See πνεῦμα on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for πνεῦμα meaning in All languages combined (8.8kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pneûmatikós",
"word": "πνεῦμᾰτικός"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pneumátion",
"word": "πνευμάτιον"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pneumátios",
"word": "πνευμάτιος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pneumatóō",
"word": "πνευματόω"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pneumatṓdēs",
"word": "πνευματώδης"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop",
"2": "ⲡⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁ"
},
"expansion": "Coptic: ⲡⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁ (pneuma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Coptic: ⲡⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁ (pneuma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "πνεύμα"
},
"expansion": "Greek: πνεύμα (pnévma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: πνεύμα (pnévma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pneuma"
},
"expansion": "Latin: pneuma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: pneuma"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pnew-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pnéwmn̥"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pnéwmn̥",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "",
"3": "πνευ-"
},
"expansion": "πνευ- (pneu-)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πνέω",
"3": "",
"4": "I blow"
},
"expansion": "πνέω (pnéō, “I blow”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "",
"3": "-μα",
"pos2": "result noun suffix"
},
"expansion": "+ -μα (-ma, result noun suffix)",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *pnéwmn̥, equivalent to πνευ- (pneu-), the root of πνέω (pnéō, “I blow”), + -μα (-ma, result noun suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pneûma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "πνεύματος",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Third declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ πνεῦμᾰ",
"roman": "tò pneûma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ πνεύμᾰτε",
"roman": "tṑ pneúmate",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ πνεύμᾰτᾰ",
"roman": "tà pneúmata",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ πνεύμᾰτος",
"roman": "toû pneúmatos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν πνευμᾰ́τοιν",
"roman": "toîn pneumátoin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν πνευμᾰ́των",
"roman": "tôn pneumátōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ πνεύμᾰτῐ",
"roman": "tôi pneúmati",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν πνευμᾰ́τοιν",
"roman": "toîn pneumátoin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς πνεύμᾰσῐ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πνεύμᾰσῐν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs pneúmasi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs pneúmasin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ πνεῦμᾰ",
"roman": "tò pneûma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ πνεύμᾰτε",
"roman": "tṑ pneúmate",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ πνεύμᾰτᾰ",
"roman": "tà pneúmata",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πνεῦμᾰ",
"roman": "pneûma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πνεύμᾰτε",
"roman": "pneúmate",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πνεύμᾰτᾰ",
"roman": "pneúmata",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "πνεύματος",
"2": "n",
"3": "third"
},
"expansion": "πνεῦμα • (pneûma) n (genitive πνεύματος); third declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "πνεῦμᾰ",
"2": "πνεύμᾰτος",
"form": "N"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"air"
],
"id": "en-πνεῦμα-grc-noun-n-Qw5SdG",
"links": [
[
"air",
"air"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"wind"
],
"id": "en-πνεῦμα-grc-noun-m1jmgUWn",
"links": [
[
"wind",
"wind"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 5 29 36 5 5 7 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 38 36 3 3 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 31 31 5 5 8 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 33 30 5 5 8 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -μα",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 38 36 3 3 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 38 36 4 4 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"breath"
],
"id": "en-πνεῦμα-grc-noun-NnocWSRY",
"links": [
[
"breath",
"breath"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Phonology",
"orig": "grc:Phonology",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 29 36 5 5 7 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 38 36 3 3 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 31 31 5 5 8 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 33 30 5 5 8 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -μα",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 38 36 3 3 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 38 36 4 4 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"breathing"
],
"id": "en-πνεῦμα-grc-noun-UNTLWEvl",
"links": [
[
"phonology",
"phonology"
],
[
"breathing",
"breathing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonology) breathing"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"life"
],
"id": "en-πνεῦμα-grc-noun-Y71wZe8e",
"links": [
[
"life",
"life"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"spirit, soul"
],
"id": "en-πνεῦμα-grc-noun-pOqDo28B",
"links": [
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
],
[
"soul",
"soul"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 65 35",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "grc:Religion",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spiritual being: spirit, angel"
],
"id": "en-πνεῦμα-grc-noun-lYTzNtEj",
"links": [
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
],
[
"angel",
"angel"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 5 31 31 5 5 8 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inspiration (often divine inspiration), genius"
],
"id": "en-πνεῦμα-grc-noun-K5uGgV2k",
"links": [
[
"inspiration",
"inspiration"
],
[
"genius",
"genius"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pnêu̯.ma/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpneβ.ma/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpnev.ma/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pnêu̯.ma/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpnew.ma/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpneβ.ma/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpnev.ma/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpnev.ma/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "psukhḗ",
"word": "ψυχή"
}
],
"word": "πνεῦμα"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek neuter nouns",
"Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
"Ancient Greek nouns",
"Ancient Greek properispomenon terms",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pnew-",
"Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -μα",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"Ancient Greek third-declension nouns",
"grc:Religion"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "pneûmatikós",
"word": "πνεῦμᾰτικός"
},
{
"roman": "pneumátion",
"word": "πνευμάτιον"
},
{
"roman": "pneumátios",
"word": "πνευμάτιος"
},
{
"roman": "pneumatóō",
"word": "πνευματόω"
},
{
"roman": "pneumatṓdēs",
"word": "πνευματώδης"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop",
"2": "ⲡⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁ"
},
"expansion": "Coptic: ⲡⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁ (pneuma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Coptic: ⲡⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁ (pneuma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "πνεύμα"
},
"expansion": "Greek: πνεύμα (pnévma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: πνεύμα (pnévma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pneuma"
},
"expansion": "Latin: pneuma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: pneuma"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pnew-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pnéwmn̥"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pnéwmn̥",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "",
"3": "πνευ-"
},
"expansion": "πνευ- (pneu-)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πνέω",
"3": "",
"4": "I blow"
},
"expansion": "πνέω (pnéō, “I blow”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "",
"3": "-μα",
"pos2": "result noun suffix"
},
"expansion": "+ -μα (-ma, result noun suffix)",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *pnéwmn̥, equivalent to πνευ- (pneu-), the root of πνέω (pnéō, “I blow”), + -μα (-ma, result noun suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pneûma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "πνεύματος",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Third declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ πνεῦμᾰ",
"roman": "tò pneûma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ πνεύμᾰτε",
"roman": "tṑ pneúmate",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ πνεύμᾰτᾰ",
"roman": "tà pneúmata",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ πνεύμᾰτος",
"roman": "toû pneúmatos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν πνευμᾰ́τοιν",
"roman": "toîn pneumátoin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν πνευμᾰ́των",
"roman": "tôn pneumátōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ πνεύμᾰτῐ",
"roman": "tôi pneúmati",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν πνευμᾰ́τοιν",
"roman": "toîn pneumátoin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς πνεύμᾰσῐ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πνεύμᾰσῐν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs pneúmasi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs pneúmasin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ πνεῦμᾰ",
"roman": "tò pneûma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ πνεύμᾰτε",
"roman": "tṑ pneúmate",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ πνεύμᾰτᾰ",
"roman": "tà pneúmata",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πνεῦμᾰ",
"roman": "pneûma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πνεύμᾰτε",
"roman": "pneúmate",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πνεύμᾰτᾰ",
"roman": "pneúmata",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "πνεύματος",
"2": "n",
"3": "third"
},
"expansion": "πνεῦμα • (pneûma) n (genitive πνεύματος); third declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "πνεῦμᾰ",
"2": "πνεύμᾰτος",
"form": "N"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"air"
],
"links": [
[
"air",
"air"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"wind"
],
"links": [
[
"wind",
"wind"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"breath"
],
"links": [
[
"breath",
"breath"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"grc:Phonology"
],
"glosses": [
"breathing"
],
"links": [
[
"phonology",
"phonology"
],
[
"breathing",
"breathing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonology) breathing"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"life"
],
"links": [
[
"life",
"life"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"spirit, soul"
],
"links": [
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
],
[
"soul",
"soul"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"spiritual being: spirit, angel"
],
"links": [
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
],
[
"angel",
"angel"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"inspiration (often divine inspiration), genius"
],
"links": [
[
"inspiration",
"inspiration"
],
[
"genius",
"genius"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pnêu̯.ma/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpneβ.ma/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpnev.ma/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pnêu̯.ma/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpnew.ma/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpneβ.ma/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpnev.ma/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpnev.ma/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "psukhḗ",
"word": "ψυχή"
}
],
"word": "πνεῦμα"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.