"écumer" meaning in All languages combined

See écumer on Wiktionary

Verb [French]

IPA: /e.ky.me/ Audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-Kiminou1-écumer.wav
Etymology: Inherited from Middle French escumer, from Old French escumer. By surface analysis, écume + -er. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|fr|frm|escumer|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Middle French escumer, {{inh+|fr|frm|escumer}} Inherited from Middle French escumer, {{inh|fr|fro|escumer}} Old French escumer, {{surf|fr|écume|-er}} By surface analysis, écume + -er Head templates: {{fr-verb}} écumer Inflection templates: {{fr-conj-auto}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], écumer [infinitive], avoir + past participle [infinitive, multiword-construction], écumant [gerund, participle, present], ayant + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction, participle, present], écumé [participle, past], écume [first-person, indicative, present, singular], écumes [indicative, present, second-person, singular], écume [indicative, present, singular, third-person], écumons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], écumez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], écument [indicative, plural, present, third-person], écumais [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], écumais [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], écumait [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], écumions [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], écumiez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], écumaient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], écumai [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], écumas [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], écuma [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], écumâmes [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], écumâtes [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], écumèrent [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], écumerai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], écumeras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], écumera [future, indicative, singular, third-person], écumerons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], écumerez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], écumeront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], écumerais [conditional, first-person, singular], écumerais [conditional, second-person, singular], écumerait [conditional, singular, third-person], écumerions [conditional, first-person, plural], écumeriez [conditional, plural, second-person], écumeraient [conditional, plural, third-person], present indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], past historic of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], écume [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], écumes [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], écume [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], écumions [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], écumiez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], écument [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], écumasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], écumasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], écumât [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], écumassions [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], écumassiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], écumassent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], écume [imperative, second-person, singular], écumons [first-person, imperative, plural], écumez [imperative, plural, second-person], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, second-person, singular], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [first-person, imperative, multiword-construction, plural], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, plural, second-person]
  1. (intransitive) to foam, foam up, froth, froth up Tags: intransitive
    Sense id: en-écumer-fr-verb-xYAwFcdc Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header, French terms suffixed with -er, French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 33 2 7 2 4 24 28 Disambiguation of French terms suffixed with -er: 26 8 10 8 9 18 21 Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 19 11 15 10 16 15 14
  2. (intransitive) to lather (as of a horse) Tags: intransitive
    Sense id: en-écumer-fr-verb-orkQ2fuS Categories (other): French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 19 11 15 10 16 15 14
  3. (transitive) to unfoam, remove foam from Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-écumer-fr-verb-yPEMIWjD Categories (other): French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 19 11 15 10 16 15 14
  4. (transitive) to take the scum off Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-écumer-fr-verb-NjvYFs-v Categories (other): French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 19 11 15 10 16 15 14
  5. (transitive) to skim Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-écumer-fr-verb-M8J-PkZg Categories (other): French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 19 11 15 10 16 15 14
  6. (figuratively) to scour (shops, etc., looking for something) Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: en-écumer-fr-verb-D0sg4yYL Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header, French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 33 2 7 2 4 24 28 Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 19 11 15 10 16 15 14
  7. (figuratively) to grift (to skim off profits etc.) Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: en-écumer-fr-verb-Qj7PEVn~ Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header, French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 33 2 7 2 4 24 28 Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 19 11 15 10 16 15 14
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: écumer le pot

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for écumer meaning in All languages combined (12.6kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "escumer",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French escumer",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "escumer"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French escumer",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "escumer"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French escumer",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "écume",
        "3": "-er"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, écume + -er",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French escumer, from Old French escumer. By surface analysis, écume + -er.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumant",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumé",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.me/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écume",
      "ipa": "/e.kym/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumes",
      "ipa": "/e.kym/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écume",
      "ipa": "/e.kym/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumons",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumez",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.me/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écument",
      "ipa": "/e.kym/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumais",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumais",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumait",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumions",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumiez",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumaient",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumai",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.me/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumas",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.ma/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écuma",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.ma/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumâmes",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumâtes",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumèrent",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumerai",
      "ipa": "/e.kym.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumeras",
      "ipa": "/e.kym.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumera",
      "ipa": "/e.kym.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumerons",
      "ipa": "/e.kym.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumerez",
      "ipa": "/e.kym.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumeront",
      "ipa": "/e.kym.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumerais",
      "ipa": "/e.kym.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumerais",
      "ipa": "/e.kym.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumerait",
      "ipa": "/e.kym.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumerions",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumeriez",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumeraient",
      "ipa": "/e.kym.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écume",
      "ipa": "/e.kym/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumes",
      "ipa": "/e.kym/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écume",
      "ipa": "/e.kym/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumions",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumiez",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écument",
      "ipa": "/e.kym/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumasse",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumasses",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumât",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.ma/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumassions",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.ma.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumassiez",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.ma.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumassent",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écume",
      "ipa": "/e.kym/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumons",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumez",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.me/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "écumer",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "écumer le pot"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "33 2 7 2 4 24 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 8 10 8 9 18 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French terms suffixed with -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 11 15 10 16 15 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to foam, foam up, froth, froth up"
      ],
      "id": "en-écumer-fr-verb-xYAwFcdc",
      "links": [
        [
          "foam",
          "foam"
        ],
        [
          "foam up",
          "foam up"
        ],
        [
          "froth",
          "froth"
        ],
        [
          "froth up",
          "froth up"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to foam, foam up, froth, froth up"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "19 11 15 10 16 15 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to lather (as of a horse)"
      ],
      "id": "en-écumer-fr-verb-orkQ2fuS",
      "links": [
        [
          "lather",
          "lather"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to lather (as of a horse)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "19 11 15 10 16 15 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to unfoam, remove foam from"
      ],
      "id": "en-écumer-fr-verb-yPEMIWjD",
      "links": [
        [
          "unfoam",
          "unfoam"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to unfoam, remove foam from"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "19 11 15 10 16 15 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to take the scum off"
      ],
      "id": "en-écumer-fr-verb-NjvYFs-v",
      "links": [
        [
          "scum",
          "scum"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to take the scum off"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "19 11 15 10 16 15 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to skim"
      ],
      "id": "en-écumer-fr-verb-M8J-PkZg",
      "links": [
        [
          "skim",
          "skim"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to skim"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "33 2 7 2 4 24 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 11 15 10 16 15 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to scour (shops, etc., looking for something)"
      ],
      "id": "en-écumer-fr-verb-D0sg4yYL",
      "links": [
        [
          "scour",
          "scour"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) to scour (shops, etc., looking for something)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "33 2 7 2 4 24 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 11 15 10 16 15 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to grift (to skim off profits etc.)"
      ],
      "id": "en-écumer-fr-verb-Qj7PEVn~",
      "links": [
        [
          "grift",
          "grift"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) to grift (to skim off profits etc.)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/e.ky.me/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Kiminou1-écumer.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d7/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Kiminou1-%C3%A9cumer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Kiminou1-%C3%A9cumer.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d7/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Kiminou1-%C3%A9cumer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Kiminou1-%C3%A9cumer.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "écumer"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "French 3-syllable words",
    "French entries with incorrect language header",
    "French first group verbs",
    "French lemmas",
    "French terms derived from Middle French",
    "French terms derived from Old French",
    "French terms inherited from Middle French",
    "French terms inherited from Old French",
    "French terms suffixed with -er",
    "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "French terms with audio links",
    "French verbs",
    "French verbs with conjugation -er"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "escumer",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French escumer",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "escumer"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French escumer",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "escumer"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French escumer",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "écume",
        "3": "-er"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, écume + -er",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French escumer, from Old French escumer. By surface analysis, écume + -er.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumant",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumé",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.me/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écume",
      "ipa": "/e.kym/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumes",
      "ipa": "/e.kym/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écume",
      "ipa": "/e.kym/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumons",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumez",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.me/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écument",
      "ipa": "/e.kym/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumais",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumais",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumait",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumions",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumiez",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumaient",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumai",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.me/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumas",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.ma/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écuma",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.ma/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumâmes",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumâtes",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumèrent",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumerai",
      "ipa": "/e.kym.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumeras",
      "ipa": "/e.kym.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumera",
      "ipa": "/e.kym.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumerons",
      "ipa": "/e.kym.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumerez",
      "ipa": "/e.kym.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumeront",
      "ipa": "/e.kym.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumerais",
      "ipa": "/e.kym.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumerais",
      "ipa": "/e.kym.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumerait",
      "ipa": "/e.kym.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumerions",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumeriez",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumeraient",
      "ipa": "/e.kym.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écume",
      "ipa": "/e.kym/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumes",
      "ipa": "/e.kym/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écume",
      "ipa": "/e.kym/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumions",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumiez",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écument",
      "ipa": "/e.kym/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumasse",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumasses",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumât",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.ma/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumassions",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.ma.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumassiez",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.ma.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumassent",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écume",
      "ipa": "/e.kym/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumons",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.mɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "écumez",
      "ipa": "/e.ky.me/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "écumer",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "écumer le pot"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French intransitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to foam, foam up, froth, froth up"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "foam",
          "foam"
        ],
        [
          "foam up",
          "foam up"
        ],
        [
          "froth",
          "froth"
        ],
        [
          "froth up",
          "froth up"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to foam, foam up, froth, froth up"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French intransitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to lather (as of a horse)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lather",
          "lather"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to lather (as of a horse)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to unfoam, remove foam from"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "unfoam",
          "unfoam"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to unfoam, remove foam from"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to take the scum off"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "scum",
          "scum"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to take the scum off"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to skim"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "skim",
          "skim"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to skim"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to scour (shops, etc., looking for something)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "scour",
          "scour"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) to scour (shops, etc., looking for something)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to grift (to skim off profits etc.)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grift",
          "grift"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) to grift (to skim off profits etc.)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/e.ky.me/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Kiminou1-écumer.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d7/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Kiminou1-%C3%A9cumer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Kiminou1-%C3%A9cumer.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d7/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Kiminou1-%C3%A9cumer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Kiminou1-%C3%A9cumer.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "écumer"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.