See かこむ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日本語",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日本語 動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日本語 動詞 マ五",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日本語 国際音声記号あり",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日本語_古典日本語由来",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "取り囲む"
},
{
"word": "囲われ"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"古典日本語「かくむ」より。"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "かこ",
"raw_tags": [
"マ行五段活用",
"語幹"
]
},
{
"form": "ま",
"raw_tags": [
"マ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "も",
"raw_tags": [
"マ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "み",
"raw_tags": [
"マ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "ん",
"raw_tags": [
"マ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "む",
"raw_tags": [
"マ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"terminal"
]
},
{
"form": "む",
"raw_tags": [
"マ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "め",
"raw_tags": [
"マ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "め",
"raw_tags": [
"マ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "かこまない",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形"
],
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "未然形 + ない",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合"
],
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かこもう",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形",
"意志・勧誘"
]
},
{
"form": "未然形音便 + う",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合",
"意志・勧誘"
]
},
{
"form": "かこみます",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形"
],
"tags": [
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "連用形 + ます",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合"
],
"tags": [
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "かこんだ",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形"
],
"tags": [
"past",
"completive"
]
},
{
"form": "連用形音便 + だ",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合"
],
"tags": [
"past",
"completive"
]
},
{
"form": "かこむ",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形"
],
"tags": [
"definitive"
]
},
{
"form": "終止形のみ",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合"
],
"tags": [
"definitive"
]
},
{
"form": "かこむこと",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形"
],
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "連体形 + こと",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合"
],
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "かこめば",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形",
"仮定条件"
]
},
{
"form": "仮定形 + ば",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合",
"仮定条件"
]
},
{
"form": "かこめ",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形"
],
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "命令形のみ",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合"
],
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
}
],
"lang": "日本語",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "動詞",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
7
]
],
"text": "公園で鳩に囲まれる"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
14
]
],
"text": "アイドルを大勢のファンが囲んで前へ進めなくなる"
}
],
"glosses": [
"あるものの周りをふさぐようにあつまる。"
],
"id": "ja-かこむ-ja-verb-GmUYsLvu"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
7
]
],
"text": "敷地を塀で囲む"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
9
]
],
"text": "村は三方を山に囲まれている"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
8
]
],
"text": "四方を海にかこまれた我が国"
}
],
"glosses": [
"外のものと、中のものとを区切る。周りを取り巻いて連なる。周囲のすべて、または四方のうち少なくとも三方向をふさぐように存在する。"
],
"id": "ja-かこむ-ja-verb-rhp~IsIJ"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
7
]
],
"text": "正解を丸で囲む"
}
],
"glosses": [
"あるもののまわりをふさぐように線を引く。"
],
"id": "ja-かこむ-ja-verb-xE2-K-Tb"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
5
]
],
"text": "先生を囲んで懇談する"
}
],
"glosses": [
"人をまねいて座の中心とする。"
],
"id": "ja-かこむ-ja-verb-d3xXnNaI"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
5
]
],
"text": "食卓を囲む"
}
],
"glosses": [
"人々が一箇所に集まって飲食をする。"
],
"id": "ja-かこむ-ja-verb-F4OWf7SA"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
4
]
],
"text": "一局囲む"
}
],
"glosses": [
"将棋・囲碁・麻雀などをする。"
],
"id": "ja-かこむ-ja-verb-BguxxiW6"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"form": "かこむ",
"raw_tags": [
"東京式"
],
"roman": "[kàkómú]",
"tags": [
"Heiban"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ko̞mɯ̟ᵝ]"
},
{
"form": "かこむ",
"raw_tags": [
"京阪式"
],
"tags": [
"Heiban"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "囲う"
},
{
"word": "取り巻く"
},
{
"word": "廻（めぐ）る"
},
{
"word": "廻（めぐ）らす"
},
{
"word": "囲み"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "英語",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "surround"
},
{
"lang": "オランダ語",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "omgeven"
},
{
"lang": "ドイツ語",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "umgeben"
},
{
"lang": "ノルウェー語",
"lang_code": "no",
"word": "omgi"
},
{
"lang": "フィンランド語",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "ympäröidä"
},
{
"lang": "フランス語",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "entourer"
},
{
"lang": "ポーランド語",
"lang_code": "pl",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "otaczać"
},
{
"lang": "ポーランド語",
"lang_code": "pl",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "otoczyć"
},
{
"lang": "ロシア語",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "okružát'",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "окружа́ть"
},
{
"lang": "ロシア語",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "okružít'",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "окружи́ть"
}
],
"word": "かこむ"
}
{
"categories": [
"日本語",
"日本語 動詞",
"日本語 動詞 マ五",
"日本語 国際音声記号あり",
"日本語_古典日本語由来"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "取り囲む"
},
{
"word": "囲われ"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"古典日本語「かくむ」より。"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "かこ",
"raw_tags": [
"マ行五段活用",
"語幹"
]
},
{
"form": "ま",
"raw_tags": [
"マ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "も",
"raw_tags": [
"マ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "み",
"raw_tags": [
"マ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "ん",
"raw_tags": [
"マ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "む",
"raw_tags": [
"マ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"terminal"
]
},
{
"form": "む",
"raw_tags": [
"マ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "め",
"raw_tags": [
"マ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "め",
"raw_tags": [
"マ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "かこまない",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形"
],
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "未然形 + ない",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合"
],
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かこもう",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形",
"意志・勧誘"
]
},
{
"form": "未然形音便 + う",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合",
"意志・勧誘"
]
},
{
"form": "かこみます",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形"
],
"tags": [
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "連用形 + ます",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合"
],
"tags": [
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "かこんだ",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形"
],
"tags": [
"past",
"completive"
]
},
{
"form": "連用形音便 + だ",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合"
],
"tags": [
"past",
"completive"
]
},
{
"form": "かこむ",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形"
],
"tags": [
"definitive"
]
},
{
"form": "終止形のみ",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合"
],
"tags": [
"definitive"
]
},
{
"form": "かこむこと",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形"
],
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "連体形 + こと",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合"
],
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "かこめば",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形",
"仮定条件"
]
},
{
"form": "仮定形 + ば",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合",
"仮定条件"
]
},
{
"form": "かこめ",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形"
],
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "命令形のみ",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合"
],
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
}
],
"lang": "日本語",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "動詞",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
7
]
],
"text": "公園で鳩に囲まれる"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
14
]
],
"text": "アイドルを大勢のファンが囲んで前へ進めなくなる"
}
],
"glosses": [
"あるものの周りをふさぐようにあつまる。"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
7
]
],
"text": "敷地を塀で囲む"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
9
]
],
"text": "村は三方を山に囲まれている"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
8
]
],
"text": "四方を海にかこまれた我が国"
}
],
"glosses": [
"外のものと、中のものとを区切る。周りを取り巻いて連なる。周囲のすべて、または四方のうち少なくとも三方向をふさぐように存在する。"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
7
]
],
"text": "正解を丸で囲む"
}
],
"glosses": [
"あるもののまわりをふさぐように線を引く。"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
5
]
],
"text": "先生を囲んで懇談する"
}
],
"glosses": [
"人をまねいて座の中心とする。"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
5
]
],
"text": "食卓を囲む"
}
],
"glosses": [
"人々が一箇所に集まって飲食をする。"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
4
]
],
"text": "一局囲む"
}
],
"glosses": [
"将棋・囲碁・麻雀などをする。"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"form": "かこむ",
"raw_tags": [
"東京式"
],
"roman": "[kàkómú]",
"tags": [
"Heiban"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ko̞mɯ̟ᵝ]"
},
{
"form": "かこむ",
"raw_tags": [
"京阪式"
],
"tags": [
"Heiban"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "囲う"
},
{
"word": "取り巻く"
},
{
"word": "廻（めぐ）る"
},
{
"word": "廻（めぐ）らす"
},
{
"word": "囲み"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "英語",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "surround"
},
{
"lang": "オランダ語",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "omgeven"
},
{
"lang": "ドイツ語",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "umgeben"
},
{
"lang": "ノルウェー語",
"lang_code": "no",
"word": "omgi"
},
{
"lang": "フィンランド語",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "ympäröidä"
},
{
"lang": "フランス語",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "entourer"
},
{
"lang": "ポーランド語",
"lang_code": "pl",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "otaczać"
},
{
"lang": "ポーランド語",
"lang_code": "pl",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "otoczyć"
},
{
"lang": "ロシア語",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "okružát'",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "окружа́ть"
},
{
"lang": "ロシア語",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "okružít'",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "окружи́ть"
}
],
"word": "かこむ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for かこむ meaning in 日本語 (5.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable 日本語 dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-09 from the jawiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (99a4ed9 and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.