"česati" meaning in All languages combined

See česati on Wiktionary

Verb [Proto-Slavic]

Etymology: From Proto-Balto-Slavic *késtei, from Proto-Indo-European *kes-. Etymology templates: {{root|sla-pro|ine-pro|*kes-}}, {{inh|sla-pro|ine-bsl-pro|*késtei}} Proto-Balto-Slavic *késtei, {{der|sla-pro|ine-pro|*kes-}} Proto-Indo-European *kes- Inflection templates: {{sla-conj||-1|-j|ap=b}} Forms: česàti [canonical], no-table-tags [table-tags], b [accent-paradigm], česanьje [noun-from-verb], česati [infinitive], česatъ [supine], česalъ [l-participle], no-table-tags [table-tags], b [accent-paradigm], česanъ [participle, passive, past], češemъ [participle, passive, present], česavъ [active, participle, past], češę [active, participle, present], no-table-tags [table-tags], b [accent-paradigm], česaxъ [aorist, first-person, singular], česa [aorist, second-person, singular], česa [aorist, singular, third-person], češǫ [first-person, present, singular], češeši [present, second-person, singular], češetь [present, singular, third-person], česaxově [aorist, dual, first-person], česasta [aorist, dual, second-person], česaste [aorist, dual, third-person], češevě [dual, first-person, present], češeta [dual, present, second-person], češete [dual, present, third-person], česaxomъ [aorist, first-person, plural], česaste [aorist, plural, second-person], česašę [aorist, plural, third-person], češemъ [first-person, plural, present], češete [plural, present, second-person], češǫtь [plural, present, third-person], česaaxъ [first-person, imperfect, singular], česaaše [imperfect, second-person, singular], česaaše [imperfect, singular, third-person], - [first-person, imperative, singular], češi [imperative, second-person, singular], češi [imperative, singular, third-person], česaaxově [dual, first-person, imperfect], česaašeta [dual, imperfect, second-person], česaašete [dual, imperfect, third-person], češivě [dual, first-person, imperative], češita [dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, imperative, third-person], česaaxomъ [first-person, imperfect, plural], česaašete [imperfect, plural, second-person], česaaxǫ [imperfect, plural, third-person], češimъ [first-person, imperative, plural], češite [imperative, plural, second-person], - [imperative, plural, third-person]
  1. to scratch (one's head) Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-česati-sla-pro-verb-b9ArkAJS Categories (other): Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -a/j-, Proto-Slavic verbs with accent paradigm b Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header: 51 25 25 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -a/j-: 61 19 19 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic verbs with accent paradigm b: 58 21 21
  2. to comb (one's hair or a horse) Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-česati-sla-pro-verb-FAvUl542
  3. to card (tess.) Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-česati-sla-pro-verb-9xzox426
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: česmìnъ, česmìna, česnъ (english: garlic), česadlo (english: comb, scratcher), česalъka (english: tool for scratching), česanъ (english: combed) Related terms: kasati (english: to touch? to trot? to fold?), kosa (english: (braided) hair), kosmъ (english: lock of hair, tuft), kosnǫti (english: to touch?)

Download JSON data for česati meaning in All languages combined (11.1kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "česmìnъ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "česmìna"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "garlic",
      "word": "česnъ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "comb, scratcher",
      "word": "česadlo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "tool for scratching",
      "word": "česalъka"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "combed",
      "word": "česanъ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "чесати"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: чесати (česati)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: чесати (česati)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "часа́ць"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: часа́ць (časácʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: часа́ць (časácʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "чеса́ть"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: чеса́ть (česátʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: чеса́ть (česátʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "чеса́ти"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: чеса́ти (česáty)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: чеса́ти (česáty)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "чесати",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: чесати (česati)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Cyrillic script: чесати (česati)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "ⱍⰵⱄⰰⱅⰻ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⱍⰵⱄⰰⱅⰻ (česati)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Glagolitic script: ⱍⰵⱄⰰⱅⰻ (česati)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "че́ша"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: че́ша (čéša)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: че́ша (čéša)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "чеша"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: чеша (češa)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: чеша (češa)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "чѐшати",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: чѐшати",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: чѐшати"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "čèšati",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: čèšati",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: čèšati"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "česáti",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: česáti",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "česáti"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: česáti (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: česáti (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "česati"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: česati",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: česati"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "česat"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: česat",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: česat"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "czosac"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: czosac",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: czosac"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pox",
            "2": "cesăt"
          },
          "expansion": "Polabian: cesăt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polabian: cesăt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-opl",
            "2": "czosać"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Polish: czosać",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Polish: czosać"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "czesać"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: czesać",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: czesać"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "česať"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: česať",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: česať"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-slv",
            "2": "czôsac"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovincian: czôsac",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovincian: czôsac"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "česać"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: česać",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: česać"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "cesaś"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: cesaś",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: cesaś"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kes-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*késtei"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *késtei",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kes-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kes-",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *késtei, from Proto-Indo-European *kes-.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "česàti",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "b",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česanьje",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česati",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česatъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česalъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "l-participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "b",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česanъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češemъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česavъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češę",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "b",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češeši",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češetь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaxově",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česasta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češevě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češeta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaxomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česašę",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češemъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češǫtь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaaxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaaše",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaaše",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaaxově",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaašeta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaašete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češivě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaaxomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaašete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaaxǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češimъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češite",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "-1",
        "3": "-j",
        "ap": "b"
      },
      "name": "sla-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/česati",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "to touch? to trot? to fold?",
      "word": "kasati"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "(braided) hair",
      "word": "kosa"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "lock of hair, tuft",
      "word": "kosmъ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "to touch?",
      "word": "kosnǫti"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "51 25 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "61 19 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -a/j-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 21 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic verbs with accent paradigm b",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to scratch (one's head)"
      ],
      "id": "en-česati-sla-pro-verb-b9ArkAJS",
      "links": [
        [
          "scratch",
          "scratch"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to comb (one's hair or a horse)"
      ],
      "id": "en-česati-sla-pro-verb-FAvUl542",
      "links": [
        [
          "comb",
          "comb"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to card (tess.)"
      ],
      "id": "en-česati-sla-pro-verb-9xzox426",
      "links": [
        [
          "card",
          "card"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Rick Derksen"
  ],
  "word": "česati"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
    "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
    "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kes-",
    "Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
    "Proto-Slavic verbs",
    "Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -a/j-",
    "Proto-Slavic verbs with accent paradigm b",
    "sla-conj with extra parameters/ap",
    "sla-conj with extra parameters/n"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "česmìnъ"
    },
    {
      "word": "česmìna"
    },
    {
      "english": "garlic",
      "word": "česnъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "comb, scratcher",
      "word": "česadlo"
    },
    {
      "english": "tool for scratching",
      "word": "česalъka"
    },
    {
      "english": "combed",
      "word": "česanъ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "чесати"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: чесати (česati)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: чесати (česati)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "часа́ць"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: часа́ць (časácʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: часа́ць (časácʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "чеса́ть"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: чеса́ть (česátʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: чеса́ть (česátʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "чеса́ти"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: чеса́ти (česáty)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: чеса́ти (česáty)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "чесати",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: чесати (česati)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Cyrillic script: чесати (česati)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "ⱍⰵⱄⰰⱅⰻ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⱍⰵⱄⰰⱅⰻ (česati)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Glagolitic script: ⱍⰵⱄⰰⱅⰻ (česati)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "че́ша"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: че́ша (čéša)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: че́ша (čéša)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "чеша"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: чеша (češa)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: чеша (češa)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "чѐшати",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: чѐшати",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: чѐшати"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "čèšati",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: čèšati",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: čèšati"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "česáti",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: česáti",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "česáti"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: česáti (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: česáti (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "česati"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: česati",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: česati"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "česat"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: česat",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: česat"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "czosac"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: czosac",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: czosac"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pox",
            "2": "cesăt"
          },
          "expansion": "Polabian: cesăt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polabian: cesăt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-opl",
            "2": "czosać"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Polish: czosać",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Polish: czosać"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "czesać"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: czesać",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: czesać"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "česať"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: česať",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: česať"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-slv",
            "2": "czôsac"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovincian: czôsac",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovincian: czôsac"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "česać"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: česać",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: česać"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "cesaś"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: cesaś",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: cesaś"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kes-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*késtei"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *késtei",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kes-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kes-",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *késtei, from Proto-Indo-European *kes-.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "česàti",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "b",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česanьje",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česati",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česatъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česalъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "l-participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "b",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česanъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češemъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česavъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češę",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "b",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češeši",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češetь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaxově",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česasta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češevě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češeta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaxomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česašę",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češemъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češǫtь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaaxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaaše",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaaše",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaaxově",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaašeta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaašete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češivě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaaxomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaašete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "česaaxǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češimъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "češite",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "-1",
        "3": "-j",
        "ap": "b"
      },
      "name": "sla-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/česati",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "to touch? to trot? to fold?",
      "word": "kasati"
    },
    {
      "english": "(braided) hair",
      "word": "kosa"
    },
    {
      "english": "lock of hair, tuft",
      "word": "kosmъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "to touch?",
      "word": "kosnǫti"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to scratch (one's head)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "scratch",
          "scratch"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to comb (one's hair or a horse)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "comb",
          "comb"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to card (tess.)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "card",
          "card"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Rick Derksen"
  ],
  "word": "česati"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.