lump"
      ],
      "id": "en-χόνδρος-grc-noun-KZdLRXDS",
      "links": [
        [
          "lump",
          "lump"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "37 42 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "40 36 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "41 38 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 38 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 34 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "grain, groat, corn, spelt"
      ],
      "id": "en-χόνδρος-grc-noun-Tlv3lGag",
      "links": [
        [
          "grain",
          "grain"
        ],
        [
          "groat",
          "groat"
        ],
        [
          "corn",
          "corn"
        ],
        [
          "spelt",
          "spelt"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "37 42 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "40 36 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "41 38 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 38 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 34 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cartilage"
      ],
      "id": "en-χόνδρος-grc-noun-MyEdYJj9",
      "links": [
        [
          "cartilage",
          "cartilage"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰón.dros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxon.dros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxon.dros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰón.dros/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkʰon.dros/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxon.dros/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxon.dros/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxon.dros/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "χόνδρος"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "loanword",
        "2": "Borrowed"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "el",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "χόνδρος",
        "4": "",
        "5": "groat, cartilage",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek χόνδρος (khóndros, “groat, cartilage”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "el",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "χόνδρος",
        "4": "",
        "5": "groat, cartilage"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Ancient Greek χόνδρος (khóndros, “groat, cartilage”)",
      "name": "bor+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ancient Greek χόνδρος (khóndros, “groat, cartilage”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chóndros",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδροι",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "el-nM-ος-οι-2a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρος",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδροι",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρου",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρων",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρο",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρους",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρε",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδροι",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "el",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "",
        "15": "",
        "16": "",
        "17": "",
        "18": "",
        "19": "",
        "2": "nouns",
        "20": "",
        "21": "",
        "22": "",
        "23": "",
        "24": "",
        "25": "",
        "26": "",
        "27": "",
        "28": "",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "plural",
        "6": "χόνδροι",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "cat4": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr2": ""
      },
      "expansion": "χόνδρος • (chóndros) m (plural χόνδροι)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "χόνδροι"
      },
      "expansion": "χόνδρος • (chóndros) m (plural χόνδροι)",
      "name": "el-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "χόνδρος",
        "2": "χόνδροι",
        "3": "χόνδρου",
        "4": "χόνδρων",
        "5": "χόνδρο",
        "6": "χόνδρους",
        "7": "χόνδρε",
        "8": "χόνδροι",
        "note": ""
      },
      "name": "el-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Greek",
  "lang_code": "el",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "cartilaginous",
      "roman": "chondrikós",
      "word": "χονδρικός"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "el",
          "name": "Anatomy",
          "orig": "el:Anatomy",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "63 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Greek nouns declining like 'δρόμος'",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cartilage, gristle, cartilaginous skeletal material"
      ],
      "id": "en-χόνδρος-el-noun-5l-PjWkq",
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "cartilage",
          "cartilage"
        ],
        [
          "gristle",
          "gristle"
        ],
        [
          "cartilaginous",
          "cartilaginous"
        ],
        [
          "skeletal",
          "skeletal"
        ],
        [
          "material",
          "material"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(anatomy) cartilage, gristle, cartilaginous skeletal material"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "19 81",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "groats"
      ],
      "id": "en-χόνδρος-el-noun-WoEVaCJ8",
      "links": [
        [
          "groat",
          "groat"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxon.ðɾos/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "χόνδρος"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
    "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Ancient Greek lemmas",
    "Ancient Greek masculine nouns",
    "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
    "Ancient Greek nouns",
    "Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
    "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns",
    "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ρός",
    "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
    "Ancient Greek terms with unknown etymologies"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "ákhondros",
      "word": "ἄχονδρος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khóndrinos",
      "word": "χόνδρινος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khondrī́lē",
      "word": "χονδρῑ́λη"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ar",
            "2": "خَنْدَرِيس",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Arabic: خَنْدَرِيس (ḵandarīs)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Arabic: خَنْدَرِيس (ḵandarīs)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "chondro-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: chondro-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: chondro-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "χόνδρος",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Greek: χόνδρος (chóndros)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Greek: χόνδρος (chóndros)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰrendʰ-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to grind, crush"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ- (“to grind, crush”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*gʰer-"
      },
      "expansion": "*gʰer-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*grindaną",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to grind"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grindaną (“to grind”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "frendō",
        "3": "",
        "4": "I gnash"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin frendō (“I gnash”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "",
        "3": "-ρός",
        "alt2": "-ρος"
      },
      "expansion": "+ -ρος (-ros)",
      "name": "suf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "unconvincing"
      },
      "expansion": "unconvincing",
      "name": "unk"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Maybe with dissimilatory elision from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ- (“to grind, crush”) (see *gʰer-), the same root of Proto-Germanic *grindaną (“to grind”) and Latin frendō (“I gnash”), + -ρος (-ros). However, Beekes finds this proposal unconvincing.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "khóndros",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρου",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ὁ χόνδρος",
      "roman": "ho khóndros",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ χόνδρω",
      "roman": "tṑ khóndrō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "οἱ χόνδροι",
      "roman": "hoi khóndroi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ χόνδρου",
      "roman": "toû khóndrou",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν χόνδροιν",
      "roman": "toîn khóndroin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν χόνδρων",
      "roman": "tôn khóndrōn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ χόνδρῳ",
      "roman": "tôi khóndrōi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν χόνδροιν",
      "roman": "toîn khóndroin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς χόνδροις",
      "roman": "toîs khóndrois",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸν χόνδρον",
      "roman": "tòn khóndron",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ χόνδρω",
      "roman": "tṑ khóndrō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοὺς χόνδρους",
      "roman": "toùs khóndrous",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρε",
      "roman": "khóndre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρω",
      "roman": "khóndrō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδροι",
      "roman": "khóndroi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "χόνδρου",
        "2": "m",
        "3": "second"
      },
      "expansion": "χόνδρος • (khóndros) m (genitive χόνδρου); second declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "χόνδρος",
        "2": "ου"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A small rounded mass: lump"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lump",
          "lump"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "grain, groat, corn, spelt"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grain",
          "grain"
        ],
        [
          "groat",
          "groat"
        ],
        [
          "corn",
          "corn"
        ],
        [
          "spelt",
          "spelt"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "cartilage"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cartilage",
          "cartilage"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰón.dros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxon.dros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxon.dros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰón.dros/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkʰon.dros/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxon.dros/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxon.dros/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxon.dros/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "χόνδρος"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Greek lemmas",
    "Greek masculine nouns",
    "Greek nouns",
    "Greek nouns declining like 'δρόμος'",
    "Greek terms borrowed from Ancient Greek",
    "Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "Greek terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "loanword",
        "2": "Borrowed"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "el",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "χόνδρος",
        "4": "",
        "5": "groat, cartilage",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek χόνδρος (khóndros, “groat, cartilage”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "el",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "χόνδρος",
        "4": "",
        "5": "groat, cartilage"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Ancient Greek χόνδρος (khóndros, “groat, cartilage”)",
      "name": "bor+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ancient Greek χόνδρος (khóndros, “groat, cartilage”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chóndros",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδροι",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "el-nM-ος-οι-2a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρος",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδροι",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρου",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρων",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρο",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρους",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδρε",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χόνδροι",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "el",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "",
        "15": "",
        "16": "",
        "17": "",
        "18": "",
        "19": "",
        "2": "nouns",
        "20": "",
        "21": "",
        "22": "",
        "23": "",
        "24": "",
        "25": "",
        "26": "",
        "27": "",
        "28": "",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "plural",
        "6": "χόνδροι",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "cat4": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr2": ""
      },
      "expansion": "χόνδρος • (chóndros) m (plural χόνδροι)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "χόνδροι"
      },
      "expansion": "χόνδρος • (chóndros) m (plural χόνδροι)",
      "name": "el-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "χόνδρος",
        "2": "χόνδροι",
        "3": "χόνδρου",
        "4": "χόνδρων",
        "5": "χόνδρο",
        "6": "χόνδρους",
        "7": "χόνδρε",
        "8": "χόνδροι",
        "note": ""
      },
      "name": "el-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Greek",
  "lang_code": "el",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "cartilaginous",
      "roman": "chondrikós",
      "word": "χονδρικός"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "el:Anatomy"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cartilage, gristle, cartilaginous skeletal material"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "cartilage",
          "cartilage"
        ],
        [
          "gristle",
          "gristle"
        ],
        [
          "cartilaginous",
          "cartilaginous"
        ],
        [
          "skeletal",
          "skeletal"
        ],
        [
          "material",
          "material"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(anatomy) cartilage, gristle, cartilaginous skeletal material"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "groats"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "groat",
          "groat"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxon.ðɾos/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "χόνδρος"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.