See stubborn in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "古英語紅鏈",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "古英語紅鏈/m",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有1個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自中古英語的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自中古英語的英語繼承詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 性格",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "詞源不明的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "stubbornly"
},
{
"word": "stubbornness"
}
],
"etymology_text": "源自中古英語 stiborne、stibourne、stoburn、stoburne、styburne、stiborn。其词源不详。\n一理论认为可能源自*stybor、*stibor，源自古英語 stybb (“树桩”) + 形容词构成后缀 -or，如出现于古英語 bitor、英語 bitter的后缀。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stubborner",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "stubbornest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"lang": "英语",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有使用例的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He is pretty stubborn about his political beliefs, so why bother arguing?",
"translation": "他对自己的政治信念很固执的，何苦和他吵呢？"
},
{
"text": "Blood can make a very stubborn stain on fabrics if not washed properly.",
"translation": "血如果不正确清洗会在布料上留下很顽固的污渍。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"固执的，执拗的；顽固的；坚持不懈的"
],
"id": "zh-stubborn-en-adj-pUX2aTpa"
},
{
"glosses": [
"（指材料）坚硬而不易弯曲的；难以加工的"
],
"id": "zh-stubborn-en-adj-t2Tto48s"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstʌbɚn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstʌbən/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-stubborn.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-stubborn.ogg/En-us-stubborn.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-us-stubborn.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"（美国）音频"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-stubborn.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/96/En-uk-stubborn.ogg/En-uk-stubborn.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-uk-stubborn.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"（英国）音频"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "willful"
},
{
"word": "headstrong"
},
{
"word": "wayward"
},
{
"word": "obstinate"
},
{
"word": "obdurate"
},
{
"word": "contrary"
},
{
"word": "disobedient"
},
{
"word": "insubordinate"
},
{
"word": "undisciplined"
},
{
"word": "adamant"
},
{
"word": "unyielding"
},
{
"word": "rebellious"
},
{
"word": "Thesaurus:obstinate"
},
{
"word": "perseverant"
},
{
"word": "persistent"
},
{
"word": "enduring"
}
],
"word": "stubborn"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "古英語紅鏈",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "古英語紅鏈/m",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自中古英語的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自中古英語的英語繼承詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 性格",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "詞源不明的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "源自中古英語 stiborne、stibourne、stoburn、stoburne、styburne、stiborn。其词源不详。\n一理论认为可能源自*stybor、*stibor，源自古英語 stybb (“树桩”) + 形容词构成后缀 -or，如出现于古英語 bitor、英語 bitter的后缀。",
"lang": "英语",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有引文的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語引文翻譯請求",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語非正式用語",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2003, Dana Stabenow, A Grave Denied, →ISBN，頁號 86:",
"text": "But I have to say that one thing you inherited from your mother is a whole lot of stubborn."
},
{
"ref": "2014, Victoria Hamilton, Muffin But Murder, →ISBN:",
"text": "That takes a lot of stubborn for a seventy-something man."
},
{
"ref": "2016, Ken Robert Baugh, Just Passing Time, →ISBN:",
"text": "Stubborn is not eating pizza out of a square pan because you know it won't taste as good as a round one. Stubborn is spending twelve thousand dollars to fix a five-hundred-dollar truck just because it's “your baby.”"
}
],
"glosses": [
"固执，顽固"
],
"id": "zh-stubborn-en-noun-wB9Lh~yg",
"tags": [
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有引文的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語引文翻譯請求",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1966, Israel Journal of Botany - Volumes 15-17，頁號 131:",
"text": "The extremely low number of control plants infected by stubborn disease suggests that natural spread of stubborn in the vicinity of the experiments is much slower than that reported for psylla-borne greening in South Africa (Schwarz, 1964)."
},
{
"ref": "1967, Walter Reuther, The Citrus Industry, Volume IV, →ISBN，頁號 129:",
"text": "With evidence that the causal agent of stubborn is spread by insects, control or prevention of this disease will prove more difficult than formerly thought to be."
},
{
"ref": "2012, Vincenzo Vacante & Uri Gerson, Integrated Control of Citrus Pests in the Mediterranean Region, →ISBN:",
"text": "Sectorial infection of stubborn could be stable for long periods, but may be manifested once the trees are severely pruned, this causing the system spread of S. citri to other non-infected parts."
}
],
"glosses": [
"柑橘树僵化病"
],
"id": "zh-stubborn-en-noun-di6NOMMT"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstʌbɚn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstʌbən/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-stubborn.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-stubborn.ogg/En-us-stubborn.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-us-stubborn.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"（美国）音频"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-stubborn.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/96/En-uk-stubborn.ogg/En-uk-stubborn.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-uk-stubborn.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"（英国）音频"
]
}
],
"word": "stubborn"
}
{
"categories": [
"古英語紅鏈",
"古英語紅鏈/m",
"有1個詞條的頁面",
"派生自中古英語的英語詞",
"源自中古英語的英語繼承詞",
"英語 性格",
"英語形容詞",
"英語詞元",
"詞源不明的英語詞"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "stubbornly"
},
{
"word": "stubbornness"
}
],
"etymology_text": "源自中古英語 stiborne、stibourne、stoburn、stoburne、styburne、stiborn。其词源不详。\n一理论认为可能源自*stybor、*stibor，源自古英語 stybb (“树桩”) + 形容词构成后缀 -or，如出现于古英語 bitor、英語 bitter的后缀。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stubborner",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "stubbornest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"lang": "英语",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"有使用例的英語詞"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He is pretty stubborn about his political beliefs, so why bother arguing?",
"translation": "他对自己的政治信念很固执的，何苦和他吵呢？"
},
{
"text": "Blood can make a very stubborn stain on fabrics if not washed properly.",
"translation": "血如果不正确清洗会在布料上留下很顽固的污渍。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"固执的，执拗的；顽固的；坚持不懈的"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"（指材料）坚硬而不易弯曲的；难以加工的"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstʌbɚn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstʌbən/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-stubborn.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-stubborn.ogg/En-us-stubborn.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-us-stubborn.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
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"audio": "En-uk-stubborn.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/96/En-uk-stubborn.ogg/En-uk-stubborn.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-uk-stubborn.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
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}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "willful"
},
{
"word": "headstrong"
},
{
"word": "wayward"
},
{
"word": "obstinate"
},
{
"word": "obdurate"
},
{
"word": "contrary"
},
{
"word": "disobedient"
},
{
"word": "insubordinate"
},
{
"word": "undisciplined"
},
{
"word": "adamant"
},
{
"word": "unyielding"
},
{
"word": "rebellious"
},
{
"word": "Thesaurus:obstinate"
},
{
"word": "perseverant"
},
{
"word": "persistent"
},
{
"word": "enduring"
}
],
"word": "stubborn"
}
{
"categories": [
"古英語紅鏈",
"古英語紅鏈/m",
"派生自中古英語的英語詞",
"源自中古英語的英語繼承詞",
"英語 性格",
"詞源不明的英語詞"
],
"etymology_text": "源自中古英語 stiborne、stibourne、stoburn、stoburne、styburne、stiborn。其词源不详。\n一理论认为可能源自*stybor、*stibor，源自古英語 stybb (“树桩”) + 形容词构成后缀 -or，如出现于古英語 bitor、英語 bitter的后缀。",
"lang": "英语",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"有引文的英語詞",
"英語引文翻譯請求",
"英語非正式用語"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2003, Dana Stabenow, A Grave Denied, →ISBN，頁號 86:",
"text": "But I have to say that one thing you inherited from your mother is a whole lot of stubborn."
},
{
"ref": "2014, Victoria Hamilton, Muffin But Murder, →ISBN:",
"text": "That takes a lot of stubborn for a seventy-something man."
},
{
"ref": "2016, Ken Robert Baugh, Just Passing Time, →ISBN:",
"text": "Stubborn is not eating pizza out of a square pan because you know it won't taste as good as a round one. Stubborn is spending twelve thousand dollars to fix a five-hundred-dollar truck just because it's “your baby.”"
}
],
"glosses": [
"固执，顽固"
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"有引文的英語詞",
"英語引文翻譯請求"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1966, Israel Journal of Botany - Volumes 15-17，頁號 131:",
"text": "The extremely low number of control plants infected by stubborn disease suggests that natural spread of stubborn in the vicinity of the experiments is much slower than that reported for psylla-borne greening in South Africa (Schwarz, 1964)."
},
{
"ref": "1967, Walter Reuther, The Citrus Industry, Volume IV, →ISBN，頁號 129:",
"text": "With evidence that the causal agent of stubborn is spread by insects, control or prevention of this disease will prove more difficult than formerly thought to be."
},
{
"ref": "2012, Vincenzo Vacante & Uri Gerson, Integrated Control of Citrus Pests in the Mediterranean Region, →ISBN:",
"text": "Sectorial infection of stubborn could be stable for long periods, but may be manifested once the trees are severely pruned, this causing the system spread of S. citri to other non-infected parts."
}
],
"glosses": [
"柑橘树僵化病"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstʌbɚn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstʌbən/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-stubborn.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-stubborn.ogg/En-us-stubborn.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-us-stubborn.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
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]
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"audio": "En-uk-stubborn.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/96/En-uk-stubborn.ogg/En-uk-stubborn.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-uk-stubborn.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"（英国）音频"
]
}
],
"word": "stubborn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for stubborn meaning in 英语 (5.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable 英语 dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-10-01 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (3fd8a50 and 59b8406). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.