"ćwiczyć" meaning in język polski

See ćwiczyć in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: ˈt͡ɕfʲit͡ʃɨt͡ɕ, ćfʹičyć [Slavic-alphabet] Audio: Pl-ćwiczyć.ogg
Forms: ćwiczę [singular, first-person, present], ćwiczysz [singular, second-person, present], ćwiczy [singular, third-person, present], ćwiczymy [plural, first-person, present], ćwiczycie [plural, second-person, present], ćwiczą [plural, third-person, present], ćwiczyłem [singular, first-person, past, masculine], ćwiczyłeś [singular, second-person, past, masculine], ćwiczył [singular, third-person, past, masculine], ćwiczyliśmy [plural, first-person, past, masculine], ćwiczyliście [plural, second-person, past, masculine], ćwiczyli [plural, third-person, past, masculine], ćwiczyłam [singular, first-person, past, feminine], ćwiczyłaś [singular, second-person, past, feminine], ćwiczyła [singular, third-person, past, feminine], ćwiczyłyśmy [plural, first-person, past, feminine, neuter], ćwiczyłyście [plural, second-person, past, feminine, neuter], ćwiczyły [plural, third-person, past, feminine, neuter], ćwiczyłom [singular, first-person, past, neuter, potential, rare], ćwiczyłoś [singular, second-person, past, neuter, potential, rare], ćwiczyło [singular, third-person, past, neuter], niech ćwiczę [singular, first-person, imperative], ćwicz [singular, second-person, imperative], niech ćwiczy [singular, third-person, imperative], ćwiczmy [plural, first-person, imperative], ćwiczcie [plural, second-person, imperative], niech ćwiczą [plural, third-person, imperative], będę ćwiczył [singular, first-person, future, masculine], będę ćwiczyć [singular, first-person, future, masculine], będziesz ćwiczył [singular, second-person, future, masculine], będziesz ćwiczyć [singular, second-person, future, masculine], będzie ćwiczył [singular, third-person, future, masculine], będzie ćwiczyć [singular, third-person, future, masculine], będziemy ćwiczyli [plural, first-person, future, masculine], będziemy ćwiczyć [plural, first-person, future, masculine], będziecie ćwiczyli [plural, second-person, future, masculine], będziecie ćwiczyć [plural, second-person, future, masculine], będą ćwiczyli [plural, third-person, future, masculine], będą ćwiczyć [plural, third-person, future, masculine], będę ćwiczyła [singular, first-person, future, feminine], będę ćwiczyć [singular, first-person, future, feminine], będziesz ćwiczyła [singular, second-person, future, feminine], będziesz ćwiczyć [singular, second-person, future, feminine], będzie ćwiczyła [singular, third-person, future, feminine], będzie ćwiczyć [singular, third-person, future, feminine], będziemy ćwiczyły [plural, first-person, future, feminine, neuter], będziemy ćwiczyć [plural, first-person, future, feminine, neuter], będziecie ćwiczyły [plural, second-person, future, feminine, neuter], będziecie ćwiczyć [plural, second-person, future, feminine, neuter], będą ćwiczyły [plural, third-person, future, feminine, neuter], będą ćwiczyć [plural, third-person, future, feminine, neuter], będę ćwiczyło [singular, first-person, future, neuter, potential, rare], będę ćwiczyć [singular, first-person, future, neuter, potential, rare], będziesz ćwiczyło [singular, second-person, future, neuter, potential, rare], będziesz ćwiczyć [singular, second-person, future, neuter, potential, rare], będzie ćwiczyło [singular, third-person, future, neuter], będzie ćwiczyć [singular, third-person, future, neuter], ćwiczyłem był [singular, first-person, pluperfect, masculine], ćwiczyłeś był [singular, second-person, pluperfect, masculine], ćwiczył był [singular, third-person, pluperfect, masculine], ćwiczyliśmy byli [plural, first-person, pluperfect, masculine], ćwiczyliście byli [plural, second-person, pluperfect, masculine], ćwiczyli byli [plural, third-person, pluperfect, masculine], ćwiczyłam była [singular, first-person, pluperfect, feminine], ćwiczyłaś była [singular, second-person, pluperfect, feminine], ćwiczyła była [singular, third-person, pluperfect, feminine], ćwiczyłyśmy były [plural, first-person, pluperfect, feminine, neuter], ćwiczyłyście były [plural, second-person, pluperfect, feminine, neuter], ćwiczyły były [plural, third-person, pluperfect, feminine, neuter], ćwiczyłom było [singular, first-person, pluperfect, neuter, potential, rare], ćwiczyłoś było [singular, second-person, pluperfect, neuter, potential, rare], ćwiczyło było [singular, third-person, pluperfect, neuter], ćwiczono [singular, plural, first-person, second-person, third-person, impersonal, past], ćwiczyłbym [singular, first-person, conditional, masculine], byłbym ćwiczył [singular, first-person, conditional, masculine], ćwiczyłbyś [singular, second-person, conditional, masculine], byłbyś ćwiczył [singular, second-person, conditional, masculine], ćwiczyłby [singular, third-person, conditional, masculine], byłby ćwiczył [singular, third-person, conditional, masculine], ćwiczylibyśmy [plural, first-person, conditional, masculine], bylibyśmy ćwiczyli [plural, first-person, conditional, masculine], ćwiczylibyście [plural, second-person, conditional, masculine], bylibyście ćwiczyli [plural, second-person, conditional, masculine], ćwiczyliby [plural, third-person, conditional, masculine], byliby ćwiczyli [plural, third-person, conditional, masculine], ćwiczyłabym [singular, first-person, conditional, feminine], byłabym ćwiczyła [singular, first-person, conditional, feminine], ćwiczyłabyś [singular, second-person, conditional, feminine], byłabyś ćwiczyła [singular, second-person, conditional, feminine], ćwiczyłaby [singular, third-person, conditional, feminine], byłaby ćwiczyła [singular, third-person, conditional, feminine], ćwiczyłybyśmy [plural, first-person, conditional, feminine, neuter], byłybyśmy ćwiczyły [plural, first-person, conditional, feminine, neuter], ćwiczyłybyście [plural, second-person, conditional, feminine, neuter], byłybyście ćwiczyły [plural, second-person, conditional, feminine, neuter], ćwiczyłyby [plural, third-person, conditional, feminine, neuter], byłyby ćwiczyły [plural, third-person, conditional, feminine, neuter], ćwiczyłobym [singular, first-person, conditional, neuter, potential, rare], byłobym ćwiczyło [singular, first-person, conditional, neuter, potential, rare], ćwiczyłobyś [singular, second-person, conditional, neuter, potential, rare], byłobyś ćwiczyło [singular, second-person, conditional, neuter, potential, rare], ćwiczyłoby [singular, third-person, conditional, neuter], byłoby ćwiczyło [singular, third-person, conditional, neuter], ćwiczący [singular, plural, first-person, second-person, third-person, active, participle, masculine], niećwiczący [singular, plural, first-person, second-person, third-person, active, participle, masculine], ćwicząca [singular, first-person, second-person, third-person, active, participle, feminine], niećwicząca [singular, first-person, second-person, third-person, active, participle, feminine], ćwiczące [plural, first-person, second-person, third-person, active, participle, feminine, neuter], niećwiczące [plural, first-person, second-person, third-person, active, participle, feminine, neuter], ćwiczące [singular, first-person, second-person, third-person, active, participle, neuter], niećwiczące [singular, first-person, second-person, third-person, active, participle, neuter], ćwicząc [singular, plural, first-person, second-person, third-person, contemporary, adverbial, participle], nie ćwicząc [singular, plural, first-person, second-person, third-person, contemporary, adverbial, participle], ćwiczenie [singular, plural, first-person, second-person, third-person], niećwiczenie [singular, plural, first-person, second-person, third-person]
  1. wykonywać określoną czynność w celu poprawienia danej umiejętności
    Sense id: pl-ćwiczyć-pl-verb-06GkZ-qh Topics: education
  2. wykonywać aktywność fizyczną w celu poprawy kondycji lub rozrywki
    Sense id: pl-ćwiczyć-pl-verb-RJNv6vjM Topics: sports
  3. chłostać
    Sense id: pl-ćwiczyć-pl-verb-ZHZ9LnlS
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: szkolić, szkolić się, trenować, szkolić, szkolić się, reg. pozn. ibować się, egzercytować [obsolete] Hypernyms: karać Related terms: ćwiczenie [noun, neuter], ćwiczenia lm nmos, wyćwiczyć, wyćwiczyć się, ćwiczebny [adjective] Translations: ushtroj (albański), exercise (angielski), do (angielski), exercise (angielski), rehearse (angielski), مارس (arabski), 练 (liàn) (chiński standardowy), 练习 (liànxí) (chiński standardowy), 练 (liàn) (chiński standardowy), 练习 (liànxí) (chiński standardowy), cvičit (czeski), zwucowaś (dolnołużycki), øve (duński), øve (duński), træne (duński), ekzerci (esperanto), trejni sin (esperanto), üben (niemiecki), упражняться (rosyjski), тренироваться (rosyjski), ība (wilamowski)
Categories (other): Polski (indeks)
{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Polski (indeks)",
      "orig": "polski (indeks)",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_texts": [
    "niem. zwicken"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ćwiczę",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczysz",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczy",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczymy",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczycie",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczą",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłem",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłeś",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "past",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczył",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "past",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyliśmy",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyliście",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "past",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyli",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "past",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłam",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłaś",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "past",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyła",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "past",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłyśmy",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłyście",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "past",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyły",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "past",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłom",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "neuter",
        "potential",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłoś",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "past",
        "neuter",
        "potential",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyło",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "past",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech ćwiczę",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwicz",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech ćwiczy",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczmy",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczcie",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech ćwiczą",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę ćwiczył",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz ćwiczył",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "future",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "future",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie ćwiczył",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "future",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "future",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziemy ćwiczyli",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziemy ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziecie ćwiczyli",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "future",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziecie ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "future",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będą ćwiczyli",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "future",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będą ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "future",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę ćwiczyła",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz ćwiczyła",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "future",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "future",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie ćwiczyła",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "future",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "future",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziemy ćwiczyły",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziemy ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziecie ćwiczyły",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "future",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziecie ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "future",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będą ćwiczyły",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "future",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będą ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "future",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę ćwiczyło",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "potential",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "potential",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz ćwiczyło",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "potential",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "potential",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie ćwiczyło",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "future",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "future",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłem był",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłeś był",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczył był",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyliśmy byli",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyliście byli",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyli byli",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłam była",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłaś była",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyła była",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłyśmy były",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłyście były",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyły były",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłom było",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "neuter",
        "potential",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłoś było",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "neuter",
        "potential",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyło było",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczono",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "second-person",
        "third-person",
        "impersonal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłbym",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "conditional",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byłbym ćwiczył",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "conditional",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłbyś",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "conditional",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byłbyś ćwiczył",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "conditional",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłby",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "conditional",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byłby ćwiczył",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "conditional",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczylibyśmy",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "conditional",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bylibyśmy ćwiczyli",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "conditional",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczylibyście",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "conditional",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bylibyście ćwiczyli",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "conditional",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyliby",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "conditional",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byliby ćwiczyli",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "conditional",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłabym",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "conditional",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byłabym ćwiczyła",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "conditional",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłabyś",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "conditional",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byłabyś ćwiczyła",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "conditional",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłaby",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "conditional",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byłaby ćwiczyła",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "conditional",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłybyśmy",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byłybyśmy ćwiczyły",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłybyście",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byłybyście ćwiczyły",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłyby",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byłyby ćwiczyły",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłobym",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "potential",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byłobym ćwiczyło",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "potential",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłobyś",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "potential",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byłobyś ćwiczyło",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "potential",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłoby",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "conditional",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byłoby ćwiczyło",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "conditional",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczący",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "second-person",
        "third-person",
        "active",
        "participle",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niećwiczący",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "second-person",
        "third-person",
        "active",
        "participle",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwicząca",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "second-person",
        "third-person",
        "active",
        "participle",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niećwicząca",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "second-person",
        "third-person",
        "active",
        "participle",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczące",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "second-person",
        "third-person",
        "active",
        "participle",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niećwiczące",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "second-person",
        "third-person",
        "active",
        "participle",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczące",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "second-person",
        "third-person",
        "active",
        "participle",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niećwiczące",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "second-person",
        "third-person",
        "active",
        "participle",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwicząc",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "second-person",
        "third-person",
        "contemporary",
        "adverbial",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nie ćwicząc",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "second-person",
        "third-person",
        "contemporary",
        "adverbial",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczenie",
      "raw_tags": [
        "rzeczownik odczasownikowy"
      ],
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "second-person",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niećwiczenie",
      "raw_tags": [
        "rzeczownik odczasownikowy"
      ],
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "second-person",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "hypernyms": [
    {
      "sense_index": "1.3",
      "word": "karać"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "język polski",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "pos_text": "czasownik",
  "proverbs": [
    {
      "word": "przysłowia: kto folguje rózdze, nienawidzi syna swego, lecz kto go miłuje, ustawnie ćwiczy"
    }
  ],
  "related": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "noun",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "ćwiczenie"
    },
    {
      "word": "ćwiczenia lm nmos"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "czas.",
        "dk."
      ],
      "word": "wyćwiczyć"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "dk."
      ],
      "word": "wyćwiczyć się"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ],
      "word": "ćwiczebny"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Muzyk cały wieczór ćwiczył nowy chwyt."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "wykonywać określoną czynność w celu poprawienia danej umiejętności"
      ],
      "id": "pl-ćwiczyć-pl-verb-06GkZ-qh",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "topics": [
        "education"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Dla poprawienia figury postanowiłem ćwiczyć."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "wykonywać aktywność fizyczną w celu poprawy kondycji lub rozrywki"
      ],
      "id": "pl-ćwiczyć-pl-verb-RJNv6vjM",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "topics": [
        "sports"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "chłostać"
      ],
      "id": "pl-ćwiczyć-pl-verb-ZHZ9LnlS",
      "raw_tags": [
        "daw."
      ],
      "sense_index": "1.3"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "ˈt͡ɕfʲit͡ʃɨt͡ɕ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "ćfʹičyć",
      "tags": [
        "Slavic-alphabet"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "Pl-ćwiczyć.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/Pl-ćwiczyć.ogg/Pl-ćwiczyć.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pl-ćwiczyć.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "szkolić"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "szkolić się"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "trenować"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "szkolić"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "szkolić się"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "reg. pozn. ibować się"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "egzercytować"
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "imperfective"
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "albański",
      "lang_code": "sq",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "ushtroj"
    },
    {
      "lang": "angielski",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "exercise"
    },
    {
      "lang": "angielski",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "do"
    },
    {
      "lang": "angielski",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "exercise"
    },
    {
      "lang": "angielski",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "rehearse"
    },
    {
      "lang": "arabski",
      "lang_code": "ar",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "مارس"
    },
    {
      "lang": "chiński standardowy",
      "lang_code": "zh",
      "roman": "liàn",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "练"
    },
    {
      "lang": "chiński standardowy",
      "lang_code": "zh",
      "roman": "liànxí",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "练习"
    },
    {
      "lang": "czeski",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "cvičit"
    },
    {
      "lang": "dolnołużycki",
      "lang_code": "dsb",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "zwucowaś"
    },
    {
      "lang": "duński",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "øve"
    },
    {
      "lang": "esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "ekzerci"
    },
    {
      "lang": "niemiecki",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "üben"
    },
    {
      "lang": "rosyjski",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "упражняться"
    },
    {
      "lang": "rosyjski",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "тренироваться"
    },
    {
      "lang": "wilamowski",
      "lang_code": "wym",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "ība"
    },
    {
      "lang": "chiński standardowy",
      "lang_code": "zh",
      "roman": "liàn",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "练"
    },
    {
      "lang": "chiński standardowy",
      "lang_code": "zh",
      "roman": "liànxí",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "练习"
    },
    {
      "lang": "duński",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "øve"
    },
    {
      "lang": "duński",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "træne"
    },
    {
      "lang": "esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "trejni sin"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ćwiczyć"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "polski (indeks)"
  ],
  "etymology_texts": [
    "niem. zwicken"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ćwiczę",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczysz",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczy",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczymy",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczycie",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczą",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłem",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłeś",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "past",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczył",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "past",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyliśmy",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyliście",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "past",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyli",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "past",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłam",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłaś",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "past",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyła",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "past",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłyśmy",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłyście",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "past",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyły",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "past",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłom",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "neuter",
        "potential",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłoś",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "past",
        "neuter",
        "potential",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyło",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "past",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech ćwiczę",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwicz",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech ćwiczy",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczmy",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczcie",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech ćwiczą",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę ćwiczył",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz ćwiczył",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "future",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "future",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie ćwiczył",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "future",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "future",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziemy ćwiczyli",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziemy ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziecie ćwiczyli",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "future",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziecie ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "future",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będą ćwiczyli",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "future",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będą ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "future",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę ćwiczyła",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz ćwiczyła",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "future",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "future",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie ćwiczyła",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "future",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "future",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziemy ćwiczyły",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziemy ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziecie ćwiczyły",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "future",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziecie ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "future",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będą ćwiczyły",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "future",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będą ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "future",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę ćwiczyło",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "potential",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "potential",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz ćwiczyło",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "potential",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "potential",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie ćwiczyło",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "future",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie ćwiczyć",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "future",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłem był",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłeś był",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczył był",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyliśmy byli",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyliście byli",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyli byli",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłam była",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłaś była",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyła była",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłyśmy były",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłyście były",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyły były",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłom było",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "neuter",
        "potential",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłoś było",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "neuter",
        "potential",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyło było",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczono",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "second-person",
        "third-person",
        "impersonal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłbym",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "conditional",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byłbym ćwiczył",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "conditional",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłbyś",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "conditional",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byłbyś ćwiczył",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "conditional",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłby",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "conditional",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byłby ćwiczył",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "conditional",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczylibyśmy",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "conditional",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bylibyśmy ćwiczyli",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "conditional",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczylibyście",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "conditional",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bylibyście ćwiczyli",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "conditional",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyliby",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "conditional",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byliby ćwiczyli",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "conditional",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłabym",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "conditional",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byłabym ćwiczyła",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "conditional",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłabyś",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "conditional",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byłabyś ćwiczyła",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "conditional",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłaby",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "conditional",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byłaby ćwiczyła",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "conditional",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłybyśmy",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byłybyśmy ćwiczyły",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłybyście",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byłybyście ćwiczyły",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłyby",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byłyby ćwiczyły",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłobym",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "potential",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byłobym ćwiczyło",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "potential",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłobyś",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "potential",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byłobyś ćwiczyło",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "second-person",
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "potential",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczyłoby",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "conditional",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byłoby ćwiczyło",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "conditional",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczący",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "second-person",
        "third-person",
        "active",
        "participle",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niećwiczący",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "second-person",
        "third-person",
        "active",
        "participle",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwicząca",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "second-person",
        "third-person",
        "active",
        "participle",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niećwicząca",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "second-person",
        "third-person",
        "active",
        "participle",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczące",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "second-person",
        "third-person",
        "active",
        "participle",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niećwiczące",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "second-person",
        "third-person",
        "active",
        "participle",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczące",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "second-person",
        "third-person",
        "active",
        "participle",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niećwiczące",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "first-person",
        "second-person",
        "third-person",
        "active",
        "participle",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwicząc",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "second-person",
        "third-person",
        "contemporary",
        "adverbial",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nie ćwicząc",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "second-person",
        "third-person",
        "contemporary",
        "adverbial",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ćwiczenie",
      "raw_tags": [
        "rzeczownik odczasownikowy"
      ],
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "second-person",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niećwiczenie",
      "raw_tags": [
        "rzeczownik odczasownikowy"
      ],
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "plural",
        "first-person",
        "second-person",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "hypernyms": [
    {
      "sense_index": "1.3",
      "word": "karać"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "język polski",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "pos_text": "czasownik",
  "proverbs": [
    {
      "word": "przysłowia: kto folguje rózdze, nienawidzi syna swego, lecz kto go miłuje, ustawnie ćwiczy"
    }
  ],
  "related": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "noun",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "ćwiczenie"
    },
    {
      "word": "ćwiczenia lm nmos"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "czas.",
        "dk."
      ],
      "word": "wyćwiczyć"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "dk."
      ],
      "word": "wyćwiczyć się"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ],
      "word": "ćwiczebny"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Muzyk cały wieczór ćwiczył nowy chwyt."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "wykonywać określoną czynność w celu poprawienia danej umiejętności"
      ],
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "topics": [
        "education"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Dla poprawienia figury postanowiłem ćwiczyć."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "wykonywać aktywność fizyczną w celu poprawy kondycji lub rozrywki"
      ],
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "topics": [
        "sports"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "chłostać"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "daw."
      ],
      "sense_index": "1.3"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "ˈt͡ɕfʲit͡ʃɨt͡ɕ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "ćfʹičyć",
      "tags": [
        "Slavic-alphabet"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "Pl-ćwiczyć.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/Pl-ćwiczyć.ogg/Pl-ćwiczyć.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pl-ćwiczyć.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "szkolić"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "szkolić się"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "trenować"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "szkolić"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "szkolić się"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "reg. pozn. ibować się"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "egzercytować"
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "imperfective"
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "albański",
      "lang_code": "sq",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "ushtroj"
    },
    {
      "lang": "angielski",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "exercise"
    },
    {
      "lang": "angielski",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "do"
    },
    {
      "lang": "angielski",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "exercise"
    },
    {
      "lang": "angielski",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "rehearse"
    },
    {
      "lang": "arabski",
      "lang_code": "ar",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "مارس"
    },
    {
      "lang": "chiński standardowy",
      "lang_code": "zh",
      "roman": "liàn",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "练"
    },
    {
      "lang": "chiński standardowy",
      "lang_code": "zh",
      "roman": "liànxí",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "练习"
    },
    {
      "lang": "czeski",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "cvičit"
    },
    {
      "lang": "dolnołużycki",
      "lang_code": "dsb",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "zwucowaś"
    },
    {
      "lang": "duński",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "øve"
    },
    {
      "lang": "esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "ekzerci"
    },
    {
      "lang": "niemiecki",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "üben"
    },
    {
      "lang": "rosyjski",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "упражняться"
    },
    {
      "lang": "rosyjski",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "тренироваться"
    },
    {
      "lang": "wilamowski",
      "lang_code": "wym",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "ība"
    },
    {
      "lang": "chiński standardowy",
      "lang_code": "zh",
      "roman": "liàn",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "练"
    },
    {
      "lang": "chiński standardowy",
      "lang_code": "zh",
      "roman": "liànxí",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "练习"
    },
    {
      "lang": "duński",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "øve"
    },
    {
      "lang": "duński",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "træne"
    },
    {
      "lang": "esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "trejni sin"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ćwiczyć"
}

Download raw JSONL data for ćwiczyć meaning in język polski (17.2kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </td>",
  "path": [
    "ćwiczyć"
  ],
  "section": "język polski",
  "subsection": "odmiana",
  "title": "ćwiczyć",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable język polski dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the plwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-20 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.