See espina on Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hiszpański (indeks)",
"orig": "hiszpański (indeks)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"łac. spina"
],
"lang": "język hiszpański",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_text": "rzeczownik",
"proverbs": [
{
"translation": "korona cierniowa",
"word": "corona de espinas"
}
],
"related": [
{
"sense_index": "1.4",
"translation": "kręgosłup",
"word": "espina dorsal"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.4",
"translation": "rozszczep kręgosłupa",
"word": "espina bífida"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun",
"masculine"
],
"word": "espinar"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espinazo"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espinillo"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espino"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "espinal"
},
{
"word": "espinescente"
},
{
"word": "espinoso"
},
{
"word": "espinudo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"kolec, cierń"
],
"id": "pl-espina-es-noun-egrdArnA",
"sense_index": "1.1"
},
{
"glosses": [
"drzazga"
],
"id": "pl-espina-es-noun-3DEfo-kP",
"sense_index": "1.2"
},
{
"glosses": [
"ość"
],
"id": "pl-espina-es-noun-zoW0qfcY",
"sense_index": "1.3",
"topics": [
"ichthyology"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"kręgosłup, grzbiet"
],
"id": "pl-espina-es-noun-c3azILKj",
"sense_index": "1.4",
"topics": [
"anatomy"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"skrupuł"
],
"id": "pl-espina-es-noun-gw2I-NOi",
"sense_index": "1.5"
},
{
"glosses": [
"niepokój, obawa, lęk"
],
"id": "pl-espina-es-noun-LQHLeweF",
"sense_index": "1.6",
"tags": [
"metaphoric"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"kolec, wyrostek kolczysty"
],
"id": "pl-espina-es-noun-Zz6iJ5ev",
"sense_index": "1.7",
"topics": [
"anatomy"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "es.ˈpi.na"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1321 (spa)-Marreromarco-espina.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1321_(spa)-Marreromarco-espina.wav/LL-Q1321_(spa)-Marreromarco-espina.wav.mp3",
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"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1321 (spa)-Marreromarco-espina.wav"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "púa"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "astilla"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.3",
"word": "raspa"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.4",
"word": "columna vertebral"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.4",
"word": "espinazo"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.4",
"word": "raquis"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.5",
"word": "escrúpulo"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.5",
"word": "duda"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.6",
"word": "inquietud"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.6",
"word": "pena"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.6",
"word": "pesar"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.6",
"word": "remordimiento"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.7",
"word": "apófisis"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "espina"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Nieznany kod języka (formy fleksyjne)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hiszpański (indeks)",
"orig": "hiszpański (indeks)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"łac. spina"
],
"lang": "język hiszpański",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_text": "czasownik",
"proverbs": [
{
"translation": "korona cierniowa",
"word": "corona de espinas"
}
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"noun",
"masculine"
],
"word": "espinar"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espinazo"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espinillo"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espino"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "espinal"
},
{
"word": "espinescente"
},
{
"word": "espinoso"
},
{
"word": "espinudo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Formy czasowników hiszpańskich - presente de indicativo",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Formy czasowników hiszpańskich - tryb oznajmujący",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Formy czasowników hiszpańskich - trzecia osoba",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espinar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"3. os. lp (él, ella, usted) czasu teraźniejszego (presente) trybu oznajmującego (indicativo) od espinar"
],
"id": "pl-espina-es-verb-NPgIFJil",
"sense_index": "2.1"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Formy czasowników hiszpańskich - druga osoba",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Formy czasowników hiszpańskich - tryb rozkazujący",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espinar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"2. os. lp (tú) trybu rozkazującego (imperativo) od espinar"
],
"id": "pl-espina-es-verb-z939RoZT",
"sense_index": "2.2"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "es.ˈpi.na"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1321 (spa)-Marreromarco-espina.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1321_(spa)-Marreromarco-espina.wav/LL-Q1321_(spa)-Marreromarco-espina.wav.mp3",
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"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1321 (spa)-Marreromarco-espina.wav"
}
],
"tags": [
"form-of"
],
"word": "espina"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Język prowansalski",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Prowansalski (indeks)",
"orig": "prowansalski (indeks)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"lang": "język prowansalski",
"lang_code": "oc",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_text": "rzeczownik",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cierń"
],
"id": "pl-espina-oc-noun-yPMv7pUX",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"topics": [
"botany"
]
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "espina"
}
{
"categories": [
"hiszpański (indeks)"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"łac. spina"
],
"lang": "język hiszpański",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_text": "rzeczownik",
"proverbs": [
{
"translation": "korona cierniowa",
"word": "corona de espinas"
}
],
"related": [
{
"sense_index": "1.4",
"translation": "kręgosłup",
"word": "espina dorsal"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.4",
"translation": "rozszczep kręgosłupa",
"word": "espina bífida"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun",
"masculine"
],
"word": "espinar"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espinazo"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espinillo"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espino"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "espinal"
},
{
"word": "espinescente"
},
{
"word": "espinoso"
},
{
"word": "espinudo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"kolec, cierń"
],
"sense_index": "1.1"
},
{
"glosses": [
"drzazga"
],
"sense_index": "1.2"
},
{
"glosses": [
"ość"
],
"sense_index": "1.3",
"topics": [
"ichthyology"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"kręgosłup, grzbiet"
],
"sense_index": "1.4",
"topics": [
"anatomy"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"skrupuł"
],
"sense_index": "1.5"
},
{
"glosses": [
"niepokój, obawa, lęk"
],
"sense_index": "1.6",
"tags": [
"metaphoric"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"kolec, wyrostek kolczysty"
],
"sense_index": "1.7",
"topics": [
"anatomy"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "es.ˈpi.na"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1321 (spa)-Marreromarco-espina.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1321_(spa)-Marreromarco-espina.wav/LL-Q1321_(spa)-Marreromarco-espina.wav.mp3",
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"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1321 (spa)-Marreromarco-espina.wav"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "púa"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "astilla"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.3",
"word": "raspa"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.4",
"word": "columna vertebral"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.4",
"word": "espinazo"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.4",
"word": "raquis"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.5",
"word": "escrúpulo"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.5",
"word": "duda"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.6",
"word": "inquietud"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.6",
"word": "pena"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.6",
"word": "pesar"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.6",
"word": "remordimiento"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.7",
"word": "apófisis"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "espina"
}
{
"categories": [
"Nieznany kod języka (formy fleksyjne)",
"hiszpański (indeks)"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"łac. spina"
],
"lang": "język hiszpański",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_text": "czasownik",
"proverbs": [
{
"translation": "korona cierniowa",
"word": "corona de espinas"
}
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"noun",
"masculine"
],
"word": "espinar"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espinazo"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espinillo"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espino"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "espinal"
},
{
"word": "espinescente"
},
{
"word": "espinoso"
},
{
"word": "espinudo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Formy czasowników hiszpańskich - presente de indicativo",
"Formy czasowników hiszpańskich - tryb oznajmujący",
"Formy czasowników hiszpańskich - trzecia osoba"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espinar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"3. os. lp (él, ella, usted) czasu teraźniejszego (presente) trybu oznajmującego (indicativo) od espinar"
],
"sense_index": "2.1"
},
{
"categories": [
"Formy czasowników hiszpańskich - druga osoba",
"Formy czasowników hiszpańskich - tryb rozkazujący"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espinar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"2. os. lp (tú) trybu rozkazującego (imperativo) od espinar"
],
"sense_index": "2.2"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "es.ˈpi.na"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1321 (spa)-Marreromarco-espina.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1321_(spa)-Marreromarco-espina.wav/LL-Q1321_(spa)-Marreromarco-espina.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1321_(spa)-Marreromarco-espina.wav/LL-Q1321_(spa)-Marreromarco-espina.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1321 (spa)-Marreromarco-espina.wav"
}
],
"tags": [
"form-of"
],
"word": "espina"
}
{
"categories": [
"Język prowansalski",
"prowansalski (indeks)"
],
"lang": "język prowansalski",
"lang_code": "oc",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_text": "rzeczownik",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cierń"
],
"sense_index": "1.1",
"topics": [
"botany"
]
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "espina"
}
Download raw JSONL data for espina meaning in All languages combined (4.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the plwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.