See 乒乓球兒 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "官話名詞", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "官話詞元", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "帶「乒」的漢語詞", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "帶「乓」的漢語詞", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "帶「兒」的漢語詞", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "帶「球」的漢語詞", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "有1個詞條的頁面", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "有國際音標的漢語詞", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "有詞條的頁面", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "漢語名詞", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "漢語詞元", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "forms": [ { "form": "乒乓球儿", "tags": [ "Simplified-Chinese" ] } ], "lang": "漢語", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "noun", "pos_title": "名詞", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "官話兒化詞", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "官話漢語", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "form_of": [ { "tags": [ "Traditional-Chinese" ], "word": "乒乓球" } ], "glosses": [ "乒乓球 (pīngpāngqiú) 的兒化形式。" ], "id": "zh-乒乓球兒-zh-noun-fKvQ5-zx", "tags": [ "Erhua", "Mandarin", "form-of" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Pinyin" ], "zh_pron": "pīngpāngqiúr" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Bopomofo" ], "zh_pron": "ㄆㄧㄥ ㄆㄤ ㄑㄧㄡˊㄦ" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Standard-Chinese", "Pinyin" ], "zh_pron": "pīngpāngqiúr" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Standard-Chinese", "Bopomofo" ], "zh_pron": "ㄆㄧㄥ ㄆㄤ ㄑㄧㄡˊㄦ" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Standard-Chinese", "Tongyong-Pinyin" ], "zh_pron": "pingpangcióur" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Standard-Chinese", "Wade–Giles" ], "zh_pron": "pʻing¹-pʻang¹-chʻiu²-ʼrh" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Standard-Chinese", "Yale" ], "zh_pron": "pīng-pāng-chyóur" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Standard-Chinese", "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh" ], "zh_pron": "pingpangchyoul" }, { "roman": "pinpancjur", "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Standard-Chinese", "Cyrillic" ], "zh_pron": "пинпанцюр" }, { "ipa": "/pʰiŋ⁵⁵ pʰɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/", "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Standard-Chinese", "Sinological-IPA" ] } ], "synonyms": [ { "tags": [ "literary", "Written-vernacular-Chinese" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "簡稱" ], "tags": [ "literary", "Written-vernacular-Chinese" ], "word": "乒球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "臺灣" ], "tags": [ "Northeastern-Mandarin" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "臺灣" ], "tags": [ "Northeastern-Mandarin" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "tags": [ "Northeastern-Mandarin", "Singapore" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "tags": [ "Jilu-Mandarin", "Jinan" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "萬榮" ], "tags": [ "Central-Plains-Mandarin" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "西安" ], "tags": [ "Central-Plains-Mandarin" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "銀川" ], "tags": [ "Lanyin-Mandarin" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "蘭州" ], "tags": [ "Lanyin-Mandarin" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "烏魯木齊" ], "tags": [ "Lanyin-Mandarin" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "成都" ], "tags": [ "Southwestern-Mandarin" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "成都" ], "tags": [ "Southwestern-Mandarin" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "raw_tags": [ "武漢" ], "tags": [ "Southwestern-Mandarin" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "貴陽" ], "tags": [ "Southwestern-Mandarin" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "桂林" ], "tags": [ "Southwestern-Mandarin" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "南京" ], "tags": [ "Jianghuai-Mandarin" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "南京" ], "tags": [ "Jianghuai-Mandarin", "dated" ], "word": "檯球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "揚州" ], "tags": [ "Jianghuai-Mandarin", "dated" ], "word": "檯球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "廣州" ], "tags": [ "Cantonese" ], "word": "乒乓波" }, { "raw_tags": [ "廣州" ], "tags": [ "Cantonese" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "香港" ], "tags": [ "Cantonese" ], "word": "乒乓波" }, { "raw_tags": [ "東莞" ], "tags": [ "Cantonese" ], "word": "乒乓波" }, { "raw_tags": [ "南昌" ], "tags": [ "Gan" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "黎川" ], "tags": [ "Gan" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "萍鄉" ], "tags": [ "Gan" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "梅縣" ], "tags": [ "Hakka" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "梅縣" ], "tags": [ "Hakka", "dated" ], "word": "檯球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "梅縣" ], "tags": [ "Hakka", "dated" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "于都" ], "tags": [ "Hakka" ], "word": "檯球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "北四縣腔" ], "tags": [ "Hakka", "Miaoli" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "raw_tags": [ "北四縣腔" ], "tags": [ "Hakka", "Miaoli" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "屏東", "內埔", "南四縣腔" ], "tags": [ "Hakka" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "raw_tags": [ "屏東", "內埔", "南四縣腔" ], "tags": [ "Hakka" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "新竹縣", "竹東", "海陸腔" ], "tags": [ "Hakka" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "raw_tags": [ "新竹縣", "竹東", "海陸腔" ], "tags": [ "Hakka" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "臺中", "東勢", "大埔腔" ], "tags": [ "Hakka" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "raw_tags": [ "臺中", "東勢", "大埔腔" ], "tags": [ "Hakka" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "新竹縣", "芎林", "饒平腔" ], "tags": [ "Hakka" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "新竹縣", "芎林", "饒平腔" ], "tags": [ "Hakka" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "raw_tags": [ "雲林", "崙背", "詔安腔" ], "tags": [ "Hakka" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "雲林", "崙背", "詔安腔" ], "tags": [ "Hakka" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "raw_tags": [ "績溪" ], "tags": [ "Huizhou" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "績溪" ], "tags": [ "Huizhou", "dated" ], "word": "檯球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "太原" ], "tags": [ "Jin" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "忻州" ], "tags": [ "Jin" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "建甌" ], "tags": [ "Min-Bei" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "福州" ], "tags": [ "Min-Dong" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "tags": [ "Min-Nan", "Xiamen" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "tags": [ "Min-Nan", "Quanzhou" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "晉江" ], "tags": [ "Min-Nan" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "tags": [ "Min-Nan", "Zhangzhou" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "tags": [ "Min-Nan", "Taibei" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "tags": [ "Min-Nan", "Taibei" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "tags": [ "Min-Nan", "Kaohsiung" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "tags": [ "Min-Nan", "Kaohsiung" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "泉漳" ], "tags": [ "Min-Nan", "Singapore" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "raw_tags": [ "馬尼拉", "泉漳" ], "tags": [ "Min-Nan" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "raw_tags": [ "馬尼拉", "泉漳" ], "tags": [ "Min-Nan" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "龍巖" ], "tags": [ "Min-Nan" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "漳平", "永福" ], "tags": [ "Min-Nan" ], "word": "桌球仔" }, { "raw_tags": [ "汕頭" ], "tags": [ "Min-Nan" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "汕頭", "澄海" ], "tags": [ "Min-Nan" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "raw_tags": [ "潮汕" ], "tags": [ "Min-Nan", "Singapore" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "raw_tags": [ "雷州" ], "tags": [ "Min-Nan" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "雷州" ], "tags": [ "Min-Nan" ], "word": "波囝" }, { "raw_tags": [ "海口" ], "tags": [ "Min-Nan" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "raw_tags": [ "南寧", "亭子" ], "tags": [ "Southern-Pinghua" ], "word": "檯球" }, { "tags": [ "Wu", "Shanghai" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "tags": [ "Wu", "Shanghai", "dated" ], "word": "檯球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "崇明" ], "tags": [ "Wu", "Shanghai" ], "word": "檯球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "蘇州" ], "tags": [ "Wu" ], "word": "檯球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "蘇州" ], "tags": [ "Wu" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "丹陽" ], "tags": [ "Wu", "dated" ], "word": "檯球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "杭州" ], "tags": [ "Wu" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "寧波" ], "tags": [ "Wu" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "溫州" ], "tags": [ "Wu" ], "word": "蠟球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "金華" ], "tags": [ "Wu" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "金華" ], "tags": [ "Wu" ], "word": "檯球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "長沙" ], "tags": [ "Xiang" ], "word": "蛋殼子球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "婁底" ], "tags": [ "Xiang" ], "word": "乒乓球" } ], "word": "乒乓球兒" }
{ "categories": [ "官話名詞", "官話詞元", "帶「乒」的漢語詞", "帶「乓」的漢語詞", "帶「兒」的漢語詞", "帶「球」的漢語詞", "有1個詞條的頁面", "有國際音標的漢語詞", "有詞條的頁面", "漢語名詞", "漢語詞元" ], "forms": [ { "form": "乒乓球儿", "tags": [ "Simplified-Chinese" ] } ], "lang": "漢語", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "noun", "pos_title": "名詞", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "官話兒化詞", "官話漢語" ], "form_of": [ { "tags": [ "Traditional-Chinese" ], "word": "乒乓球" } ], "glosses": [ "乒乓球 (pīngpāngqiú) 的兒化形式。" ], "tags": [ "Erhua", "Mandarin", "form-of" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Pinyin" ], "zh_pron": "pīngpāngqiúr" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Bopomofo" ], "zh_pron": "ㄆㄧㄥ ㄆㄤ ㄑㄧㄡˊㄦ" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Standard-Chinese", "Pinyin" ], "zh_pron": "pīngpāngqiúr" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Standard-Chinese", "Bopomofo" ], "zh_pron": "ㄆㄧㄥ ㄆㄤ ㄑㄧㄡˊㄦ" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Standard-Chinese", "Tongyong-Pinyin" ], "zh_pron": "pingpangcióur" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Standard-Chinese", "Wade–Giles" ], "zh_pron": "pʻing¹-pʻang¹-chʻiu²-ʼrh" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Standard-Chinese", "Yale" ], "zh_pron": "pīng-pāng-chyóur" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Standard-Chinese", "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh" ], "zh_pron": "pingpangchyoul" }, { "roman": "pinpancjur", "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Standard-Chinese", "Cyrillic" ], "zh_pron": "пинпанцюр" }, { "ipa": "/pʰiŋ⁵⁵ pʰɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/", "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Standard-Chinese", "Sinological-IPA" ] } ], "synonyms": [ { "tags": [ "literary", "Written-vernacular-Chinese" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "簡稱" ], "tags": [ "literary", "Written-vernacular-Chinese" ], "word": "乒球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "臺灣" ], "tags": [ "Northeastern-Mandarin" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "臺灣" ], "tags": [ "Northeastern-Mandarin" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "tags": [ "Northeastern-Mandarin", "Singapore" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "tags": [ "Jilu-Mandarin", "Jinan" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "萬榮" ], "tags": [ "Central-Plains-Mandarin" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "西安" ], "tags": [ "Central-Plains-Mandarin" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "銀川" ], "tags": [ "Lanyin-Mandarin" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "蘭州" ], "tags": [ "Lanyin-Mandarin" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "烏魯木齊" ], "tags": [ "Lanyin-Mandarin" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "成都" ], "tags": [ "Southwestern-Mandarin" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "成都" ], "tags": [ "Southwestern-Mandarin" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "raw_tags": [ "武漢" ], "tags": [ "Southwestern-Mandarin" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "貴陽" ], "tags": [ "Southwestern-Mandarin" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "桂林" ], "tags": [ "Southwestern-Mandarin" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "南京" ], "tags": [ "Jianghuai-Mandarin" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "南京" ], "tags": [ "Jianghuai-Mandarin", "dated" ], "word": "檯球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "揚州" ], "tags": [ "Jianghuai-Mandarin", "dated" ], "word": "檯球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "廣州" ], "tags": [ "Cantonese" ], "word": "乒乓波" }, { "raw_tags": [ "廣州" ], "tags": [ "Cantonese" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "香港" ], "tags": [ "Cantonese" ], "word": "乒乓波" }, { "raw_tags": [ "東莞" ], "tags": [ "Cantonese" ], "word": "乒乓波" }, { "raw_tags": [ "南昌" ], "tags": [ "Gan" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "黎川" ], "tags": [ "Gan" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "萍鄉" ], "tags": [ "Gan" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "梅縣" ], "tags": [ "Hakka" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "梅縣" ], "tags": [ "Hakka", "dated" ], "word": "檯球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "梅縣" ], "tags": [ "Hakka", "dated" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "于都" ], "tags": [ "Hakka" ], "word": "檯球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "北四縣腔" ], "tags": [ "Hakka", "Miaoli" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "raw_tags": [ "北四縣腔" ], "tags": [ "Hakka", "Miaoli" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "屏東", "內埔", "南四縣腔" ], "tags": [ "Hakka" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "raw_tags": [ "屏東", "內埔", "南四縣腔" ], "tags": [ "Hakka" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "新竹縣", "竹東", "海陸腔" ], "tags": [ "Hakka" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "raw_tags": [ "新竹縣", "竹東", "海陸腔" ], "tags": [ "Hakka" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "臺中", "東勢", "大埔腔" ], "tags": [ "Hakka" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "raw_tags": [ "臺中", "東勢", "大埔腔" ], "tags": [ "Hakka" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "新竹縣", "芎林", "饒平腔" ], "tags": [ "Hakka" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "新竹縣", "芎林", "饒平腔" ], "tags": [ "Hakka" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "raw_tags": [ "雲林", "崙背", "詔安腔" ], "tags": [ "Hakka" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "雲林", "崙背", "詔安腔" ], "tags": [ "Hakka" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "raw_tags": [ "績溪" ], "tags": [ "Huizhou" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "績溪" ], "tags": [ "Huizhou", "dated" ], "word": "檯球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "太原" ], "tags": [ "Jin" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "忻州" ], "tags": [ "Jin" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "建甌" ], "tags": [ "Min-Bei" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "福州" ], "tags": [ "Min-Dong" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "tags": [ "Min-Nan", "Xiamen" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "tags": [ "Min-Nan", "Quanzhou" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "晉江" ], "tags": [ "Min-Nan" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "tags": [ "Min-Nan", "Zhangzhou" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "tags": [ "Min-Nan", "Taibei" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "tags": [ "Min-Nan", "Taibei" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "tags": [ "Min-Nan", "Kaohsiung" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "tags": [ "Min-Nan", "Kaohsiung" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "泉漳" ], "tags": [ "Min-Nan", "Singapore" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "raw_tags": [ "馬尼拉", "泉漳" ], "tags": [ "Min-Nan" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "raw_tags": [ "馬尼拉", "泉漳" ], "tags": [ "Min-Nan" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "龍巖" ], "tags": [ "Min-Nan" ], "word": "桌球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "漳平", "永福" ], "tags": [ "Min-Nan" ], "word": "桌球仔" }, { "raw_tags": [ "汕頭" ], "tags": [ "Min-Nan" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "汕頭", "澄海" ], "tags": [ "Min-Nan" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "raw_tags": [ "潮汕" ], "tags": [ "Min-Nan", "Singapore" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "raw_tags": [ "雷州" ], "tags": [ "Min-Nan" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "雷州" ], "tags": [ "Min-Nan" ], "word": "波囝" }, { "raw_tags": [ "海口" ], "tags": [ "Min-Nan" ], "word": "乒乓" }, { "raw_tags": [ "南寧", "亭子" ], "tags": [ "Southern-Pinghua" ], "word": "檯球" }, { "tags": [ "Wu", "Shanghai" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "tags": [ "Wu", "Shanghai", "dated" ], "word": "檯球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "崇明" ], "tags": [ "Wu", "Shanghai" ], "word": "檯球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "蘇州" ], "tags": [ "Wu" ], "word": "檯球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "蘇州" ], "tags": [ "Wu" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "丹陽" ], "tags": [ "Wu", "dated" ], "word": "檯球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "杭州" ], "tags": [ "Wu" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "寧波" ], "tags": [ "Wu" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "溫州" ], "tags": [ "Wu" ], "word": "蠟球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "金華" ], "tags": [ "Wu" ], "word": "乒乓球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "金華" ], "tags": [ "Wu" ], "word": "檯球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "長沙" ], "tags": [ "Xiang" ], "word": "蛋殼子球" }, { "raw_tags": [ "婁底" ], "tags": [ "Xiang" ], "word": "乒乓球" } ], "word": "乒乓球兒" }
Download raw JSONL data for 乒乓球兒 meaning in 漢語 (7.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable 漢語 dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-17 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-01 using wiktextract (0c45963 and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.